BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 163
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          Date of Hearing:  March 21, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                 AB 163 (Jeffries) - As Introduced:  January 19, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :  Department of Forestry and Fire Protection: 
          employment: criminal background checks

           SUMMARY  :  Subjects an applicant for employment with California 
          Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) or the Board of 
          Forestry (Board) to criminal background checks, including 
          convictions and arrests, to determine whether the applicant is 
          eligible for employment.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Requires the Department of Justice (DOJ) to maintain state 
            summary criminal history information, defined as information 
            compiled by the Attorney General (AG) pertaining to the 
            identification and criminal history of any person, such as 
            name, date of birth, physical description, fingerprints, 
            photographs, date of arrests, arresting agencies and booking 
            numbers, charges, dispositions, and similar data about the 
            person.

          2)Provides that the AG must furnish summary criminal history 
            information to any state agency if the criminal history 
            information is required to implement a statute or regulation 
            that expressly refers to specific criminal conduct applicable 
            to the subject person of the state summary criminal history 
            information, and contains requirements or exclusions, or both, 
            expressly based upon that specified criminal conduct.

          3)Prohibits an employer, whether a public agency or private 
            individual or corporation, from asking an applicant for 
            employment to disclose information concerning an arrest or 
            detention that did not result in conviction.

          4)Subjects an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) certificate 
            candidate or holder, on and after July 1, 2010, to a criminal 
            background check; if a background check has been conducted on 
            an EMT certified prior to July 1, 2010, then the certifying 
            entity or employer must verify in writing to the Emergency 
            Medical Services Authority that a background check has been 








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            conducted and that nothing in the check would preclude the EMT 
            from certification.

           THIS BILL  :

          1)Defines an "applicant" as a person applying for permanent, 
            full-time employment with CDF or the Board.  

          2)Requires an applicant to submit fingerprint images, his/her 
            social security number, and related information to CDF for a 
            state and federal level criminal offender record information 
            search, including subsequent arrest information, and to 
            determine whether the applicant is eligible for employment.

          3)Requires CDF, prior to hiring an applicant for employment with 
            CDF or the Board, to electronically submit to the DOJ 
            fingerprint images and related information on the applicant 
            for the purposes of obtaining information as to the existence 
            and content of a record of state or federal convictions, state 
            or federal arrests, and arrests for which an individual is 
            free on bail pending trial or appeal.

          4)Requires CDF to request DOJ to provide subsequent arrest 
            notification services for an applicant.

          5)Requires DOJ to charge a fee sufficient to cover the cost of 
            processing the criminal background request.  CDF may not 
            assess a fee on the applicant for purposes of conduction the 
            background check.

          6)Exempts EMTs from the requirements of the bill under specified 
            circumstances.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Firefighters hold a 
          position of authority and responsibility.  Firefighters are 
          welcomed into people's homes and businesses without fear for 
          their personal safety or their prized possessions.  If a 
          firefighter candidate is of questionable ethical or moral 
          character, he or she may ultimately become a liability for the 
          hiring agency.  This could erode public trust and compromise the 
          department."

           1)Applies to Non-Firefighter Positions  :  The bill applies to a 








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            person applying for permanent, full-time employment with CDF 
            and the Board-it is not specific to just firefighter 
            applicants.  The author's arguments in support of this bill 
            are focused on the ethical and moral character of 
            firefighters.  The author gives no reasons why this bill 
            should also apply to applicants seeking non-firefighting jobs. 
             

           2)Most CDF firefighters will already be subject to background 
            checks  :  AB 2917 (Torrico), Chapter 274, Statutes of 2008, 
            subjects an EMT certificate candidate or holder, on and after 
            July 1, 2010, to criminal background checks, including a 
            search for subsequent arrest information.  Employers who hire 
            an EMT certified prior to this date must verify that a 
            background check has been performed and that nothing would 
            preclude the EMT from being certified.  According to CDF in 
            2010, over 76 percent of its employees are certified as EMTs.  
            CDF also employs approximately 300 peace officers, who are 
            currently subject to background checks.  As of July 1, 2010, 
            CDF must verify that those firefighters holding an EMT 
            certificate prior to this date have been subject to background 
            checks.  Increasingly, in order to successfully compete for 
            limited firefighting positions, applicants will have obtained 
            an EMT certificate prior to applying for a position.  Thus, AB 
            2917 will likely accomplish the purposes of this bill.  
            Finally, according to DOJ, Section 11105 of the Penal Code 
            already authorizes CDF to subject applicants to background 
            checks should it decide that it is warranted.

           3)Conservation Camp Inmates  :  The state, through the Department 
            of Corrections and Rehabilitation, implements the Conservation 
            Camp program.  The primary mission of this program is to 
            provide agencies, such as CDF, an able-bodied, trained work 
            force for fire suppression and other emergencies such as 
            floods and earthquakes.  The Conservation Camp inmates average 
            10 million work hours per year and save the state more than 
            $80 million a year on average.  This bill may prejudice the 
            hiring of inmates trained as firefighters by CDF when they are 
            ready to enter the work force.  

           4)Legal issues with criminal background check  :  The bill 
            generally states that the applicant's criminal background 
            information must be used "to determine whether the applicant 
            is eligible for employment."  The federal Civil Rights Act 
            prohibits such general use of criminal background information 








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            to make employment decisions.  Specifically, according to the 
            U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which enforces 
            the employment laws under the Civil Rights Act, "an employer 
            may not base an employment decision on the conviction record 
            of an applicant?absent business necessity.  Business necessity 
            can be established where the?applicant is engaged in conduct 
            which is particularly egregious or related to the position in 
            question."  "Business necessity" is not considered in this 
            bill.   

           5)Legal issues with arrest information  :  The bill requires a 
            background check to include state or federal arrest 
            information regardless of whether the arrest led to a 
            conviction.  This is inconsistent with Section 432.7 of the 
            Labor Code, which prohibits an employer from "ask�ing] an 
            applicant for employment to disclose, through any written form 
            or verbally, information concerning an arrest or detention 
            that did not result in conviction."

            Additionally, the bill would likely violate the Civil Rights 
            Act since it authorizes broad general inquiries about arrests. 
             According to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity 
            Commission, "an employer will seldom be able to justify making 
            broad general inquiries about an employee's or applicant's 
            arrests."  Even if a valid inquiry is made, the Civil Rights 
            Act requires the employer to examine the surrounding 
            circumstances and also offer the applicant an opportunity to 
            explain the circumstances of the arrest(s).  The bill does not 
            provide a process to meet these requirements of the Civil 
            Rights Act.
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None on File

           Opposition 
           
          All of Us or None-Sacramento
          East Bay Community Law Center
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
          National Employment Law Project
          Stanford Community Law Clinic
           








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          Analysis Prepared by  :  Mario DeBernardo / NAT. RES. / (916) 
          319-2092