BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 205
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  May 16, 2011

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON REVENUE AND TAXATION
                                Henry T. Perea, Chair

                    AB 205 (Hagman) - As Amended:  April 13, 2011

                                      VOTE ONLY

          Majority vote.  Tax levy.  Fiscal committee.

           SUBJECT  :  Personal income taxes:  credit:  vehicle registration 
          payment fees

           SUMMARY  :  Enacts the Vehicle Incentive Act.  Specifically,  this 
          bill  :    

          1)Allows a personal income tax (PIT) credit, for taxable years 
            beginning on or after January 1, 2011, equal to the "qualified 
            costs" paid by a taxpayer for a "qualified vehicle."  

          2)Defines "qualified costs" as the fees, paid by a taxpayer 
            during the taxable year, assessed on a vehicle by the 
            Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) as part of the vehicle 
            registration process, including the following:

             a)   Any fee set forth in Vehicle Code (VC) Section 9250 et 
               seq., including the registration fee, the California 
               Highway Patrol fee, and local county transportation fees;

             b)   The vehicle license fee (VLF), as set forth in Revenue 
               and Taxation Code Sections 10751 and 10752.2;

             c)   The motorcycle safety fee, as set forth in VC Section 
               2935;

             d)   The unladen weight fee, as set forth in VC Section 9400, 
               and the weight fee, weight sticker fee, and cargo theft 
               interdiction fee set forth in VC Section 9400.1;  

             e)   The smog abatement fee, as set forth in Health and 
               Safety Code (H&SC) Sections 44060 and 44060.5; 

             f)   The personalized license plate fees, special interest 
               license plate fees, and all other fees set forth in VC 








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               Sections 5000 to 5160; 

             g)   The county fees imposed by Government Code Section 
               65089.20; and, 

             h)   The air pollution control district fees imposed by H&SC 
               Sections 40612 and 40701.5.    

          3)Defines a "qualified vehicle" as a vehicle for which a 
            taxpayer has paid qualified costs prior to the purchase of 
            another vehicle, for which the taxpayer has also paid 
            qualified costs during the same calendar year, and the vehicle 
            is either sold or traded in to purchase the other vehicle.  

          4)Provides that, in cases where the credit exceeds the 
            taxpayer's tax liability, the excess credit amount may be 
            carried over for up to three years, until the credit is 
            exhausted. 

          5)Specifies that the credit shall be in lieu of any deduction to 
            which the taxpayer may otherwise be entitled. 

          6)Takes immediate effect as a tax levy.  

           EXISTING LAW  allows:

          1)Various tax credits designed to provide tax relief for 
            taxpayers who incur certain expenses or to influence behavior, 
            including business practices.

          2)Individuals to deduct certain expenses, such as medical 
            expenses, charitable contributions, mortgage interest, and 
            taxes, such as the VLF, as itemized deductions.  The VLF is 
            considered a personal property tax based on the market value 
            of the motor vehicle.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  The Franchise Tax Board (FTB) estimates that 
          this bill would result in General Fund revenue losses of $100 
          million in fiscal year (FY) 2011-12, $65 million in FY 2012-13 
          and $65 in FY 2013-14.  

           COMMENTS  :

          1)The author has provided the following statement in support of 
            this bill:








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               Under current law, individuals are required to pay 
               registration fees for a vehicle each year.  If a person 
               sells or trades in the registered vehicle to purchase a new 
               vehicle the same year, they are required to pay 
               registration fees again.  Existing law is necessary to 
               ensure vehicles are properly registered to their owners 
               each year.  However, current law does not account for when 
               owners trade or sell their already registered vehicle for a 
               new one and end up paying registration twice in one year 
               for one vehicle.  Assembly Bill 205 would allow the 
               individual to receive a tax credit in the amount of the 
               original vehicle registration fee on their state income 
               taxes for that year.  

          2)Proponents state, "Under current law, individuals are required 
            to pay registration fees for a vehicle each year.  
            Unfortunately, if a person sells or trades in the registered 
            vehicle to purchase a new vehicle the same year, they are 
            required to pay registration fees again, in addition to other 
            vehicle related fees."

          3)Opponents state, "This tax credit, equal to the taxpayer's 
            registration fee, is an insignificant 1% of the vehicle's 
            value, and therefore will not incentivize a taxpayer to 
            purchase a new vehicle.  It also would not benefit many 
            taxpayers who are below the filing threshold for personal 
            income taxes or could not use the full value of the credit." 

          4)The FTB has raised the following implementation concern in its 
            staff analysis of this bill:

               The bill states that the registration fees for the current 
               and replacement vehicles must be paid in the same "taxable" 
               year, yet the bill requires the sale or trade in of the old 
               vehicle to be in the same "calendar" year.  It is unclear 
               whether the registration fees and trade in or sale of the 
               qualified vehicle must occur during the same year in order 
               to qualify for the credit.  To eliminate confusion, the 
               author may wish to amend the bill to use either calendar or 
               taxable year. 

          5)Committee Staff Comments:  

              a)   What is a "tax expenditure"?  :  Existing law provides 








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               various credits, deductions, exclusions, and exemptions for 
               particular taxpayer groups.  In the late 1960's, United 
               States Treasury officials began arguing that these features 
               of the tax law should be referred to as "expenditures," 
               since they are generally enacted to accomplish some 
               governmental purpose and there is a determinable cost 
               associated with each (in the form of foregone revenues).  
               This bill would enact a tax expenditure, in the form of a 
               PIT credit, to compensate vehicle owners who are required 
               to pay registration fees twice in a given calendar year 
               because they elect to sell or trade in their old car for a 
               new one.

              b)   How is a tax expenditure different from a direct 
               expenditure?  :  As the Department of Finance notes in its 
               annual Tax Expenditure Report, there are several key 
               differences between tax expenditures and direct 
               expenditures.  First, tax expenditures are reviewed less 
               frequently than direct expenditures once they are put in 
               place.  This can offer taxpayers greater certainty, but it 
               can also result in tax expenditures remaining a part of the 
               tax code without demonstrating any public benefit.  Second, 
               there is generally no control over the amount of revenue 
               losses associated with any given tax expenditure.  Finally, 
               it should also be noted that, once enacted, it generally 
               takes a two-thirds vote to rescind an existing tax 
               expenditure absent a sunset date.  This effectively results 
               in a "one-way ratchet" whereby tax expenditures can be 
               conferred by majority vote, but cannot be rescinded, 
               irrespective of their efficacy, without a supermajority 
               vote.  It should be noted that AB 205 does not contain a 
               sunset date.  A sunset date would allow the Legislature to 
               review the efficacy of this tax expenditure program in the 
               future.  

              c)   What is this tax expenditure program seeking to 
               accomplish?  :  As noted above, California law provides a 
               host of tax credits, which are typically designed to 
               encourage taxpayers to engage in socially beneficial 
               behavior they might not engage in, absent an economic 
               incentive.  The author has indicated that this bill is 
               designed, at least in part, to encourage taxpayers to buy 
               new vehicles.  This raises a number of issues.  Namely, if 
               one accepts the argument that this bill would serve as an 
               incentive, one must necessarily accept that there are 








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               taxpayers who are reluctant to purchase a new vehicle 
               because they have already paid registration fees on their 
               existing vehicle.  Given that vehicle registration fees 
               represent such a small expenditure in relation to a new car 
               purchase, this seems doubtful.  In addition, this bill 
               would apply for taxable years beginning on or after January 
               1, 2011, and thus, on enactment, would cover transactions 
               that took place before this bill became effective and could 
               provide any incentive whatsoever.  The fact that this bill 
               would provide a credit of 100% of qualified costs, which is 
               in itself unprecedented, suggests that this bill is 
               designed more to address some perceived inequity in current 
               registration law.  This, of course, raises the question of 
               whether it would be more appropriate to address this 
               perceived inequity by directly lowering vehicle 
               registration fees in circumstances where an individual 
               trades in an old car for a new one.  While such an approach 
               may present administrative complications for the DMV, it 
               would have the benefit of assisting all individuals in this 
               situation, and not just those with a PIT liability to 
               offset through a credit.  
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Recreation Vehicle Dealers Association

           Opposition 
           
          California Tax Reform Association
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  M. David Ruff / REV. & TAX. / (916) 
          319-2098