BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 229
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          Date of Hearing:   April 12, 2011

              ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND CONSUMER 
                                     PROTECTION
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                     AB 229 (Lara) - As Amended:  March 30, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :   Controller: audits.

           SUMMARY  :   Expands the Controller's oversight over local 
          government auditing practices.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires the Controller to receive every annual financial 
            audit report prepared for any local agency, as specified, 
            including reports prepared in compliance with the federal 
            Single Audit Act of 1984 and required under any law to be 
            submitted to any state agency, and, after ascertaining its 
            compliance with that federal act, to transmit the report to 
            the designated state agency.

          2)Requires an audit for any local agency submitted to the 
            Controller pursuant to the above requirement to comply with 
            the Government Auditing Standards issued by the Comptroller 
            General of the United States.

          3)Requires an audit for any local agency submitted to the 
            Controller pursuant to the above requirement to be made by a 
            certified public accountant (CPA), licensed by the California 
            Board of Accountancy (Board), and selected by the local 
            agency, as applicable, from a directory of CPAs deemed by the 
            Controller as qualified to conduct audits of local agencies 
            which shall be published by the Controller not later than 
            December 31 of each year.

          4)Requires, in determining which CPAs shall be included in the 
            directory, the Controller to use the following criteria:

             a)   The CPAs or public accountants (PAs) shall be in good 
               standing as certified by the Board; and,

             b)   The CPAs or PAs, as a result of a quality control review 
               conducted by the Controller pursuant to this bill, shall 
               not have been found to have conducted an audit in a manner 
               constituting noncompliance with auditing standards and 
               reporting requirements of this bill, as specified.  The 








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               Controller shall establish an appeals process for CPAs or 
               PAs who are removed from the directory but not referred to 
               the Board pursuant to this bill.

          5)Provides that, commencing with the 2011-12 fiscal year, it 
            shall be unlawful for a public accounting firm to provide 
            audit services to a local agency if the lead audit partner, or 
            coordinating audit partner, having primary responsibility for 
            the audit, or the audit partner responsible for reviewing the 
            audit, has performed audit services for that local agency in 
            each of the six previous fiscal years.  The Controller may 
            waive this requirement if he or she finds that no otherwise 
            eligible auditor is available to perform the audit. 

          6)Requires the governing board of each local agency to include 
            all of the following in its contracts for audits:

             a)   A provision to withhold 10% of the audit fee until the 
               Controller certifies that the audit report conforms to this 
               bill's reporting provisions, as specified;

             b)   A provision to withhold 50% of the audit fee for any 
               subsequent year of a multiyear contract if the prior year's 
               audit report was not certified as conforming to the 
               reporting provisions of this bill, as specified.  This 
               provision shall include a statement that a multiyear 
               contract shall be null and void if a public accounting firm 
               or independent auditor is declared ineligible pursuant to 
               this bill's reporting provisions, as specified.  The amount 
               withheld shall not be payable unless payment is ordered by 
               the Board or the audit report for that subsequent year is 
               certified by the Controller as conforming to the reporting 
               provisions of this bill, as specified; and,

             c)   A provision that will provide the Controller access to 
               audit working papers.

          7)Requires the Controller to develop a plan to review and report 
            on financial and compliance audits of local agencies.  The 
            Controller, in consultation with the Department of Finance, 
            and representatives of the League of California Cities, the 
            California State Association of County Auditors, and the 
            California Society of Certified Public Accountants, shall 
            propose the content of, and adopt, an audit guide.









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          8)Requires audit reports to be submitted to the Controller 
            within nine months after the end of the period audited, or in 
            accordance with applicable federal law.

          9)Allows the Controller, if the audit reports required by this 
            bill and current law have not been submitted on or before the 
            due date established by this bill, to appoint a qualified CPA 
            to complete the report and to obtain the information required. 
             Any cost incurred by the Controller in doing so shall be 
            borne by the local agency and shall be a charge against any 
            unencumbered funds of the local agency.

          10)Requires the Controller on an annual basis to review and 
            monitor the audit reports performed by independent auditors.  
            The Controller shall determine whether the audit reports 
            conform with the reporting provisions of government auditing 
            standards and the audit guide and shall notify each local 
            agency, and the auditor of each local agency regarding each 
            determination. 

          11)Requires the independent auditor to correct his or her audit 
            report within 30 days of notification of any deficiency.  The 
            Controller may suspend the independent auditor from performing 
            any local agency audits if the auditor does not correct his or 
            her audit report within 30 days of the Controller's 
            notification.

          12)Allows an independent auditor or audit firm having a portion 
            of an audit fee withheld pursuant to this bill to file an 
            appeal in writing with the Board within 30 days of written 
            notification that the Controller refuses to certify an audit 
            report as conforming to this bill's reporting provisions.

          13)Requires the Board to complete an investigation of the appeal 
            within 90 days of the filing of the appeal and, on the basis 
            of the investigation, do one of the following:

             a)   Order the Controller to provide notification that the 
               audit report conforms to the bill's reporting provisions.  
               In this case, the Controller shall notify the contracting 
               local agency, which shall then release the portion of the 
               audit fee being withheld; or,

             b)   Schedule the appeal for a hearing, in which case the 
               final action on the appeal shall be completed by the Board 








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               within one year from the date of the filing of the appeal.

          14)Requires the Controller to report to the Legislature by 
            January 31 of each year the results of the Controller's 
            oversight activity, including the results of the Controller's 
            quality control reviews, in conformance with current law 
            governing reports to the Legislature.

          15)Allows the Controller to perform quality control reviews of 
            audit working papers to determine whether audits are performed 
            in conformity with government audit standards and the local 
            agency audit guide.  The Controller shall communicate the 
            results of his or her reviews to the Department of Finance, 
            the independent auditor, and the local agency for which the 
            audit was performed, and shall review his or her findings with 
            the independent auditor.

          16)Requires the Controller, prior to the performance of any 
            quality control reviews, to develop and publish guidelines and 
            standards for those reviews.  Pursuant to the development of 
            those guidelines and standards for those reviews, the 
            Controller shall provide an opportunity for public comment.  
            The Controller shall update the guidelines and standards for 
            any changes in audit standards.

          17)Provides that the Controller is responsible for selecting 
            audits for review based on criteria, including, but not 
            limited to, disciplinary actions by the Board, results of the 
            Controller's review and monitoring of the audit reports, the 
            extent of findings in the audit reports issued by the 
            independent auditor, the number of audits of local agencies 
            performed annually by the independent auditor, the independent 
            auditor's experience in performing audits of local agencies, 
            the complexity of state and federal programs administered by 
            the local agencies, and requests or leads from other sources.

          18)Requires the Controller to refer the case to the Board if the 
            quality control review indicates that the audit was conducted 
            in a manner that may constitute unprofessional conduct or 
            repeated failure to disclose noncompliant acts, as specified.  
            If the Board finds that the independent auditor conducted an 
            audit in an unprofessional manner, the Controller may prohibit 
            the independent auditor from performing any audit of a local 
            agency for a period of three years, in addition to any other 
            penalties that the Board may impose.  In any matter that is 








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            referred to the Board, the Controller may suspend the 
            independent auditor from performing any local agency audit 
            pending final disposition of the matter by notice and an 
            opportunity to respond to that suspension.  The independent 
            auditor shall be given credit for any period of suspension if 
            the Board prohibits the independent auditor from performing 
            audits of local agencies.  The Controller must not suspend an 
            independent auditor for more than three years.

          19)Makes legislative findings and declarations.

           EXISTING LAW  


          1)Under federal law, the Single Audit Act of 1984, requires any 
            nonfederal entity, defined as states, local governments, or 
            nonprofit organizations, that expends $500,000 or more in 
            federal money to prepare an annual audit that meets certain 
            specifications and transmit that audit to specified federal 
            agencies.

          2)Requires the Controller to receive every audit report prepared 
            by any local public agency pursuant to the Single Audit Act 
            and to review those reports for compliance with federal law 
            before forwarding them to the designated state agency.

          3)Requires annual audits of local educational agencies, and 
            requires audit reports to be filed with the applicable county 
            superintendent of schools, the Department of Education, and 
            the Controller.  Among other requirements, audits must comply 
            fully with the Government Auditing Standards issued by the 
            Comptroller General of the United States, and must be made by 
            a CPA or a PA licensed by the Board and selected by the local 
            educational agency from a directory of CPAs and PAs deemed by 
            the Controller as qualified to conduct audits of local 
            educational agencies.

          4)Regulates and licensed the practice of accountancy under the 
            Board within the Department of Consumer Affairs.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  

           Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author's office, "The 








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          current statutory approach to protect taxpayers from waste, 
          fraud and abusive practices by local governments is not working 
          as illustrated by the Controller's Office audit findings in the 
          City of Bell and the County of Modoc where millions of state, 
          federal and local dollars were misspent over several years?The 
          current oversight system of the 58 counties, 482 cities and 
          nearly 5,000 special districts lacks the authority and resources 
          to identify and investigate the types of issues that were found 
          in Bell and Modoc.  Not only are local tax funds at risk but the 
          state and federal pass through funds (which the state is liable 
          for) can also be misspent (in Bell over $710,000 in state and 
          federal pass through funds were misspent)."

           Background  .  Long-standing concerns about local government 
          fiscal accountability came to dramatic light last year with the 
          exposure of unethical and illegal financial practices by 
          numerous officials in the City of Bell.  Despite serious and 
          pervasive control deficiencies in the city's administrative and 
          internal accounting systems, the city's independent auditor 
          failed to report abuses such as excessive salaries, illegal 
          loans, and questionable special fees.

          In a series of follow-up audits of the City of Bell's finances, 
          the Controller found that the independent auditor failed to 
          comply with 13 of 17 fieldwork auditing standards and reported 
          no significant deficiencies in any of the city's funds.

          Current law requires local governments subject to federal single 
          audit requirements to send their annual audit reports to the 
          Controller for review and certification for compliance with 
          specified auditing standards.  This only includes local agencies 
          that expend more than $500,000 in federal funds.  This bill 
          broadens the categories of local entities whose audits must be 
          reviewed by the Controller to include cities, counties, special 
          districts and redevelopment agencies that expend less than 
          $500,000 in federal monies, as well as state funds.

          This bill also adds a number of provisions that stipulate 
          standards and increase oversight of local agency audits.  All 
          audits must comply with federal government auditing standards 
          and must be performed by a Board-licensed CPA or PA that has 
          been selected by the local agency from a Controller-approved 
          list of qualified CPAs.  The Controller maintains a similar list 
          for school district audits, checking with the Board to ensure a 
          licensee is in good standing before placing him or her on the 








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          list, a process that takes about a week to complete.

          This bill also requires audit partner rotation every six years, 
          and requires audit contracts to include provisions for 
          withholding portions of the audit fee until the Controller 
          certifies the audit, or if the audit report fails to meet 
          specified reporting requirements.  Audit contracts must also 
          allow the Controller to access audit working papers, which the 
          Controller may review for quality control.  

          The bill provides a process for referring cases to the Board if 
          a quality control review indicates unprofessional conduct or 
          failure to report noncomplilant acts, and allows the Controller 
          to suspend an auditor from performing audits until the Board 
          makes a determination.  The Controller may also prohibit an 
          auditor from performing audits for three years if the Board 
          finds the audit was conducted in an unprofessional manner.

          The Controller must adopt an audit guide, annually review audits 
          for compliance, and notify the local agency and its auditor of 
          the findings.  The Controller must also report annually to the 
          Legislature on his or her oversight activities.

           Support  .  Controller John Chiang writes, "AB 229 will allow my 
          office to review the work quality of more independent auditing 
          firms that contract with local governments.  Modeled on the same 
          oversight process currently in place for independent audits of 
          school districts, the Controller's Office will develop and issue 
          audit guidelines for use by independent auditors of cities and 
          counties, and establish a list of acceptable independent 
          auditors for local government audits?I strongly believe this 
          legislation will help provide the independent oversight needed 
          to protect public funds and to restore the public's confidence 
          in the fiscal integrity of our cities, counties and other local 
          government agencies."

           Opposition  .  The California Board of Accountancy is concerned 
          with the bill's provisions requiring the Controller to create a 
          directory of CPAs who are qualified to conduct local agency 
          audits, allowing the Controller to suspend a CPA from performing 
          local agency audits before the Board has held any kind of 
          administrative hearing, and allowing the Controller to impose an 
          additional three-year suspension on a CPA who has already been 
          disciplined by the Board.









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           Related legislation .  

          AB 162 (Smyth) of 2011, requires that, if an audit of a local 
          agency reveals certain financial irregularities, the findings be 
          sent separately to the Controller immediately after the audit 
          has been concluded.  This bill requires the Controller to 
          prepare and transmit a report on those findings, and the 
          Controller's recommendations, to the Assembly Committee on Local 
          Government and the Senate Committee on Local Government.  This 
          bill is pending in Assembly Local Government Committee.

          AB 253 (Smyth) of 2011, requires the Controller to prescribe 
          uniform accounting and reporting procedures to cities.  This 
          bill is pending in Assembly Local Government Committee.

          AB 276 (Alejo) of 2011, requires joint powers agencies to 
          furnish to the Controller a report of all the financial 
          transactions of the agency during the next preceding fiscal year 
          within 90 days of the close of each fiscal year, and raises 
          forfeiture amounts for local agencies that fail to make these 
          reports, as specified.  This bill is pending in Assembly Local 
          Government Committee.

          SB 186 (Kehoe) of 2011, expands the Controller's authority to 
          perform discretionary audits of local agencies to ensure 
          compliance with local ordinances and state law.  This bill is 
          pending in Senate Appropriations Committee.

          SB 449 (Pavley) of 2011, authorizes the Controller to conduct a 
          preliminary review to determine the existence of a local agency 
          financial problem, and perform an audit upon completion of that 
          review, subject to specified criteria.  This bill is pending in 
          Senate Appropriations Committee.

           Double referred  .  This bill is double-referred to the Assembly 
          Local Government Committee.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          State Controller John Chiang (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           








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          California Board of Accountancy (CBA)
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Angela Mapp / B.,P. & C.P. / (916) 
          319-3301