BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 229
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  April 27, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                                Cameron Smyth, Chair
                     AB 229 (Lara) - As Amended:  April 14, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :  Controller: audits

           SUMMARY  :  Expands the Controller's oversight over local 
          government auditing practices.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires the Controller to receive every annual financial 
            audit report prepared for any local agency, as specified, 
            including reports prepared in compliance with the federal 
            Single Audit Act of 1984 and required under any law to be 
            submitted to any state agency, and, after ascertaining its 
            compliance with that federal act, to transmit the report to 
            the designated state agency.

          2)Requires the audits specified above to comply with the 
            Government Auditing Standards issued by the Comptroller 
            General of the United States.

          3)Requires these audits to be made by a certified public 
            accountant (CPA), licensed by the California Board of 
            Accountancy (Board), and selected by the local agency from a 
            directory of CPAs maintained by the Controller which will be 
            published by the Controller not later than December 31 of each 
            year.

          4)Requires, in determining which CPAs shall be included in the 
            directory, the Controller to use the following criteria:

             a)   The CPAs or public accountants (PAs) shall be in good 
               standing as certified by the Board; and,

             b)   The CPAs or PAs, as a result of a quality control review 
               conducted by the Controller pursuant to this bill, shall 
               not have been found to have conducted an audit in a manner 
               constituting noncompliance with auditing standards and 
               reporting requirements of this bill, as specified.  In that 
               instance, if the CPA or PA had been included in the 
               directory, the CPA or PA shall be removed from the 
               directory until such time as the Board makes a 
               determination on the matter.  If the Board suspends, or 








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               revokes, or prohibits the licensee from performing audits 
               of local agencies, the CPA or PA shall be excluded from the 
               directory until such time as he or she is in good standing 
               with the Board.

          5)Prohibits, starting with the 2011-12 fiscal year, a public 
            accounting firm to provide audit services to a local agency if 
            the lead audit partner, or coordinating audit partner, having 
            primary responsibility for the audit, or the audit partner 
            responsible for reviewing the audit, has performed audit 
            services for that local agency in each of the six previous 
            fiscal years.

          6)Provides that the Controller may waive 5) above if he or she 
            finds that no otherwise eligible auditor is available to 
            perform the audit.

          7)Requires the governing board of each local agency to include 
            all of the following in its contracts for audits:

             a)   A provision to withhold 10% of the audit fee until the 
               Controller certifies that the audit report conforms to 
               specified reporting provisions;

             b)   A provision to withhold 50% of the audit fee for any 
               subsequent year of a multiyear contract if the prior year's 
               audit report was not certified as confirming to specified 
               reporting provisions.  This provision shall include a 
               statement that a multiyear contract shall be null and void 
               if a public accounting firm or independent auditor is 
               declared ineligible pursuant to provisions of this bill.  
               The amount withheld shall not be payable unless payment is 
               ordered by the Board or the audit report for that 
               subsequent year is certified by the Controller as 
               conforming to specified provisions of this bill; and,

             c)   A provision that will provide the Controller access to 
               audit working papers.

          8)Requires the Controller to develop a plan to review and report 
            on financial and compliance audits of local agencies, and 
            requires the Controller, in consultation with the Department 
            of Finance, and representatives of the League of California 
            Cities, the California State Association of Counties, the 
            California State Association of County Auditors, and the 








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            California Society of Certified Public Accountants, to propose 
            the content of, and adopt, an audit guide.

          9)Requires the audit reports submitted to the Controller to be 
            submitted within nine months after the end of the period 
            audited, or in accordance with applicable federal law.

          10)Allows the Controller to appoint a qualified CPA to complete 
            the report and to obtain information required, in the event 
            that an audit has not been submitted by a local agency to the 
            Controller on or before the due date.

          11)Requires that any cost incurred by the Controller to appoint 
            a qualified CPA to complete the report shall be borne by the 
            local agency and shall be a charge against any unencumbered 
            funds of the local agency.

          12)Requires the Controller, on an annual basis, to review and 
            monitor the audit reports performed by independent auditors, 
            and requires the Controller to determine whether the audit 
            reports conform with the reporting provisions of government 
            auditing standards and the audit guide, and notify each local 
            agency regarding each determination.

          13)Requires the independent auditor to correct his or her audit 
            report within 30 days of notification of any deficiency.

          14)Allows the Controller to suspend the independent auditor from 
            performing any local agency audits if the auditor does not 
            correct his or her audit report within 30 days of the 
            Controller's notification.

          15)Allows an auditor or audit firm having a portion of an audit 
            fee withheld because the Controller refuses to certify an 
            audit report, to file an appeal in writing to the Board.

          16)Requires the Board to complete an investigation of the appeal 
            within 90 days, and to do one of the following:

             a)   Order the Controller to provide notification that the 
               audit report conforms to the reporting provisions; 

               i)     If the Board orders the Controller to provide 
                 notification that the audit report conforms, the 
                 Controller shall notify the contracting local agency, 








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                 which shall then release the portion of the audit fee 
                 being withheld; or,

             b)   Schedule the appeal for a hearing, in which case the 
               final action on the appeal shall be completed by the Board 
               within one year from the filing date of the appeal.

          17)Requires the Controller to report to the Legislature by 
            January 31 of each year of the results of the Controller's 
            oversight activity, including the results of the Controller's 
            quality control reviews, and repeals this reporting 
            requirement as of December 31, 2015.

          18)Allows the Controller to perform quality control reviews of 
            audit working papers to determine whether audits are performed 
            in conformity with government audit standards and the local 
            agency audit guide, and requires the Controller to communicate 
            the results of the reviews to the Department of Finance, the 
            independent auditor, and the local agency for which the audit 
            was performed.

          19)Requires the Controller to develop and publish guidelines and 
            standards for reviews, prior to the performance of any quality 
            control reviews, and requires the Controller to provide an 
            opportunity for public comment.

          20)Requires the Controller to update the guidelines and 
            standards for any changes in audit standards.

          21)Specifies that the Controller is responsible for selecting 
            audits for review based on criteria, including, but not 
            limited to, disciplinary actions by the Board, results of the 
            Controller's review and monitoring of the audit reports, the 
            extent of findings in the audit reports issued by the 
            independent auditor, the number of audits of local agency 
            performed annually by the independent auditor, the independent 
            auditor's experience in performing audits of local agencies, 
            the complexity of state and federal programs administered by 
            the local agencies, and requests or leads from other sources.

          22)Requires the Controller to refer the case to the Board if the 
            quality control review indicates that the audit was conducted 
            in a manner that constitutes unprofessional conduct or 
            repeated failure to disclose noncompliant acts, and prohibits 
            the independent auditor from performing an audit of a local 








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            agency until such time as the Board resolves the matter.

          23)Provides that if the Board finds that the independent auditor 
            conducted an audit in an unprofessional manner, the Controller 
            may prohibit the independent auditor from performing any audit 
            of a local agency for the period during which the independent 
            auditor is not in good standing with the Board, in addition to 
            any other penalties that the Board may impose.


          24)Makes legislative findings and declarations.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires any nonfederal entity, defined as states, local 
            governments, or nonprofit organizations, that expends $500,000 
            or more in federal money to prepare an annual audit that meets 
            certain specifications and transmit that audit to specified 
            federal agencies.

          2)Requires the Controller to receive every audit report prepared 
            by any local public agency pursuant to the Single Audit Act 
            and to review those reports for compliance with federal law 
            before forwarding them to the designated state agency.

          3)Requires annual audits of local educational agencies (LEAs), 
            and requires those audit reports to be filed with the 
            applicable county superintendent of schools, the Department of 
            Education, and the Controller.  Among other requirements, LEA 
            audits must comply fully with the Government Auditing 
            Standards issued by the Comptroller General of the United 
            States, and must be made by a CPA or a PA licensed by the 
            Board and selected by the LEA from a directory of CPAs and PAs 
            deemed by the Controller as qualified to conduct audits of 
            LEAs.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :

          1)Current law requires local governments subject to federal 
            single audit requirements to send their annual audit reports 
            to the Controller for review and certification for compliance 
            with specified auditing standards.  This only includes local 
            agencies that expend more than $500,000 in federal funds.  AB 








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            229 broadens the categories of local entities whose audits 
            must be reviewed by the Controller to include cities, 
            counties, special districts and redevelopment agencies that 
            expend any amount of money.

            This bill adds a number of provisions that stipulate standards 
            and increase oversight of local agency audits.  All audits 
            must comply with federal government auditing standards and 
            must be performed by a Board-licensed CPA or PA that has been 
            selected by the local agency from a Controller-approved list 
            of qualified CPAs.  The Controller maintains a similar list 
            for school district audits.

            This bill also requires rotation of auditors every six years, 
            and requires audit contracts to include provisions for 
            withholding portions of the audit fee until the Controller 
            certifies the audit, or if the audit report fails to meet 
            specified reporting requirements.  Audit contracts must allow 
            the Controller to access audit working papers, which the 
            Controller can review for quality control.  

            Additionally the bill provides for a process for referring 
            cases to the Board if a quality control review indicates 
            unprofessional conduct or failure to report noncompliant acts, 
            and allows the Controller to suspend an auditor from 
            performing audits until the Board makes a determination. 

            The bill also gives other new duties to the Controller, 
            including the adoption of an audit guide, annual review of 
            audits for compliance, and notification by the Controller to 
            the local agency and its auditor of the findings.  The 
            Controller is required to report annually to the Legislature 
            on oversight activities until December 31, 2015.

          2)This bill is a result of the exposure of unethical and illegal 
            financial practices by numerous officials in the City of Bell, 
            which came to light in 2010.  The city's independent auditor 
            failed to report abuses such as excessive salaries, illegal 
            loans, and questionable fees.  In a series of audits of Bell's 
            finances, the Controller found that the independent auditor 
            failed to comply with 13 of 17 fieldwork auditing standards 
            and reported no significant deficiencies in any of the city's 
            funds.  

          3)According to the author's office, "the current statutory 








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            approach to protect taxpayers from waste, fraud and abusive 
            practices by local governments is not working as illustrated 
            by the Controller's Office audit findings in the City of Bell 
            and the County of Modoc where millions of state, federal, and 
            local dollars were misspent over several years."  
            Additionally, the author's office says that the "current 
            oversight system of 58 counties, 482 cities, and nearly 5,000 
            special districts lacks the authority and resources to 
            identify and investigate the types of issues that were found 
            in Bell and Modoc."

          4)The State Association of County Auditors (Association) has 
            expressed concerns over several of the bill's provisions.  
            First, AB 229 imposes a higher standard of auditing standards 
            than is already prescribed by the auditing profession, which 
            the Association believes will increase costs to local 
            agencies.  Additionally, the Association argues that there are 
            several provisions in the bill that seem duplicative of what 
            is already occurring, and the Association questions the 
            necessity of those provisions.  This includes the creation of 
            a Controller-approved directory of auditors when the Board 
            already has oversight of setting standards for obtaining and 
            retaining licensing for auditors, and the creation of a 
            secondary review process for quality control when there are 
            already regulations that provide for peer reviews.

          5)This bill was heard by the Committee on Business, Professions 
            and Consumer Protection, on April 12, 2011 where it passed on 
            a 9-0 vote.

          6)Support arguments:  The State Controller's office writes that 
            this bill is necessary because it will allow their office to 
            develop and implement a consistent system of oversight of 
            independent audits of local governments, similar to the one 
            used for independent audits of school districts.  The 
            provisions of the bill will increase accountability and 
            transparency of cities and counties throughout the state.

            Opposition arguments:  The California Board of Accountancy has 
            concerns about several provisions in this bill because the 
            bill undercuts some of the authority of the Board's 
            disciplinary process.  Specifically, by allowing the 
            Controller to suspend an accountant from performing any local 
            agency audit before the Board has held an administrative 
            hearing takes away the Board's authority.








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          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          State Controller John Chiang �SPONSOR]

           Concerns
           
          State Association of County Auditors

           Opposition 
           
          CA Board of Accountancy

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Debbie Michel / L. GOV. / (916) 
          319-3958