BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          Date of Hearing:   May 18, 2011

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                   AB 296 (Skinner) - As Amended:  April 25, 2011 

          Policy Committee:                              
          TransportationVote:8-5
                        Natural Resources                     6-3

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill establishes the Cool Pavements Research and 
          Implementation Act, to be implemented by Caltrans. Specifically, 
          this bill:

          1)Requires Caltrans, by January 1, 2015, to adopt a Cool 
            Pavements Handbook detailing testing protocols, standards, and 
            best practices for paving projects using a qualified cool 
            pavement for purposes of mitigating the heat island effect 
            (HIE).

          2)Requires Caltrans to implement one or more cool pavement pilot 
            projects to be completed by January 1, 2018 and to report the 
            results of the pilot projects to the Legislature.

          3)Authorizes Caltrans to enter into an agreement with the U.S. 
            Department of Transportation to coordinate implementation of 
            the above, including assessing the goals and costs of paving 
            materials and techniques.

          4)Requires Caltrans to adopt a strategy, through a public 
            process and through consultation with relevant state agencies, 
            to implement all of the above.

          5)Requires Caltrans to propose building standards, during the 
            next triennial adoption process of the state building code, 
            authorizing the use of cool pavements in the construction of 
            any exterior paved surface.

           FISCAL EFFECT  








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          Caltrans indicates that it lacks the technical expertise and 
          research capacity to accomplish the tasks required in this bill 
          and would thus have to contract for these services. Moreover, 
          Caltrans questions whether the handbook required is even 
          feasible given the current general knowledge and development of 
          this subject. In light of this situation, completing the 
          handbook could easily cost in excess of $1 million. Similarly, 
          cost to develop and propose building standards could be 
          significant.

          (The author's staff indicate it is not their intent to require 
          original research and that the handbook should be based on a 
          review of existing research and literature. They intend to 
          propose clarifying amendments.)


           COMMENTS  

           1)Background  . According to the Federal Environmental Protection 
            Agency (EPA), the term "heat island" refers to warmer urban 
            air and surface temperatures that result when natural 
            landscape is replaced with hardscape surfaces such as 
            pavement, buildings, and other infrastructure.  Studies 
            performed by the EPA and others have shown that the mean air 
            temperature of urban areas can be significantly warmer than 
            surrounding rural areas and that these warmer urban 
            temperatures can result in increased summertime peak energy 
            demand, air conditioning costs, air pollution, and greenhouse 
            gas emissions.  

           2)Purpose  . According to the author, the combination of excessive 
            heat and sunlight leading to HIE exacerbates health problems 
            via the production of ozone (smog) and that increased 
            temperatures indirectly produce emissions and increase energy 
            consumption due to increased demand for artificial cooling.  
            The author indicates this bill is intended to acknowledge that 
            paved surfaces contribute to HIE and to identify and implement 
            HIE-mitigating options.

            One of the primary methods thought to reduce HIE is the use of 
            cool pavements.  "Cool pavements" typically refers to paving 
            materials that reflect more solar energy, enhance water 
            evaporation, or have been otherwise modified to remain cooler 
            than conventional materials. At the present time, there is no 








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            official standard or labeling program to designate cool paving 
            materials to designate which materials perform best under 
            given circumstances.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081