BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 298
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 298 (Brownley, et al.)
          As Amended  March 30, 2011
          Majority vote 

           NATURAL RESOURCES   6-3         APPROPRIATIONS      10-5        
           
           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Chesbro, Brownley,        |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield, Charles |
          |     |Dickinson, Huffman,       |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,    |
          |     |Monning, Skinner          |     |Gatto, Hill, Lara, Mitchell, |
          |     |                          |     |Solorio                     |
          |     |                          |     |                            |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+----------------------------|
          |Nays:|Knight, Grove, Halderman  |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly, Nielsen,  |
          |     |                          |     |Norby, Wagner               |
           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Defines "reusable bag" and prohibits the sale of a 
          reusable bag unless it contains guidelines for cleaning and 
          disinfecting.  Specifically,  this bill:  

          1)Defines "reusable bag" as a bag with handles that a) has a 
            minimum lifetime of 125 uses, b) has a minimum volume of 15 
            liters, c) is made from materials that can be cleaned or 
            disinfected, d) does not contain lead, cadmium, or any other 
            heavy metal in toxic amounts, e) contains specific 
            manufacturing information about the bag and a statement that 
            the bag does not contain heavy metals in toxic amounts, and f) 
            is at least 2.25 mils thick if made of plastic. 

          2)Prohibits the sale or distribution of a reusable bag in the 
            state unless the reusable bag contains guidelines for cleaning 
            and disinfecting the bag.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes the At-Store Recycling Program to encourage the 
            use of reusable bags by consumers and retailers and to reduce 
            the consumption of single-use bags.

          2)Requires the operator of a store to make reusable bags 
            available to customers, which may be purchased and used in 
            lieu of a plastic carryout bag or paper bag.








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          3)Defines "reusable bag" as a bag made of cloth or other machine 
            washable fabric that has handles or a durable plastic bag with 
            handles that is at least 2.25 mils thick and is specifically 
            designed and manufactured for multiple reuses. 

          4)Defines "store" as a retail establishment that provides 
            plastic carryout bags to its customers as a result of the sale 
            of a product and is either a supermarket or has over 10,000 
            square feet of retail space and a pharmacy.

          5)Requires the operator of a store to establish an at-store 
            recycling program that provides an opportunity for a customer 
            to return clean plastic carryout bags.

          6)Allows a city, county, or the state to impose civil liability 
            for violating the requirements of the At-Store Recycling 
            Program laws.  Penalties range from $500 to $2,000 depending 
            on the number of previous violations.

          7)Sunsets the At-Store Recycling Program on January 1, 2013.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  AB 2449 (Levine) Chapter 845 of the Statutes of 2006, 
          established the At-Store Recycling Program to "encourage the use 
          of reusable bags by consumers and retailers and to reduce the 
          consumption of single-use bags."  The At-Store Recycling Program 
          seeks to accomplish this goal by requiring stores to make 
          reusable bags available to customers and to give customers the 
          opportunity to return their plastic carryout bags for recycling. 
           

          The negative environmental effects of single-use bags, 
          particularly plastic bags, are well documented.  Single-use 
          plastic bags are a significant contributor to litter and marine 
          debris in major part because of their light weight and expansive 
          nature, which makes them especially prone to blowing into 
          waterways.  An Ocean Conservancy report regarding the 2009 
          International Coastal Cleanup, which involved 498,818 volunteers 
          (82,365 from California) collecting 7.4 million pounds of marine 
          debris in one day, explains that plastic bags were the second 
          most collected marine debris item, next to cigarettes and 
          cigarette filters.  A 2005 report from the Los Angeles Bureau of 








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          Sanitation explains that two trash sorts, including one that 
          occurred during the 2004 Great Los Angeles River CleanUp, showed 
          that plastics, predominantly plastic bags, constituted the 
          single greatest component of urban litter in the Los Angeles 
          River.

          Reusable bags also have a lower overall environmental impact 
          than single-use bags.  According to a 2011 life-cycle assessment 
          report produced by the California State University Chico 
          Research Foundation (LCA Report), reusable plastic bags use less 
          energy, emit less pollution, release less greenhouse gases, and 
          create less solid waste than single-use plastic bags and 
          single-use paper bags when used more than eight times.  

          In growing numbers, local governments are adopting or seriously 
          considering plastic bag ordinances.  According to the author, 
          "as more California cities ban single use bags, more 
          Californians are turning to reusable bags.  These bags must be 
          clean and safe to use for the ultimate safety of the consumer 
          and the environment."

          A 2010 report from the Loma Linda University School of Public 
          Health found that consumers almost never wash their reusable 
          bags.  In tests, large numbers of bacteria were found in 
          reusable bags, including E. coli.  The report found that hand or 
          machine washing reduced the numbers of bacteria in reusable bags 
          by more than 99.9%.  As such, the report recommends requiring 
          printed instructions on reusable bags that advise washing 
          between uses.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Mario DeBernardo / NAT. RES. / (916) 
          319-2092 


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