BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 310
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 11, 2011

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                      AB 310 (Ma) - As Amended:  April 25, 2011 

          Policy Committee:                              HealthVote:12-6

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          Yes    Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill prohibits health plan contracts and health insurance 
          policies that cover outpatient prescription drugs from requiring 
          coinsurance for outpatient prescription drug benefits, and 
          imposes specified limitations on co-payments and out-of-pocket 
          expenses for outpatient prescription drugs.  Specifically, this 
          bill:

          1)Prohibits health plan contracts and health insurance policies 
            that cover outpatient prescription drugs from requiring 
            coinsurance for outpatient prescription drug benefits.

          2)Limits co-payments for an individual prescription drug to $150 
            for a one-month supply of a prescription.

          3)Requires, if a health plan contract or health insurance policy 
            provides for a limit on the annual out-of-pocket expenses for 
            an enrollee or insured, the enrollee's or insured's 
            out-of-pocket costs of covered prescription drugs to be 
            included in that limit.

          4)Makes this bill inoperative upon a determination by the 
            Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) or California 
            Department of Insurance (CDI) that its requirements exceed the 
            essential health benefits (EHBs) set forth in the federal 
            Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA).

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)According to the California Health Benefits Review Program 
            (CHBRP), estimated state costs of $11 million ($6.5 million 
            GF) to provide coverage to public employees through CalPERS 








                                                                  AB 310
                                                                  Page  2

            HMOs.  This bill would not apply to plans offered through 
            Medi-Cal or Healthy Families. 

          2)Increased employer-funded premium costs in the private 
            insurance market of approximately $153 million.

          3)Increased premium expenditures by employees and individuals 
            purchasing insurance $56 million. Increased costs are 
            estimated to be offset by a reduction in out-of-pocket costs 
            for policyholders of $189 million.

          4)Federal regulations implementing the federal health reform 
            law, the ACA, may impact the costs of this bill in future 
            years.  If it is determined that the requirements in this 
            mandate exceed the federally defined essential health benefits 
            (EHBs), this bill will become inoperative and thus will not 
            result in state costs.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale  . According to the author, the intent of this bill is 
            to reduce exorbitant coinsurance charges for expensive 
            "specialty tier" drugs that are used to treat rare conditions, 
            genetic disorders, and chronic conditions that without 
            treatment will lead to disability and death. The author notes 
            that, in 2006, federal Medicare Part D plans instituted a 
            fourth tier of prescription drugs known as "specialty tiers" 
            to provide plans with the ability to use coinsurance to share 
            the costs of the most expensive medications with the patient.  
            The author asserts that many private health plans and health 
            insurers have copied this model for the most expensive 
            medications, and require enrollees/insured to pay a percentage 
            of the cost through coinsurance.    

           2)Specialty tiers  . In a three-tiered prescription drug plan, 
            individuals pay the lowest co-pay for Tier 1 (generic drugs), 
            the next highest co-pay for Tier 2 (preferred drugs), and the 
            highest co-pay for Tier 3 (non-preferred or non-formulary 
            drugs).  For example, a plan might charge $10 for Tier 1, $25 
            for Tier 2, and $60 for Tier 3.   According to a recent report 
            by the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), 
            specialty drugs commonly placed in a fourth "specialty tier" 
            have prices that range from $5,000 to $300,000 annually, with 
            an average cost of over $20,000. Out-of-pocket spending on 
            medications generally does not count towards deductibles, 








                                                                  AB 310
                                                                  Page  3

            leaving pharmacy spending potentially uncapped in many cases. 

            Specialty drugs are primarily used to treat complex chronic 
            conditions, such as anemia, cancer, growth hormone deficiency, 
            hemophilia, hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid 
            arthritis.  They are more expensive to produce and no generic 
            or "biosimilar" (biologics with properties similar to existing 
            biologics) versions of them are available.
           
          3)Mandates and the Affordable Care Act (ACA)  .  The ACA creates 
            new state-run health insurance exchanges that will likely 
            provide coverage to millions of Californians beginning in 
            2014, and requires that health plans offered through an 
            exchange cover certain categories of benefits, called 
            Essential Health Benefits (EHBs). The federal Secretary of 
            Health and Human Services (HSS) is expected to publish 
            guidance later in 2011 and 2012 that will further define these 
            categories. These definitions will have important fiscal 
            implications for the state.  

            The ACA specifies that if states require plans in the exchange 
            to offer additional benefits that go beyond the defined EHBs, 
            then states must pay the additional cost related to those 
            mandates. At this time, there are a number of outstanding 
            questions related to how federally defined EHBs will interact 
            with state-level benefit mandates. 

            Federal law requires the EHB package to include coverage for 
            prescription drugs.  However, since the prescription drug 
            coverage has not yet been specified, it is unclear whether the 
            cost-sharing requirements in this bill will comply with or 
            exceed the federally defined benefits. If the bill was found 
            to exceed the federally defined benefits, its provisions would 
            become inoperative.

           4)Related Legislation  . AB 369 (Huffman) prohibits health plans 
            and health insurers that restrict medications for the 
            treatment of pain from requiring a patient to try and fail on 
            more than two pain medications before allowing the patient 
            access to the pain medication, or its generic equivalent, 
            prescribed by his or her physician.  AB 369 is pending on the 
            Suspense File of this Committee
           
          5)Other Mandates in the Current Session  . There are 14 health 
            mandates proposed this year, including AB 72. Other mandates 








                                                                  AB 310
                                                                  Page  4

            in the current session include: 

             a)   AB 137 (Portantino): Mammography
             b)   AB 154 (Beall): Mental Health Services
             c)   AB 171 (Beall): Autism
             d)   AB 185 (Hernandez): Maternity Services 
             e)   AB 310 (Ma): Prescription Drugs
             f)   AB 369 (Huffman): Pain Prescriptions 
             g)   AB 428 (Portantino): Fertility Preservation
             h)   AB 652 (Mitchell): Child Health Assessments
             i)   AB 1000 (Perea): Cancer Treatment
             j)   SB 136 (Yee): Tobacco Cessation
             aa)  SB 155 (Evans): Maternity Services
             bb)  SB 173 (Simitian): Mammograms
             cc)  SB 255 (Pavley): Breast Cancer

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Lisa Murawski / APPR. / (916) 319-2081