BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 375
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          Date of Hearing:   April 13, 2011

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON INSURANCE
                                 Jose Solorio, Chair
                 AB 375 (Skinner) - As Introduced:  February 14, 2011

           SUBJECT  :   Workers' compensation: presumptions

           SUMMARY  :  Provides that back or neck injuries, MRSA, and 
          blood-borne infectious diseases are presumed to be job related 
          if suffered or contracted by a hospital employee.  Specifically, 
           this bill  :  

          1)Specifies that the term "injury" as used in the workers' 
            compensation law with respect to specified hospital employees 
            shall include blood-borne infectious disease, neck or back 
            impairment, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 
            (MRSA), that develops or manifests itself during a person's 
            employment at a hospital.

          2)Provides that these diseases or conditions shall be presumed 
            to arise out of and in the course of employment.

          3)Allows the employer to dispute the presumption, requiring the 
            employer to prove by evidence that the disease or condition is 
            NOT related to employment.

          4)Specifies that the presumptions apply only to hospital 
            employees who provide direct patient care at an acute care 
            hospital.

          5)Extends to 180 days the period beyond separation from hospital 
            employment during which a hospital employee may rely on the 
            presumption relating to blood-borne infectious disease.

          6)Extends to 90 days the period beyond separation from hospital 
            employment during which a hospital employee may rely on the 
            presumption relating to MRSA or back and neck injuries.

          7)Contains Legislative findings and declarations in support of 
            the bill's proposals.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes a comprehensive system of workers' compensation 








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            benefits for injuries, including diseases, that arise out of 
            and in the course of employment.  The benefits include full 
            medical benefits to treat the injury or condition, 
            indemnification for temporary and permanent disability, and 
            death benefits, among other benefits.

          2)Requires in most cases that the employee establish that the 
            injury or condition underlying the claim arose out of and in 
            the course of employment.

          3)Provides safety officers (specified police, sheriff, and 
            firefighter employees) with a presumption that certain 
            injuries or conditions are related to employment.  These 
            conditions or injuries are more extensive than, but include, 
            the conditions included in this bill.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Insurance Committee 
          analysis of AB 664 (Skinner) of 2009 and AB 1994 (Skinner) of 
          2010, potential General Fund costs of several hundred million 
          dollars.  AB 375 is similar to, but identical to, AB 664 and AB 
          1994.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose  .  The author states that this bill is needed for the 
            following reasons:

            "According to U.S. Department of Labor, health care is the 
            second fastest growing sector of the United States economy, 
            employing over 12 million workers. Women represent nearly 80 
            percent of the health care work force.

            Registered nurses and hospital workers by the nature of their 
            work, which involves ill patients and medical equipment, are 
            in constant danger of being exposed to a variety of illnesses 
            and becoming injured by lifting and mobilizing patients and by 
            medical equipment.  Because of the physical nature of patient 
            care, California's aging nursing workforce, combined with 
            rising patient acuity and obesity, more work related injuries 
            to the neck and back and higher levels of exposure to 
            infectious diseases are occurring.  Each year thousands of 
            nurses, nursing aides, and health care workers sustain 
            musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) from manual lifting of 
            patients and residents. 









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            According to the 2009 Bureau of Labor Statistics, direct-care 
            registered nurses ranked 7th among all occupations for the 
            number of cases of MSDs resulting in days away from work 
            exceeding that of workers in construction, mining, and 
            manufacturing.
            Additionally, blood-borne diseases and methicillin-resistant 
            Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are contact work related hazards 
            for hospital employees.  In California health care acquired 
            infections in hospitals account for an estimated 200,000 
            infections and 12,000 deaths annually, according to the State 
            Department of Public Health. MRSA is increasingly infecting 
            hospital workers and their patients.  MRSA is one of the most 
            virulent types of antibiotic-resistant staph infections.  
            Although infection control measures help to stop the spread of 
            MRSA and other blood-borne diseases they do not eliminate the 
            job related threat of contracting MRSA or  other blood- borne 
            diseases completely."

           2)Presumption of compensability  .  Under current law, the only 
            employees (subject to two exceptions discussed below) who 
            receive the benefit of presumptions that injuries or 
            conditions are job-related are police and firefighters - 
            public safety employees.  This bill would extend this special 
            benefit to private sector employees, and to non-safety 
            employees.  The bill is therefore extending the concept of 
            presumptions in two novel respects.

          The two exceptions to the "only public employees" and "only 
            safety officers" rules for presumptions involve somewhat 
            unique circumstances.  In 2008, a small group of firefighters 
            who happen to be employed by a private contractor due to a 
            quirk in federal law were granted the same status with respect 
            to presumptions afforded public employee firefighters.  (SB 
            1271 (Cedillo), Statutes 2008, Chapter 747.)  The other 
            exception is for public employee lifeguards, and that 
            presumption is limited to skin cancer.  Cancer was the initial 
            condition where the notion of presumptions was applied.  The 
            policy is that it is a condition that intuitively is job 
            related, but due to the long latency period and uncertain 
            medical causation issues, difficult for the employee to prove.

           3)Support  .  Supporters point to the statistics surrounding 
            injuries to nurses and other hospital workers, including back 
            injuries and the consequences of disease due to needle pricks, 
            and argue that these employees are providing critical services 








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            to their communities and deserve the protection that a 
            presumption of compensability would afford them.

           4)Are claims being denied for these injuries ?  A presumption has 
            historically been adopted when employees have had difficulty 
            proving that the injury or condition at issue is job-related, 
            while at the same time it is intuitively logical that it is, 
            in fact, job-related.  The Committee has not received 
            information indicating that hospital workers suffering from 
            the conditions or injuries that the bill would presume to be 
            job-related have had difficulty in the workers' compensation 
            system establishing that the injuries or conditions were in 
            fact job-related.

           5)Opposition  .  The opponents argue that there is no rationale to 
            extend the concept of presumptions to employees who are not in 
            the traditional group - public safety officers - who have 
            received this special benefit due to the special dangers of 
            the work they do.  Because of the unique role that public 
            safety officers play in our society, they have historically 
            received several different and unique benefits, including 
            enhanced retirement rules, special disability retirement 
            rules, enhanced temporary disability rules, and presumptions 
            of compensability.  While these enhanced benefits may be 
            appropriate for public safety employees, it does not follow 
            that these rules should be expanded to other classes of 
            employee.  

          Opponents argue that there is no evidence that the normal rules 
            governing how injuries or conditions are proven to be 
            job-related are not working properly with respect to the 
            employees and the conditions being addressed by the bill.  

           6)Prior legislation  .  AB 664 (Skinner) of 2009 and AB 1994 
            (Skinner) of 2010 proposed similar provisions to AB 375, but 
            also included additional conditions to which the presumption 
            would apply, and, in some circumstances, longer 
            post-employment periods of time when the presumption would 
            apply.  AB 664 and AB 1994 were held on the Assembly 
            Appropriations Committee suspense file.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support  
          








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          California Nurses Association/National Nurses Organizing 
          Committee (Sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees 
          (AFSCME), AFL-CIO 
          CA Conference Board of the Amalgamated Transit Union
          CA Conference of Machinists
          CA Official Court Reporters Association 
          California Labor Federation
          California National Organization for Women
          California Professional Firefighters (CPF)
          California Teamers Public Affairs Council 
          Consumer Attorneys of California 
          Engineers and Scientist of California
          International Longshore and Warehouse Union
          Professional and Technical Engineers, Local 21
          San Bernardino Public Employees Association
          UNITE HERE!
          United Food and Commercial Workers - Western States Conference
          United Nurses Associations of California/Union of Health Care 
          Professionals (UNAC/UHCP)
          Utility Workers Union of America, Local 132
           
          Opposition 

           Acclamation Insurance Management Services
          Allied Managed Care
          Alpha Fund
          American Insurance Association (AIA)
          Association of California Healthcare Districts (ACHD)
          Association of California Insurance Companies (ACIC)
          California Association for Health Services at Home (CAHSAH)
          California Association of Joint Powers Authorities (CAJPA)
          California Chamber of Commerce (CalChamber)
          California Coalition on Workers' Compensation (CCWC)
          California Grocers Association (CGA)
          California Hospital Association (CHA)
          California Manufacturer & Technology Association
          California Special Districts Association (CSDA)
          California State Association of Counties (CSAC)
          County of San Bernardino 
          CSAC-Excess Insurance Authority (CSAC-EIA)
          Regional Council of Rural Counties (RCRC)
          Western Occupational and Environmental Medical Association 
          (WOEMA)
           








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          Analysis Prepared by  :    Mark Rakich / INS. / (916) 319-2086