BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 382
                                                                  Page 1

          Date of Hearing:  April 25, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                AB 382 (Nestande) - As Introduced:  February 14, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :  Air inspectors:  administrative and civil penalties

           SUMMARY  :  Requires air districts to provide a specified written 
          explanation prior to imposing an administrative or civil penalty 
          for a violation of air pollution law and make these explanations 
          available to the public.  Establishes a "code of conduct" for 
          inspectors acting on behalf of the Air Resources Board (ARB) or 
          any air district.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Designates the ARB as the air pollution control agency 
            responsible for the coordination of the activities of air 
            pollution control districts and air quality management 
            districts for the purposes of the federal Clean Air Act. 

          2)Requires air districts to adopt and enforce rules and 
            regulations to achieve and maintain the state and federal 
            ambient air quality standards in all areas affected by 
            non-vehicular emission sources under their jurisdiction. 

          3)Authorizes ARB and air districts to enforce air pollution 
            laws, including imposing administrative and civil penalties 
            for violations.

          4)Requires ARB to provide a specified written explanation prior 
            to imposing an administrative or civil penalty for a violation 
            of air pollution law, make these explanations available to the 
            public, annually report specified administrative penalties 
            imposed, and publish a penalty policy pertaining to vehicular 
            air pollution control.

           THIS BILL :

          1)Requires a written communication from an air district alleging 
            an administrative or civil penalty for violation of air 
            pollution law to contain a clear explanation of the following:

             a)   The manner in which the penalty amount was determined.








                                                                  AB 382
                                                                  Page 2


             b)   The law or regulation under which the penalty is being 
               assessed.

             c)   Whether the penalty is being assessed under a law that 
               prohibits a specified level of pollution, and if so, a 
               quantification of the specific amount of pollution emitted

          2)Requires an air district to make this information, and all 
            final mutual settlement agreements between the district and 
            the alleged violator, available to the public.

          3)Requires an inspector acting on behalf of ARB or a district to 
            follow a prescribed "code of conduct," including:

             a)   Act in a professional manner with honesty and integrity.

             b)   Perform all duties impartially and objectively without 
               undue influence.

             c)   Treat regulated businesses and individuals and the 
               public respectfully by being courteous at all times and in 
               all situations.

             d)   Exercise compassion, benevolence, and fairness during 
               the inspection or investigation and subsequent enforcement 
               proceedings.

             e)   Respond to regulated businesses and individuals and the 
               public in a manner that is complete, clear, and easy to 
               understand.

             f)   Assist regulated businesses and individuals and the 
               public in their dealings with the district or state board.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :

          Under current law, the ARB and/or local air districts are 
          authorized to impose civil or administrative penalties for a 
          variety of violations of state air pollution laws and 
          regulations.  The agencies and the courts are required to 
          consider several factors when determining the amount of an 
          administrative or civil penalty - including the harm to the 








                                                                  AB 382
                                                                  Page 3

          public, the compliance history of the defendant, preventative 
          efforts made by the defendant, and other factors.  

          Last year, SB 1402 (Dutton), Chapter 413, Statutes of 2010, was 
          enacted to require ARB, among other things, to provide a 
          specified written explanation prior to imposing an 
          administrative or civil penalty.  This bill would impose the 
          same requirement on air districts.  In addition, this bill would 
          require inspectors for both ARB and air districts to conduct 
          themselves in a specified manner.  According to the author:

               This bill establishes parity between ARB and local 
               districts in terms of enforcement by extending SB 1402 
               notification requirements to those entities.  This measure 
               also enacts a code of professionalism for ARB and local air 
               district inspectors. The inspectors of these respective 
               agencies are the face most businesses see when they are 
               inspected for violations. A code of professionalism can 
               help improve the inspection process and avoid conflicts 
               between inspectors and regulated entities?Affected 
               industries have lost confidence in and respect for these 
               entities as a result of the enforcement process, the 
               development of regulations, and the credibility of certain 
               reports and research. This bill is intended to help rebuild 
               that confidence.

          In opposition, the air districts and environmental groups 
          contend that this bill would undermine enforcement of air 
          quality laws, create a one-way discovery process biased in favor 
          of violators, and create an overly vague and highly subjective 
          code of conduct focused on upholding the interests of industry 
          over public health.  

          According to ARB last year, SB 1402 generally was consistent 
          with its enforcement practices and therefore did not impose a 
          significant burden.  However, this bill would apply to 35 air 
          districts and a much broader range of enforcement activities, 
          including very minor violations and issues that don't fit the 
          requirements of the bill, such as nuisance odor complaints.  The 
          requirements of the bill could impose an impractical burden for 
          routine enforcement activities and give rise to legal challenges 
          to enforcement actions on the basis of inconsequential 
          discrepancies or subjective judgments about an inspector's 
          behavior.









                                                                  AB 382
                                                                  Page 4

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None on file

          Opposition
           
          American Lung Association
          Bay Area Air Quality Management District
          Breathe California
          California Air Pollution Control Officers Association
          Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation
          Environmental Defense Fund
          Sierra Club California
          Union of Concerned Scientists
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :  Lawrence Lingbloom / NAT. RES. / (916) 
          319-2092