BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 450
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          Date of Hearing:  May 3, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                    AB 450 (Wieckowski) - As Amended:  May 2, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :   California State University.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires California State University (CSU) service 
          contractors to disclose and credit manufacturer rebates to CSU 
          campuses.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Provides that policies and procedures developed by the CSU 
            Trustees for the acquisition of services shall specify that 
            any direct or indirect rebates from a third party shall be 
            fully disclosed and credited to the campus or other unit of 
            the CSU, and be available for review as part of any audit, as 
            specified.

          2)Provides the CSU Trustees, in conjunction with the controller, 
            the right to examine, at reasonable times and upon reasonable 
            notice, the books, records and other compilations of data of 
            the services contractor that relate to the provisions and 
            requirements of all service contracts, including records 
            related to any rebates received by a contractor from a third 
            party as a consequence of, or incidental to, a contract.  

          3)Defines "services contractor" to include those providing food, 
            janitorial, laundry, maintenance, window cleaning or landscape 
            services.

          4)Defines "rebate" to include any return of monetary value 
            including, but not limited to, any volume discounts, 
            allowances, or discount purchase incentives. 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides the CSU Trustees broad powers to establish policies 
            and procedures governing the acquisition of services, 
            facilities, materials, goods, supplies, or equipment.  
            Requires the policies to include a competitive means for 
            obtaining best value while complying with legislative intent 
            regarding competitive bids or proposals as expressed in the 
            California Public Contracts Code (Education Code �89036).  









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          2)Authorizes the CSU Trustees to establish a process that allows 
            a campus to make payments directly to vendors and provides the 
            CSU Trustees authority to draw from appropriated funds  
            amounts necessary to make payments of obligations of the 
            university directly to vendors. Provides that payments in 
            excess of 10% of the fund total must be approved by the 
            Director of Finance (Government Code �12400.1).  

          3)Requires the CSU Trustees to contract with one or more public 
            accounting firms to conduct systemwide and individual campus 
            annual financial statement and compliance audits.  Requires 
            audits to test compliance with procurement procedures and the 
            integrity of the payments made (Government Code �12400.1).

          4)Requires every contract involving the expenditure of public 
            funds in excess of $10,000 by any public entity to be subject 
            to the examination and audit of the State Auditor for a period 
            of three years after final payment under the contract.  
            Requires every contract to contain a provision stating that 
            the contracting parties shall be subject to that examination 
            and audit (Government Code �8546.7).  
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   Background  :  According to the sponsor, food 
          manufacturers commonly give rebates for purchases from large 
          food service companies such as Sodexo, Chartwells, and Aramark.  
          In 2010, after significant controversy surrounding the amounts 
          of those rebates, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 
          enacted regulations requiring contractors under the 
          federally-subsidized school meals program to disclose all 
          discounts, rebates and other applicable credits received by the 
          contractor and to credit those rebates back to the school.  The 
          regulations are designed to ensure that the limited school meals 
          program resources are used as efficiently as possible and that 
          federal agencies are only paying "net costs".  After concerns 
          were raised that large food service vendors were not returning 
          all of the rebates received, the New York Attorney General 
          conducted an investigation revealing that, over a five-year 
          period beginning in 2004, Sodexo received significant rebates 
          from suppliers without acknowledging or passing the savings on 
          to these schools-in violation of the contracts between Sodexo 
          and the schools as well as state and federal laws.  In July of 
          2010, Sodexo agreed to pay New York $20 million to settle 
          complaints.  While federal regulations are in place to prohibit 








                                                                  AB 450
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          contractors from pocketing rebates from food manufacturers in 
          California's federally-subsidized K-12 district meals programs, 
          there appears to be no federal or state laws governing this 
          practice in California's higher education segments.  

           Purpose of this bill  :  According to the author, "There is no 
          specific law or policy in this area related to rebates nor are 
          there laws relating to the ability of the CSU Trustees or the 
          State Controller to examine a service contractor's books or 
          records to determine if the contractor is receiving off-invoice 
          rebates from its suppliers.  This bill will allow CSU to 
          determine if for example, food service companies are receiving 
          rebate payments for their food purchases on behalf of the 
          university and whether these rebate payments are being credited 
          back to the campus. The audit provisions will allow CSU to 
          discover if off-invoice rebates exist which may point to receipt 
          of rebates from suppliers to the contractor."

           Identified problem in California  :  Committee staff understands 
          that the USDA provision requiring food service rebates to be 
          credited to K-12 districts is one of many new federal 
          regulations relating to the federally-subsidized school meals 
          program.  The California Department of Education (CDE) and K-12 
          districts are in the process of implementing these new 
          regulations.  In addition to providing guidance and oversight of 
          K-12 school contracts with service providers, CDE is 
          implementing a Food Service Management Registry and prohibiting 
          schools from contracting with vendors that are not registered 
          with the state.  The extent to which this registry might provide 
          oversight of rebate credits is unclear.  While there is 
          currently no evidence of similar rebate abuses are occurring in 
          California, the author notes that abuses appear widespread and 
          that "other states such as Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and New 
          Jersey are pursuing similar cases to the one in New York."  

           CSU has this authority.   As previously noted CSU Trustees have 
          broad authority over campus procurement policies for services 
          and goods.  The CSU Policy Manual for Contracting and 
          Procurement contains detailed policies and procedures for 
          selecting contractors for goods and services.  While a complete 
          accounting of these policies is beyond the scope of this 
          analysis, it is important to note that these policies and 
          procedures are generally designed to ensure responsible 
          contractors and the best price/value for CSU and contracts of 
          greater than $50,000 require a competitive bidding process.  








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          It is unclear to what extent service contractors, when 
          attempting to achieve the lowest possible bid on a contract, 
          assume rebate savings in their bid amount.   The author 
          indicates that contracts, particularly in the area of food 
          service, contain provisions requiring campuses to pay (in 
          addition to the service contract price) the actual cost of goods 
          such as food products and cleaning supplies.  The author argues 
          that contractors are passing along these costs without factoring 
          in manufacturer rebates.  Committee staff was unable to 
          ascertain the degree to which CSU service contracts already 
          include or exclude these "hard" costs.  It appears that, under 
          existing law, CSU has the authority to enact provisions 
          requiring contractors to credit manufacturer rebates to 
          campuses.  

          Additionally, in regards to auditing contractors, existing law 
          provides that for all contracts in excess of $10,000, the 
          Contractor must agree to be subject to an audit by the Office of 
          the University Auditor and the State Auditor for matters 
          connected with the performance of the contract.  It appears that 
          this provision would allow CSU and the State Auditor to examine 
          manufacturer rebates related to the services/goods provided in 
          the contract.       

           Why apply this only to CSU  ?  As previously noted, this bill is 
          only applicable to CSU.  The rationale behind limiting the 
          provisions of this proposal to CSU is unclear.  If, as the 
          author indicates, the rebate abuses are widespread should this 
          bill be made applicable to CCC and UC?  

           Definition of contractor  :  As previously noted, this bill would 
          define "service contractor" to include "a contractor providing 
          food, janitorial, laundry, maintenance, window cleaning, or 
          landscape services."  While implementation may be easier for 
          services such as janitorial or landscape where CSU is likely 
          paying the contractor directly, the applicability of this 
          definition in the area of food is less clear.  In addition to 
          cafeteria plans provided to students by CSU, would this 
          definition also include all food vendors, for example a 
          fast-food restaurant contracted to operate inside of a student 
          union where the student is paying the food costs?             

           Alternative approach  :  This bill responds to an assumption that 
          widespread abuses of manufacturer rebates are occurring in CSU 








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          service contracts.  At this point, the Committee has not been 
          provided with evidence to support this assumption.  The author 
          and committee may wish to consider whether a more appropriate 
          first step would be to require an examination into the use of 
          manufacturer rebates in service contracts. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Service Employees International Union

           Opposition 
           
          None on File
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Laura Metune / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960