BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 527
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 527 (Roger Hernández)
          As Amended 
           May 17, 2011       
          Majority vote 

           LOCAL GOVERNMENT    5-0         APPROPRIATIONS      12-1        
           
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          |Ayes:|Alejo, Bradford, Campos,  |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Davis, Hueso              |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |                          |     |Charles Calderon, Campos, |
          |     |                          |     |Davis,                    |
          |     |                          |     |Gatto, Hall, Hill, Lara,  |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell,                 |
          |     |                          |     |Solorio                   |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |Nays:|Norby                     |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits state, county, district, judicial district, 
          and city officers or employees from authorizing the expenditure 
          of public funds, or approve or recommend approval of any 
          project, plan, permit, or conveyance of land, regardless of 
          whether a contract is made in furtherance of the expenditure, 
          project, plan, permit, or conveyance, if any member of the body 
          or board is financially interested in the transaction by virtue 
          of independent contracting by the individual or nongovernmental 
          entity receiving either public funds or an entitlement.  
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Declares a city officer or employee for purposes of these 
            provisions includes elected and appointed officials of the 
            governing body and any subordinate board or commission, a city 
            attorney, a city manager, and a department head and does not 
            include an individual in a nonsupervisory or nonmanagerial 
            position who is directed by a department head.

          2)Requires an officer who discloses his or her interest in a 
            contract involving the body or board in order to be deemed not 
            interested in that contract to disclose that interest at a 
            public meeting of that body or board and requires counsel or 








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            another legal advisor of the body or board to identify a 
            statutory basis for classifying the interest as remote at a 
            public meeting 
          of the body or board.

          3)Requires a member of a body or board that is financially 
            interested in the expenditure of public funds or the approval 
            of a project, plan, permit, or conveyance of land to be 
            punished with a fine of not more than $1,000 or by 
            imprisonment in state prison, and to be forever disqualified 
            from holding any office in this state.

          4)Declares these provisions to be a statewide concern and 
            applicable to charter cities and charter counties.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Prohibits, under conflict of interest provisions, members of 
            the Legislature, as well as state, county, district, judicial 
            district, and city officers or employees from being 
            financially interested in any contract made by them in their 
            official capacity, or by any body or board of which they are a 
            member.

          2)Requires a government officer to not be deemed to be 
            interested in a contract entered into by a body or board of 
            which the officer is a member if the officer has only a 
            "remote interest," as defined, in the contract before the 
            body.  Requires, however, the remote interest be disclosed to 
            the body or board which the officer is a member and noted in 
            its official records, and thereafter that the body or board 
            authorizes, approves, or ratifies the contract in good faith 
            by a vote of its membership, without counting the vote or 
            votes of the officer or member with the remote interest.  

          3)Enumerates the circumstances that would lead to characterizing 
            an interest as remote.

          4)Requires anyone who violates any conflict of interest 
            provision to be punished with a fine of not more than $1,000 
            or by imprisonment in the state prison, and to be forever 
            disqualified from holding any office in this state

          5)Prohibits, under the Political Reform Act of 1974 (PRA), any 








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            public official at any level of state or local government from 
            making, participating in making, or in any way attempting to 
            use his or her official position to influence a governmental 
            decision in which he or she knows or has reason to know he or 
            she has a financial interest.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, unknown, likely negligible, nonreimbursable local law 
          enforcement costs.

           COMMENTS  :  Under existing law, conflict of interest provisions 
          generally prohibit a government official, in his or her official 
          capacity, from participating in the making of any contract in 
          which the official has a financial interest.  At the same time, 
          however, existing law provides a number of exemptions to this 
          general rule where the member's interest is deemed sufficiently 
          "remote" and is properly disclosed and noted in the official 
          record.  These exemptions generally reflect the fact that 
          officials who serve on various public entities may occasionally 
          have associations with private entities with whom the public 
          entity may wish to contract.  Rather than impose a complete ban 
          on such contracts - which might severely limit the public 
          agencies contracting options - existing law attempts to create 
          safeguards that will eliminate any potential conflicts of 
          interest.

          The PRA was approved by the voters in 1974 to regulate and 
          require disclosure of campaign contributions and expenditures, 
          candidates' and office holders' income, conflicts of interest, 
          and lobbying activities.  Among its provisions is the 
          requirement no public official, including officials at any level 
          of local government, from using his or her official position to 
          influence a governmental decision in which he or she knows or 
          has to reason know he or she has a financial interest.  

          The PRA defines a financial interest as existing if it is 
          reasonably foreseeable the decision will have a material 
          financial effect, distinguishable from the effect on the general 
          public, on the official or a member of his or her immediate 
          family.  It further specifies a financial interest exists if the 
          decision has a material effect on any business entity or real 
          property in which the public official has a direct or indirect 
          investment worth $2,000 or more; any source of income, other 
          than gifts or loans, aggregating $500 or more provided to (or 








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          received by, or promised to) the public official within 12 
          months prior to the time of the decision; a donor of gifts 
          aggregating $250 or more to the public official within the 12 
          months prior to the time of the decision; or, any business 
          entity in which the public official is a director, officer, 
          partner, trustee, employee, or holds any position of management.

          Any person who knowingly or willfully violates a provision of 
          the PRA is guilty of a misdemeanor, faces a monetary penalty, 
          and is barred from being a candidate for any elective office or 
          act as a lobbyist for four years following the date of 
          conviction.

          According to the author, this bill helps restore the public's 
          faith in government by ensuring those who are given 
          decision-making powers do so in an ethical way.  The author 
          points to recent examples of where local governments approved 
          the expenditure of public funds to persons or entities that had 
          financially interested relationships with members of the 
          legislative bodies of the local government or its employees.

          The author singles out the corruption charges for the City of 
          Bell's City Manager Robert Rizzo, whose partner in a 
          horse-racing venture was eventually awarded $10.4 million in 
          business contracts from the city.  And, in the City of    
          Whittier, Councilmember Bob Henderson was investigated in 2010 
          for violating state conflict-of-interest laws when he voted to 
          approve the city's lease with Matrix Oil Company so that they 
          could drill into oil fields after Mr. Henderson received 
          royalties from the company for the mineral rights to his house.  


          Mr. Rizzo's case of misappropriation was eventually dismissed, 
          and Mr. Henderson was cleared of violating conflict-of-interest 
          laws because current law did not prohibit their actions.  The 
          author says this bill would remedy these situations, especially 
          at a time when the public's approval rating for elected 
          officials is at an all-time low.  

          This bill would prevent a body or board of the state, a county, 
          a district, or a judicial district from approving an expenditure 
          of public funds or approving or recommending approval of any 
          project, plan, permit, or conveyance of land if any member of 
          the body or board is financially interested.  It would not be 








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          enough that the individual member of the body or board recuses 
          himself or herself from participating in the decision.  The 
          entire body or board would be prohibited from engaging in any 
          expenditure of public funds or from approving a project, plan, 
          permit, or conveyance of land.  The Legislature may wish to 
          consider whether this ban would create unnecessary gridlock on 
          all levels of government in the state.

          Also, this bill would require the state's, county's, district's, 
          judicial district's, and city's legal counsel to identify a 
          statutory basis for classifying a financial interest as remote 
          at a public meeting of the body or board.  This new requirement 
          under conflict of interest provisions would seemingly appear to 
          hold legal counsel liable for the financial interest of the 
          officer.  For instance, if legal counsel did not adequately 
          identify the financial interest, legal counsel would face a 
          penalty of prison time, a fine of not more than $1,000, and 
          lifetime banishment from holding public office.  Legal counsel 
          already is regulated by the California State Bar for malpractice 
          and ethics violations so the Legislature may wish to consider 
          whether it is necessary to add a new layer of liability to these 
          attorneys.

          Support arguments:  Supporters might say not allowing a 
          governing body to approve any contract where one of the members 
          of the governing body has a declared financial interest in the 
          contract provides accountability.

          Opposition arguments:  Opposition, Association of California 
          School Administrators, say 
          this bill will slow down the operations of school districts and 
          require them to expend more money by forcing school districts to 
          pay for additional attorneys fees.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Jennifer Klein Baldwin / L. GOV. / 
          (916) 319-3958 



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