BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 532|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 532
          Author:   V. Manuel Pérez (D)
          Amended:  8/30/11 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  6-2, 6/29/11
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Alquist, Hancock, Liu, Price, Simitian
          NOES:  Blakeslee, Huff
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Runner, Vargas, Vacancy

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-3, 8/25/11
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Pavley, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Emmerson, Runner

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  51-26, 6/2/11 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Pupil assessments

           SOURCE  :     California Association for Bilingual Education
                      California Together Coalition


           DIGEST  :    This bill, beginning July 1, 2012, modifies the 
          states assessment and accountability system as it pertains 
          to English learner students.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law establishes the Standardized 
          Testing and Reporting (STAR) Program for the purpose of 
          measuring the degree to which pupils are achieving the 
          state's academic content and performance standards.  The 
          STAR Program consists of four key components:  the 
                                                           CONTINUED





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          California Standards Tests (CSTs), the California Modified 
          Assessment (CMA) for grades three through eight, the 
          California Alternate Performance Assessment, and the 
          Standards-based Tests in Spanish.  All students in grades 
          2-11 participate in the STAR program, including students 
          with disabilities and students who are English learners.  

          Existing law requires the Department of Education (CDE) to 
          develop and adopt primary language assessments, in the 
          dominant primary language of English learners that are 
          aligned to the state academic content standards for 
          reading/language arts and mathematics.  The primary 
          language assessments developed pursuant to this statute are 
          STS.  

          Existing law requires Spanish-speaking English learners 
          enrolled in grades 2 through 11 who receive instruction in 
          their primary language or who have been enrolled in public 
          school in the United States for less than 12 months to take 
          the STS.  Students who take the STS are also required to 
          take the CSTs and/or CMA appropriate to their grade level.  
          School districts have the option of administering the STS 
          to Spanish-speaking English learners who have been in 
          school in the United States 12 or more months or who are 
          not receiving instruction in Spanish.  English learners 
          whose primary language is not Spanish do not take the STS.  


          Existing law SB 1X5 (Steinberg), Chapter 2, Statutes of 
          2010, Fifth Extraordinary Session, provides for the 
          statewide pupil assessment program (which includes the STAR 
          program) to become inoperative on July 1, 2013, and 
          expresses the intent of the Legislature that the 
          reauthorization of the statewide pupil assessment system 
          include specified elements, including a plan for 
          transitioning to a system of high-quality assessments.  SB 
          1X5 also establishes an Academic Content Standards 
          Commission to develop academic content standards in 
          language arts and mathematics that will be internationally 
          benchmarked and at least 85 percent the same as the 
          national standards being developed by the Common Core State 
          Standards Initiative. 

          Existing law establishes the Public School Performance 







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          Accountability Program under which the Superintendent of 
          Public Instruction (SPI), with approval of the State Board 
          of Education, is required to develop an Academic 
          Performance Index (API) to measure the performance of 
          schools. The API was proposed as a means of combining 
          multiple indicators of school performance into one 
          easy-to-compare index.  The API is required to consist of a 
          variety of indicators including, but not limited to, the 
          results of the achievement test, attendance rates for 
          pupils in elementary schools, middle schools, and secondary 
          schools, and the graduation rates for pupils in secondary 
          schools.  Current law also requires that the results of the 
          CSTs and the California High School Exit Exam constitute at 
          least 60 percent of the API. 

          This bill:

          1.Requires any successor system to the state assessment 
            system to include accommodations and variations for 
            limited English proficient pupils, as specified, and 
            requires the SPI, in consultation with persons with 
            demonstrated experience, to determine the accommodations 
            and variations to be used.

          2.Requires any primary language assessment developed by CDE 
            and administered to limited English proficient pupils to 
            be considered for inclusion in the state's assessment 
            system or any successor system and in any measure or 
            index used for state and federal accountability purposes.

          3. The primary language assessment, developed pursuant to 
            this bill, shall meet the requirements regarding 
            validity, reliability, and comparability, as specified by 
            the testing standards jointly developed by the American 
            Educational Research Association, the American 
            Psychological Association, and the National Council on 
            Measurement in Education.

          4.Consistent with current law requirements, authorizes 
            pupils identified as limited English proficient and who 
            either receive instruction in their primary language or 
            have been enrolled in a U.S. school for less than 12 
            months to take the primary language assessment.








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          5.Requires any existing advisory committee, work group, 
            task force, or technical assistance group that is 
            operating on or after July 1, 2012, that is either 
            required by the Legislature or the Governor, or 
            established by the SPI or the SBE, to provide state or 
            federal assessment or accountability systems, to provide 
            recommendations to the SPI and the SBE on all of the 
            following:

             A.    Whether to include primary language assessments 
                and their scores in the state's systems of assessment 
                and in any successor state or federal systems of 
                assessment and accountability.

             B.    How to include the accommodations and variations 
                in the state's successor assessment system, as 
                specified.
             C.    How to include data on pupils who are English 
                learners, their program of instruction, and their 
                English proficiency level as determined by the 
                California English Language Development Test in the 
                current state system of public school accountability, 
                or any successor system.

             D.    Whether to include disaggregated scores, based on 
                limited-English-proficient pupils, 
                fluent-English-proficient pupils, and 
                limited-English-proficient pupils who have been 
                redesignated in the current state system of public 
                school accountability or any successor system.

           Comments
           
           Significant population  .  English learners constitute 
          approximately 24 percent of the total enrollment in 
          California public schools.  A majority of English learners 
          (68 percent) are enrolled in the elementary grades, K-6, 
          with 31 percent enrolled in the secondary grades, 7-12.  In 
          2009-10, over 1.6 million students had indicated that a 
          language other than English was spoken at home and were 
          administered a test of English language proficiency.

           What kinds of accommodations/modifications  ?  Similar 
          versions of this bill have delineated specific examples of 







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          accommodations/modifications.  These have included 
          bilingual glossaries, the ability to explain and repeat 
          test questions at the request of a student, and translation 
          of test directions.  This bill leaves it to the SPI, in 
          consultation with persons experience in developing academic 
          assessments for English learners, to determine what 
          accommodations are appropriate.

           Prior Legislation

           SB 930 (Ducheny), 2009-10 Session, was similar to this 
          bill.  Passed the Senate with a vote of 6-2.  The bill was 
          subsequently vetoed by the Governor, whose message read, in 
          pertinent part:

            "The State Board of Education recently adopted the 
            Common Core standards, with additions from California's 
            existing standards.  In anticipation of a newly 
            realigned assessment and accountability system, this 
            bill is premature.  This bill would require the 
            inclusion of additional components involving primary 
            language assessments, in the current, and any future, 
            assessment and accountability systems.  This has the 
            potential to conflict with any of the anticipated 
            larger federal or state efforts on assessments and 
            accountability.

            "Ultimately, I continue to believe that schools should 
            remain focused on providing English Learners with the 
            necessary instruction and support to become English 
            proficient.  As an immigrant myself, I believe strongly 
            that learning English as quickly as possible is 
            essential to success in this state and this country.  
            Therefore, I want to ensure that there are no 
            disincentives in our school system to achieving that 
            goal for our English Learner student population."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)








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           Major Provisions                     2011-12     2012-13    
           2013-14          Fund  

          English learner assessments----Substantial cost 
          pressure----                    General

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/30/11)

          California Association for Bilingual Education (co-source)
          Californians Together Coalition (co-source)
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          California School Boards Association
          California Teachers Association
          Disability Rights California
          Los Angeles Unified School District - Staff

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, 
          California's current assessment system does not provide 
          valid, reliable or accurate data as to the academic 
          performance of students who are English learners.  
          Additionally, California's accountability system does not 
          include in the Academic Performance Index calculation, the 
          scores of the primary language students enrolled in a 
          public school for less than a year or of English learner 
          students enrolled in a bilingual program.  The author's 
          office believes that this has led to the misidentification 
          of schools with significant English learner enrollment as 
          "low performing" and has also led to the misidentification 
          of these students as academically "low-performing."  With 
          the development of new assessments based upon the common 
          core standards and as the federal accountability system is 
          reauthorized, the author's office believes it is an 
          opportune time to address how English learners will be 
          included and accommodated in any new accountability and 
          assessment systems in California and to ensure that the 
          assessment system is fair and provides valid, accurate, and 
          reliable data on English learners.


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  51-126, 6/2/11
          AYES: Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Beall, Block, 
            Blumenfield, Bonilla, Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, 







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            Butler, Charles Calderon, Campos, Carter, Cedillo, 
            Chesbro, Davis, Dickinson, Eng, Feuer, Fong, Fuentes, 
            Furutani, Galgiani, Gatto, Gordon, Hayashi, Roger 
            Hernández, Hill, Huber, Hueso, Huffman, Lara, Bonnie 
            Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Mitchell, Monning, Pan, Perea, V. 
            Manuel Pérez, Portantino, Skinner, Solorio, Swanson, 
            Torres, Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, John A. Pérez
          NOES: Achadjian, Conway, Cook, Donnelly, Fletcher, Beth 
            Gaines, Garrick, Grove, Hagman, Halderman, Harkey, 
            Jeffries, Jones, Knight, Logue, Mansoor, Miller, Morrell, 
            Nestande, Nielsen, Norby, Olsen, Silva, Smyth, Valadao, 
            Wagner
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Bill Berryhill, Gorell, Hall


          CPM:do  8/30/11   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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