BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                 Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations
                                 Ted W. Lieu, Chair

          Date of Hearing: June 22, 2011               2011-2012 Regular 
          Session                              
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                   Fiscal:Yes
                                                       Urgency: No
          
                                   Bill No: AB 551
                                   Author: Campos
                          Version: As Amended June 15, 2011
          

                                       SUBJECT
          
             Public contracts: prevailing wage requirements: violations.


                                      KEY ISSUE

          Should the Legislature increase penalties for failing to pay 
          prevailing wages on public works projects and failing to provide 
          payroll records in a timely manner, as well as create a process 
          for debarment for failing to follow the laws governing public 
          works contracts?
          

                                       PURPOSE
          
          To stiffen penalties and consequences in order to encourage 
          compliance with public works laws and the payment of the 
          prevailing wage.


                                      ANALYSIS
          
           Existing law  requires that, on public works projects in excess 
          of $1,000, the relevant prevailing wage must be paid to all 
          workers employed on the project.  (Labor Code �1771)

           Existing law  requires that body awarding any contract for public 
          work must obtain the general prevailing rate of per diem wages 
          and the general prevailing rate for holiday and overtime work in 
          the locality in which the public work is to be performed for 
          each craft, classification, or type of worker needed to execute 
          the contract from the Director of Industrial Relations.  (Labor 









          Code �1773)

           Existing law  provides a hearing process in the event a 
          contractor or subcontractor is accused of failing to pay 
          appropriate wages to his or her employees.  If found guilty, the 
          contractor or subcontractor is required to pay the unpaid wages, 
          plus interest, as well as liquidated damages in the amount of 
          the unpaid wages if the amount goes unpaid for 60 days.  (Labor 
          Code �� 1741, 1742, and 1742.1)

           Existing law  additionally requires that a contractor or 
          subcontractor pay the following penalties to the state or 
          political subdivision:

             1)   A minimum of $10 for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               rate, unless the failure to pay was in good faith and, if 
               so, the error was promptly and voluntarily corrected when 
               brought to the attention of the contractor or 
               subcontractor;

             2)   A minimum of $20 for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               rate, if the contractor or subcontract has been assessed 
               penalties within the previous three years for failing to 
               pay prevailing wage; and,

             3)   A minimum of $30 for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               if the Labor Commissioner finds that the violation was 
               willful.

          These penalties  are capped at of $50  for each calendar day, or 
          portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing 
          wage.  (Labor Code � 1775)

           Existing law  also requires each contractor or subcontractor to 
          keep accurate payroll records which include each employee's 
          personal information, hours worked, and wages paid.  (Labor Code 
          � 1776)

           Existing law  provides that if the payroll records are requested 
          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                             AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 2

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          by the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement (DLSE), the 
          Division of Apprenticeship Standards or the awarding body, then 
          the contractor or subcontractor has 10 days to comply.  If the 
          contractor or subcontractor fails to comply, then he or she must 
          pay  $25 for each calendar day  , or portion thereof, until strict 
          compliance is effectuated.  (Labor Code � 1776)
           
          Existing law  requires that the Labor Commissioner, not less than 
          semiannually,  publish and distribute to awarding bodies a list 
          of contractors who are ineligible to bid on or be awarded a 
          public works contract, or to perform work as a subcontractor on 
          a public works project.  (Labor Code � 1777.1)
           
          This bill  would increase the penalties due to the state or 
          political subdivision as follows:

             1)   A minimum of  $40  for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               rate unless the failure to pay was in good faith and, if 
               so, the error was promptly and voluntarily corrected when 
               brought to the attention of the contractor or 
               subcontractor;

             2)   A minimum of  $80  for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               rate, if the contractor or subcontract has been assessed 
               penalties within the previous three years for failing to 
               pay prevailing wage; and,

             3)   A minimum of  $120  for each calendar day, or portion 
               thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing wage 
               if the Labor Commissioner finds that the violation was 
               willful.

          These penalties  are capped at of $100  for each calendar day, or 
          portion thereof, for each worker paid less than the prevailing 
          wage.

           This bill  would also increase the penalty for failing to provide 
          payroll records in a timely manner to  $100 for each calendar 
          day  , or portion thereof, until strict compliance is effectuated.
           
          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                            AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 3

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          This bill  also requires that if a contractor or subcontractor 
          fails to produce certified payroll records within 30 days of 
          receipt of the written notice, the contractor or subcontractor 
          may be prohibited from bidding on, being awarded, or performing 
          work on a public works project for a minimum of one year and a 
          maximum of three years, unless the failure was due to events 
          beyond the contractor or subcontractor's control.

           This bill  prohibits a contractor or subcontractor from 
          performing a public works project  for three years  when the 
          contractor or subcontractor has committed two or more separate 
          willful prevailing wage violations within a three year period.

           This bill  would require that the Labor Commissioner put the 
          names of ineligible contractors for public works projects on the 
          commissioner's website, rather than published and distributed, 
          and that this be done at least annually.  The Labor Commissioner 
          must also notify the Contractors' State License Board when the 
          list is updated.

           This bill  would also require that the Labor Commissioner added 
          to the above-described list any contractor who is issued a 
          debarment order and the commissioner.   


                                      COMMENTS

          
          1.  Need for this bill?

            According to the author, contractors are not deterred by the 
            current penalties assessed for violating the state's 
            prevailing wage law. The author states that the existing 
            penalties are too low and have not been raised or amended in 
            years.  

            The Bureau of Field Enforcement (BFE) investigates complaints 
            arising from violations of the state's prevailing wage laws 
            and conducts payroll audits on behalf of California's workers 
            for back wages owed. According to the 2009 Annual Report on 
            the Effectiveness of Bureau of Field Enforcement, BFE opened 
            1,352 new cases involving prevailing wage violations. In 
          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                             AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 4

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            addition, a total of $10,785,730 in back wages were found due 
            to workers. Of the $4,539,501 in penalties that BFE issued in 
            2009, $839,123 has been collected in that year.

            In addition, the 2009 BFE Report notes that the Labor 
            Commissioner signed Orders Debarment for nine contractor 
            companies and their principles; the highest known number of 
            debarments in a single year. The 2009 BFE Report also state 
            that DSLE initiated debarment actions against three additional 
            contractors and their principles for several Labor Code 
            violations, including the failure to pay correct prevailing 
            wage rates. 


          2.  Possible Amendments:  

            As discussed above, current law creates a structure of minimum 
            and maximum penalties due to the state or a subdivision of the 
            state for failing to pay prevailing wages.  This bill seeks to 
            quadruple the minimum penalties, but only doubles the maximum 
            penalties.  The end result is that this bill has set a $120 
            minimum penalty for willfully failing to pay prevailing wages, 
            but set the maximum penalty amount to $100, creating a 
            contradiction within the bill. 

            The Committee may wish to increase the maximum penalty amount 
            set on page 2, line 6 to $200, which would remove this 
            contradiction and follow the precedential structure of 
            existing law.

          3.  Proponent Arguments  :
            
            The sponsor of this bill, State Building and Construction 
            Trades Council of California (SBCTCC) argue that this bill 
            will deter contractors from simply treating the current 
            minimal fines levied for abuses of the prevailing wage as a 
            cost of doing business.  SBCTCC asserts that the penalties for 
            failing to provide certified payroll records in a timely 
            manner upon request from a state agency are ineffective and 
            hinder the ability of the state to investigate claims of wage 
            violations by unscrupulous employers.  In addition, SBCTCC 
            writes that making it easier for the state to bar unscrupulous 
          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                             AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 5

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            contractors from bidding on public works projects for three 
            years and increasing the monetary fines for other violations 
            will put teeth back into the enforcement of state law.  

            The Association of California Construction Managers (ACCM) 
            supports the general concept of the bill, but believes that a 
            penalty could still be levied in the event of a good faith 
            error.  ACCM would like to see an amendment that the maximum 
            fine would be $50 if the violation was due to a good faith 
            mistake.

          4.  Opponent Arguments  :

            The Western Electrical Contractors Association (WECA) opposes 
            the bill because the organization "is strongly opposed to 
            prevailing wage penalties in general because almost all the 
            prevailing wage violations it sees are the result of 
            inadvertent clerical errors or good faith disputes over the 
            law or facts."  WECA states that the Division of Labor 
            Standards Enforcement "uses the potential of imposing onerous 
            penalties to force unreasonable settlements, and private 
            parties use the prospect of penalties in civil cases and class 
            action lawsuits to drive unwarranted settlements."  WECA 
            argues that these penalties put many companies in financial 
            jeopardy, and are either unnecessary or should be limited to 
            violations that lack a good faith defense, adding that the 
            federal Davis-Bacon act is strongly enforced without penalties 
            of any sort.





          5.  Prior Legislation  :

            SB 45 (Padilla) of 2009 would have increased the penalty on 
            contractors that willfully violate the prevailing wage law and 
            permanently debarred such contractors from competing with 
            law-abiding contractors.  This bill was vetoed by Governor 
            Schwarzenegger.  

            AB 2002 (de Leon) of 2008 would have increased the penalties 
          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                             AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 6

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            and defined the interest accrual rate, as determined by the 
            Labor Commissioner, when a contractor or subcontractor 
            violates the public works and prevailing wage laws.  This bill 
            would have also subjected a contractor to a penalty assessment 
            only when a contractor had knowledge or should have had 
            knowledge of its subcontractor's noncompliance.  That bill was 
            vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.  

            SB 569 (Steinberg) of 2007 would have revised various 
            provisions of the law related to enforcement of the payment of 
            prevailing wages on public works projects.  That bill was held 
            in the Assembly Appropriations Committee. 



                                       SUPPORT
          
          State Building and Construction Trades Council (Sponsor)
          California Labor Federation, AFL-CIO
          California State Pipe Trades Council
          California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
          Coalition of California Utility Employees
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers
          International Union of Elevator Constructors
          Utility Workers Union of America
          Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers
          
                                 SUPPORT IF AMENDED

          Association of California Construction Managers 
                                          
                                     OPPOSITION
          
          Construction Employers' Association
          Western Electrical Contractors Association






          Hearing Date:  June 22, 2011                             AB 551  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 7

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations