BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair

                                          AB 584 (Fong)
          
          Hearing Date: 7/11/2011         Amended: 4/6/2011
          Consultant: Bob Franzoia        Policy Vote: L&IR 4-1
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____
          BILL SUMMARY: AB 584 would do the following:
          - Require psychologists, for purposes of workers' compensation, 
          to be licensed by California law.
          - Require physicians who authorize medical treatment, for 
          purposes of workers' compensation utilization review (UR), to be 
          licensed by California law.
          - Revise the Unemployment Insurance Code in order to provide 
          that medical eligibility for state disability insurance (SDI) 
          benefits administered by the Employment Development Department 
          (EDD) may also be supported by a certificate of a health 
          professional.
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____
                            Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions         2011-12      2012-13       2013-14     Fund
           Restriction on administration     Unknown, likely minor costs 
          annually               General/
          of workers' compensation                                Various
          program                                                 Special
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____

          STAFF COMMENTS: This bill may meet the criteria for referral to 
          the Suspense File.

          Utilization review is the process used by employers or claims 
          administrators to review treatment to determine if it is 
          medically necessary.  All employers or their workers' 
          compensation claims administrators are required by law to have a 
          utilization review program.  This program is used to decide 
          whether or not to approve medical treatment recommended by a 
          physician who must be based on the medical treatment guidelines.

          To the extent URs are conducted in-state (by California licensed 
          physicians), this bill would not result in new costs to the 
          state.  To the extent URs are conducted out-of-state, and those 








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          URs are less expensive than services provided in-state, this 
          bill would result in new workers' compensation costs to the 
          General Fund and various special funds.  

          State employee workers' compensation costs in 2009-19 were 
          approximately $530 million.  This represents an increase of 9.2 
          percent from 2008-09.  These costs are split an estimated 55 
          percent General Funds and 45 percent Special Funds.  

          The degree to which a contractor for UR services understands 
          that some percentage of URs may be conducted by out-of-state 
          licensed physicians is unknown.  The contractor may be unaware 
          of where URs are being conducted or is doing it in the interest 
          of cost savings.  Preliminary information suggests that nearly 
          all State Compensation Insurance Fund (SCIF) funded URs are 
          performed by California licensed physicians.   Additionally, 
          while a UR may be performed out-of-state, not all URs are 
          performed by physicians.

          For example, a 2001 study by the Division of Workers' 
          Compensation within the Department of Industrial Relations found 
          that 81 percent (75 percent?) of claims administrators (18 of 24 
          plans/claims administrators who processed more than 10,000 URs 
          in 1999; 4 did not participate) indicated that initial review 
          can be conducted only by a registered nurse (RN); one plan 
          requires initial review by an RN or physical therapist, while 
          three (14 percent?) allow RNs or licensed registered nurses to 
          do initial review. All plans state that second level review must 
          be conducted by a physician.

          For the purposes of providing the committee a cost reference, 
          assuming the cost of a UR ranges from $100 to $500 and in-state 
          UR costs may be ten percent more ($10.00 to $50.00) compared to 
          out-of-state review, more than 1,000 to 5,000 reviews would have 
          to be done out-of-state to result in a cost of $50,000 to any 
          fund.  Again, information on costs or total number of URs 
          performed annually, and the split between URs for state and 
          non-state employees, has not been identified at this time.

          The law governing disability determinations by EDD for the SDI 
          program requires the applicant to establish disability with 
          evidence from a medical practitioner.  The scope of who may 
          perform this function is defined by a cross reference to the 
          workers' compensation provision which is being amended by this 








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          bill to retain the authority for out-of-state physicians, 
          defined by the bill as health professional, to continue to 
          perform that function.  Preliminary information suggests up to 
          ten percent of SDI UR is done out-of-state.

          Staff notes a decision to delay, modify or deny a medical 
          treatment constitutes the practice of medicine, and the Medical 
          Board of California (board) would have jurisdiction over this 
          act.  However, the Business and Professions Code 2220.05 
          establishes an order of priority for the use of the MBC's 
          resources, and the five listed priorities do not include any 
          language that would refer to violations of professional 
          standards in the conduct of UR.  Because the MBC deems the 
          performance of UR to be the practice of medicine, and because 
          the treatment is to be provided (in most cases) to a California 
          resident, it may be argued that pursuant to the Medical Practice 
          Act only a California-licensed physician can lawfully perform 
          the UR function.  However, the Administrative Director of the 
          Division of Workers' Compensation had not adopted this 
          interpretation of the law when the regulations to implement the 
          UR statute were adopted.