BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 793|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 793
          Author:   Eng (D)
          Amended:  4/4/11 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE INSURANCE COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 6/8/11
          AYES:  Calderon, Gaines, Anderson, Corbett, Correa, Lieu, 
            Lowenthal, Price, Wyland

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  70-0, 5/12/11 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Reverse mortgages

           SOURCE  :     Department of Insurance


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits an insurance broker or agent 
          from participating in or employing any party that 
          participates in the origination of a reverse mortgage, 
          except as specified.  

           ANALYSIS  :    

           Existing California Insurance Code
           
          1. Specifies that insurers, brokers, agents, and others 
             engaged in the transaction of insurance owe a 
             prospective insured who is 65 years of age or older, a 
             duty of honesty, good faith, and fair dealing.  
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          2. Provides several exceptions to this duty, including 
             Medicare supplement insurance, long-term care insurance, 
             disability coverage through the insured's employer, and 
             certain travel accident insurance.

           Other Existing California Law
           
          1. Defines a reverse mortgage as a nonrecourse loan secured 
             by real property, which meets all of the following 
             criteria:

             A.    The loan provides cash advances to a borrower 
                based on the equity or value in a borrower's 
                owner-occupied principal residence.

             B.    The loan requires no payment of principal or 
                interest until the entire loan becomes due and 
                payable.

             C.    The loan is made by a lender licensed or chartered 
                pursuant to California or federal law.

          2. Specifies several conditions which must be satisfied by 
             lenders who make reverse mortgage loans, and several 
             prohibitions that apply to those lenders.

          3. Prohibits a reverse mortgage lender from requiring an 
             applicant for a reverse mortgage to purchase an annuity 
             as a condition of obtaining a reverse mortgage loan, and 
             provides that a reverse mortgage lender or broker 
             arranging a reverse mortgage loan may not offer an 
             annuity to the borrower or refer the borrower to anyone 
             for the purchase of an annuity, before closing the 
             reverse mortgage, or before the borrower's right to 
             rescind the mortgage contract has expired.

          4. Prohibits a lender or any other person that participates 
             in the origination of a reverse mortgage from doing 
             either of the following:

             A.    Participate in, be associated with, or employ any 
                party that participates in or is associated with any 
                other financial or insurance activity, unless the 







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                lender maintains firewalls and other safeguards 
                designed to ensure that individuals participating in 
                the origination of the mortgage shall have no 
                involvement with, or incentive to provide the 
                prospective borrower with, any other financial or 
                insurance product; or,

             B.    Refer the prospective borrower to anyone for the 
                purchase of an annuity or other financial or 
                insurance product. 

          This bill:

          1. Prohibits an insurance broker or agent from 
             participating in, being associated with, or employing 
             any party that participates in the origination of a 
             reverse mortgage, unless that agent or broker maintains 
             procedural safeguards designed to ensure that the agent 
             or broker transacting insurance has no direct financial 
             incentive to refer the policyholder to a reverse 
             mortgage lender.

          2. Generally prohibits individuals transacting insurance 
             from receiving compensation, commission, or direct 
             incentive for providing reverse mortgage borrowers with 
             an insurance product that is connected to or a result of 
             the reverse mortgage.

          3. Creates an exception to the general prohibition on 
             compensation if the agent or broker offers title 
             insurance, hazard, flood, or other peril insurance or 
             similar products that are customary and normal under a 
             reverse mortgage loan.

           Comments
           
           Reverse Mortgage Background  .  The vast majority of reverse 
          mortgages originated at the present time are so-called Home 
          Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) mortgages.  Under HECM 
          rules, the amount a borrower may borrower depends on 
          his/her age, the interest rate of the loan, the appraised 
          value of the borrower's home, and the Federal Housing 
          Administration (FHA) mortgage limits in the borrower's area 
          (which recently increased, pursuant to enactment of the 







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          American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 
          111-5).  Generally speaking, the more valuable one's home 
          is, the more the equity the borrower holds in that home, 
          the older one is, and the lower the interest rate on the 
          loan, the more a senior can borrow through a reverse 
          mortgage.  According to FHA, "based on a loan with interest 
          rates of approximately nine percent, and a home qualifying 
          for $100,000, a 65-year-old could borrower up to 34 percent 
          of the home's value; a 75-year-old could borrow up to 47 
          percent of the home's value; and, an 85-year-old could 
          borrow up to 64 percent of the home's value.  These 
          percentages do not include closing costs because these 
          charges vary."

          To be eligible for a HECM, FHA requires that the borrower 
          be a homeowner, 62 years of age or older, own the home or 
          have a mortgage balance low enough that it can be paid off 
          at closing with proceeds from the reverse mortgage loan, 
          live in the home, and receive consumer information from a 
          HUD-approved counseling agency before obtaining the loan.  
          There are no asset or income limitations on eligibility.   
                    
          A variety of homes are eligible, including single-family 
          dwellings and certain 2-4 unit dwellings and the FHA 
          administers another program which can help a senior whose 
          condominium does not qualify for a HECM.

          With HECMs, borrowers have five options regarding the 
          way(s) in which they may receive their reverse mortgage 
          payments, including:  

          1. "Tenure", which consists of equal monthly payments, paid 
             for as long as one borrower lives and continues to 
             occupy the property as his/her principal residence;
           
          2. "Term", equal monthly payments for a fixed number of 
             months selected;

          3. "Line of credit", unscheduled payments, made in 
             installments or at times and amounts of the borrower's 
             choosing, until the line of credit is exhausted;

          4. "Modified tenure", a combination of line of credit and 
             monthly payments for as long as the borrower remains in 







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             the home; and

          5. "Modified term", a combination of line of credit and 
             monthly payments for a fixed period of months of the 
             senior's choosing.

          HECM borrowers may choose either a fixed interest rate or 
          an adjustable interest rate at origination.  If they choose 
          an adjustable interest rate, they may choose to have that 
          interest rate adjust monthly or annually.  There is no 
          interest rate cap on a monthly adjustable rate.  Annually 
          adjustable rates are capped at increasing by no more than 
          two percentage points per year, and by no more than five 
          percentage points over the life of the loan.  Because 
          reverse mortgage borrowers receive money, rather than 
          paying it, the interest rate on these types of loans works 
          in reverse, compared to the way in which it works on 
          "regular" types of mortgage loans.  In the case of a 
          reverse mortgage, the higher the interest rate, the less 
          money the borrower receives.  

           Prior Legislation
           
          AB 329 (Feuer), Chapter 236, Statutes of 2009, adds the 
          Reverse Mortgage Elder Protection Act of 2009 which was 
          enacted to prohibit a reverse mortgage lender or mortgage 
          broker from participating with, employing, or making 
          referrals to, an individual involved in the sale of 
          financial or insurance products.  The bill's Legislative 
          Findings and Declarations included statements ascribed to 
          the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) that 
          "The AARP strongly advises against using the proceeds of a 
          reverse mortgage for the purchase of annuities or other 
          financial investments, since the high cost of obtaining a 
          reverse mortgage often exceeds any likely returns."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/6/11)

          Department of Insurance (source)
          Alzheimer's Association 
          American Association of Retired Persons 







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          California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform 
          Congress of California Seniors
          Consumer Federation of California

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, "This 
          bill will address abusive cross promotions by returning the 
          concept of a reverse mortgage loan to its original form.  
          Specifically, this legislation will prohibit a broker, 
          agent, or others engaged in the transaction of insurance, 
          except as provided, from participating in, being associated 
          with, or employing any party that participates in or is 
          associated with, the origination of a reverse mortgage, or 
          referring a client or prospective client to any party that 
          participates in or is associated with the origination of a 
          reverse mortgage."


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  70-0, 5/12/11
          AYES:  Achadjian, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Beall, Bill 
            Berryhill, Block, Blumenfield, Bonilla, Bradford, 
            Brownley, Buchanan, Butler, Charles Calderon, Campos, 
            Carter, Chesbro, Cook, Davis, Dickinson, Donnelly, Eng, 
            Feuer, Fletcher, Fong, Fuentes, Furutani, Beth Gaines, 
            Galgiani, Gatto, Gordon, Grove, Hagman, Halderman, Hall, 
            Harkey, Hayashi, Hill, Huber, Hueso, Huffman, Jeffries, 
            Jones, Knight, Lara, Logue, Ma, Mansoor, Mendoza, Miller, 
            Monning, Morrell, Nestande, Nielsen, Norby, Olsen, Pan, 
            Perea, V. Manuel P�rez, Silva, Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, 
            Swanson, Valadao, Wagner, Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, 
            John A. P�rez
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Alejo, Cedillo, Conway, Garrick, Gorell, 
            Roger Hern�ndez, Bonnie Lowenthal, Mitchell, Portantino, 
            Torres


          JJA:kc  7/6/11   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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