BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2011-2012 Regular Session


          AB 810 (Wagner)
          As Amended May 5, 2011
          Hearing Date: June 21, 2011
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          RD   
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                                 Court: Translators

                                      DESCRIPTION 

          This bill would revise and recast provisions relating to 
          interpreters and translators and delete obsolete language as a 
          result of trial court restructuring.  

                                      BACKGROUND  

          In 1996, SCA 4 (Lockyer, Resolution Ch. 56, Stats. 1996) 
          proposed a constitutional amendment that would provide for the 
          abolition of municipal courts within a county, and for the 
          establishment of a unified superior court for that county upon a 
          majority vote of superior court judges and a majority vote of 
          municipal court judges within the county.  On June 2, 1998, 
          California voters approved Proposition 220, which provided for 
          the voluntary consolidation of superior court and municipal 
          court pursuant to SCA 4.  As of February 2001, the courts in all 
          58 counties have unified.  

          Relatedly, in 1997, the Legislature enacted the 
          "Lockyer-Isenberg Trial Court Funding Act of 1997" which 
          provided that the state, as opposed to counties, was responsible 
          for the funding of trial court operations.  (See AB 233 
          (Escutia, Ch. 850, Stats. 1997).)  In 2000, the Legislature 
          commissioned the California Law Revision Commission (CLRC) to 
          review all affected statutes and to identify needed revisions.  
          (SB 2140, Burton, Ch. 1010, Stats. 2000; statutory deadline 
          removed by SB 1316, Committee on Judiciary, Ch. 784, Stats. 
          2002.)  As a result of that work by the CLRC, the Legislature 
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          has already enacted several measures to delete or revise 
          provisions rendered obsolete by trial court restructuring and 
          reform.  (See Prior Legislation.)   

          Most recently, in December 2009, the CLRC issued a report 
          entitled, "Statutes made Obsolete by Trial Court Restructuring: 
          Part 5" (hereinafter "CLRC 2009 Report," or "2009 Report").  
          Commenting that "�o]ver the past decade, California's trial 
          court system has been dramatically restructured," causing 
          hundreds of sections of the California codes to become obsolete, 
          in whole or in part, the CLRC issued this report, as directed by 
          the Legislature, in order to "revise the codes to eliminate 
          material that became obsolete as a result of the trial court 
          restructuring." (CLRC 2009 Report, 
          <  http://www.clrc.ca.gov/pub/Printed-Reports/Pub234-J1404.pdf  > 
          pgs. 3-4 �as of June 13, 2011].)  This most recent report 
          outlined further provisions that the CLRC recommended be 
          deleted, revised, or recast in light of the enactment of the 
          Trial Court Funding Act, including in sections that pertain to 
          the employment, assignment, and compensation of interpreters and 
          translators.  

          Last year, AB 2767 (Committee on Judiciary, Ch. 212, Stats. 
          2010) enacted various recommendations pursuant to the 2009 CLRC 
          study, but did not make any revisions with regard to the 
          suggested recommendations to Government Code Sections 26806 and 
          69894.5, relating to the employment, assignment, and 
          compensation of interpreters and translators.  

          This bill, sponsored by the California Association of Clerks and 
          Election Officials (CACEO), seeks to generally enact the 
          remaining portions of the 2009 CLRC Report and revise and recast 
          many of the pertinent provisions related to interpreters and 
          translators, and delete otherwise obsolete language, as 
          recommended in the report.  In line with those recommendations, 
          this bill would reference a constitutional requirement to 
          provide interpreters, remove remaining references to municipal 
          courts, update the reference to employment of officers and 
          attach�s by rule, and also delete outdated provisions related to 
          fees.  This bill also would remove language in existing law 
          referencing counties of over 900,000 persons.  

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  provides that a person unable to understand English 
          who is charged with a crime has a right to an interpreter 
                                                                      



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          throughout the proceedings.  (Cal. Const., art. I, sec. 14.) 

           Existing law  provides that in counties of over 900,000, the 
          county clerk may employ as many foreign language interpreters as 
          may be necessary to interpret in criminal cases in the superior 
          court, and in the juvenile court within the county, and to 
          translate documents intended for filing in any civil or criminal 
          action or proceeding or for recordation in the county recorder's 
          office.  (Gov. Code Sec. 26806(a).)  

           Existing law  requires the superior court clerk, whenever 
          interpreters are needed, to assign the interpreters so employed 
          to interpret in criminal and juvenile cases in the superior 
          court.  Existing law also requires the clerk to assign 
          interpreters so employed in criminal cases in municipal courts, 
          when their services are needed.  (Gov. Code Sec. 26806(b).)  

           Existing law  permits the court clerk to also assign interpreters 
          so employed to interpret in civil cases in superior and 
          municipal courts when their services are not required in 
          criminal or juvenile cases.  Existing law provides that when 
          interpreters are so assigned, they must collect from the 
          litigants the fee fixed by the court and deposit the same into 
          the county treasury.  (Gov. Code Sec. 26806(c).)  

           Existing law  requires interpreters so employed, when assigned to 
          do so by the court clerk, to translate documents to be recorded 
          or to be filed in any civil or criminal action or proceeding.  
          Existing law sets the fee to be collected for translating each 
          document as three dollars ($3) per folio for the first folio or 
          part thereof, and two cents ($0.02) for each word thereafter.  
          It provides that for preparing a carbon copy of such translation 
          at the time of preparing the original, the fee is twelve cents 
          ($0.12) per folio or any part thereof.  All such fees must be 
          deposited into the county treasury.  (Gov. Code Sec. 26806(d).) 

           Existing law  provides that the court may by rule employ and 
          assign officers or attach�s to perform the duties outlined in 
          Government Code Section 26806.  (Gov. Code Sec. 69894.5.) 

           This bill would revise and recast certain provisions of existing 
          law relating to the employment, assignment, and compensation of 
          interpreters and translators that are currently located in 
          Government Code Section 26806, to Government Code Section 
          69894.5.  Specifically, it would:
           restate California's constitutional requirement that a person 
                                                                      



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            unable to understand English who is charged with a crime has a 
            right to an interpreter throughout the proceedings;  
           permit the clerk of the court to employ as many foreign 
            language interpreters as may be necessary to interpret cases 
            in the superior court, and to translate documents as may be 
            required, pursuant to the Trial Court Interpreter Employment 
            and Labor Relations Act Chapter 7.5 (commencing with Section 
            71800) of Title 8;    
           provide that in addition to any other right to an interpreter, 
            the court clerk must, when interpreters are needed, assign 
            interpreters to interpret in criminal and juvenile delinquency 
            cases in the superior court; and 
           permit the court clerk to also assign interpreters to 
            interpret in civil cases in the superior court, provided that 
            an assignment can be made without causing the court to be 
            unable to perform its obligations in criminal proceedings. 

           This bill  would provide that it is declarative of existing law. 

                                        COMMENT
           
          1.    Stated need for the bill  

          According to the author, "�t]his bill would address a project 
          undertaken by the Law Revision Commission in 2009 to clean up 
          remaining relationships and responsibilities between the State 
          and the Counties with regard to courts.  . . .  AB 810 will 
          implement the language contained in a 2009 report from the Law 
          Revision Commission entitled 'Statutes made Obsolete by Trial 
          Court Restructuring�.]'"    

          2.    Recommendations in the 2009 California Law Revision 
          Commission report  

          This bill would, in response to the CLRC 2009 Report, revise and 
          recast certain provisions within the Government Code relating to 
          the employment, assignment, and compensation of interpreters and 
          translators, and delete those portions rendered obsolete by 
          trial court restructuring or otherwise.  

          The CLRC 2009 Report, in relevant part, reviewed existing 
          Government Code Section 26806's provisions regarding foreign 
          language interpreters in a county of 900,000 or more persons.  
          In particular, that section provided for the assignment of 
          interpreters in criminal and juvenile cases, the assignment of 
          interpreters to interpret in a civil case when not needed in a 
                                                                      



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          criminal or juvenile case, the assignment of interpreters to 
          translate any document intended for filing in any civil or 
          criminal action or proceeding, and the assignment of an 
          interpreter to translate any document intended for county 
          recordation.  

          While the section had been previously amended to provide that 
          the court clerk, rather than the county clerk, is responsible 
          for the employment and assignment of interpreters (see SB 1165 
          (Committee on Local Government, Ch. 118, Stats. 2004)), 
          "�p]resumably . . . to reflect (1) the enactment of the Trial 
          Court Funding Act, which made courts responsible for managing 
          the day-to-day operations and for countywide trail court 
          administration, and (2) the enactment of the Trial Court 
          Interpreter Employment and Labor Relations Act, under which the 
          courts - not the county - employ court interpreters," the CLRC 
          identified that further reforms appeared warranted.  (CLRC 2009 
          Report, pg. 18-19.)  

          In addition to identifying a need to relocate the material 
          pertaining to the employment, assignment, and compensation of 
          interpreters and translators in the codes, the CLRC identified 
          that revisions needed to be made to: (1) delete obsolete 
          references to municipal courts, (2) modernize the provisions 
          relating to compensation, (3) redirect deposits of the parties' 
          payment for court interpretation and translation, (4) update the 
          reference to employment of officers and attach�s by rule, and 
          (5) ensure that a constitutional requirement is not overlooked.  


            a.    General recommendations

             In accordance with the CLRC recommendations, this bill would 
            move the main provisions of Section 26806 to Government Code 
            Section 69894.5, remove any remaining references to municipal 
            courts, state the constitutional requirement that affords any 
            person who does not understand English the right to an 
            interpreter throughout the proceedings, and remove the 
            reference to employment of officers and attach�s to reflect 
            that such authorization has since been superseded by the Trial 
            Court Interpreter Employment and Labor Relations Act. 

            b.    Modernization of Compensation Provisions  

            The provision in existing law that specifies the amount of 
            compensation for an interpreter to translate a document 
                                                                      



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            intended to be filed in a court proceeding, Government Code 
            Section 26806(d), contains outdated references to costs for 
            both the original translation and for carbon copies of the 
            translation.  According to the CLRC, the specified 
            compensation amount has not been changed in 50 years and, in 
            fact, the current practice is for parties to agree to the 
            amount for compensation.  Moreover, carbon copies are now 
            obsolete, and the more accurate, general reference should be 
            to the term "copy."  (CLRC 2009 Report, pgs. 20-21.)

            While the CLRC recommends that the provision be revised to 
            provide that the amount of compensation is to be determined by 
            agreement, this bill would address the issue in a different 
            manner.  This bill would instead seek to address the 
            underlying problem by deleting the reference to the outdated 
            amount of compensation and the term "carbon copy" altogether 
            in the recasted version.  Proponents also have noted to 
            Committee staff that document translation is no longer 
            performed by court interpreters and that, in its place, the 
            process for a county clerk to verify and certify translated 
            documents is provided for in Government Code Section 27293.  
            That section also provides for appropriate fees for verifying 
            and certifying translated copies.  (Gov. Code Sec. 
            27293(a)(2)(c).)   

            In addition, the CLRC commented that the provision in existing 
            law requiring that interpreters collect from the litigants the 
            fee fixed by the court and deposit it into the county 
            treasury, Government Code Section 26806(c), has been rendered 
            obsolete due to the Trial Court Funding Act (Gov. Code Sec. 
            77000 et seq.) and the Trial Court Interpreter Employment and 
            Labor Relations Act (Gov. Code Sec. 77600 et seq.), under 
            which the courts manage and pay for court interpreters.  (CLRC 
            2009 Report, pg. 23.)  This bill would remove that language in 
            its entirety as well.  

            c.    Proper use of parties' payments for an interpreter or 
            translator  

            Existing law pertaining to the deposit of parties' payments 
            for an interpreter or translator into the county treasury is 
            likewise outdated, as discussed by the CLRC, due to the Trial 
            Court Funding Act and the Trial Court Interpreter Employment 
            and Labor Relations Act.  (See Gov. Code Secs. 26806(c) and 
            (d).)  Under these Acts, the courts, not counties, manage and 
            pay for court interpreters.  Therefore, given that the 
                                                                      



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            provision of such services is a court operation and not a 
            county responsibility, court interpreter fees should no longer 
            be deposited into the county treasury.  Instead, the CLRC 
            determined and recommended that they should be deposited into 
            the state fund used primarily to pay for trial court 
            operations, the Trial Court Trust Fund.  (CLRC 2009 Report, 
            pg. 23.) 
            Because this bill does not provide for the compensation of 
            interpreters and translators, as discussed in Comment 2b, it 
            does not need to specify what is to be done with any proceeds 
            from payments for interpreters or translators.  Accordingly, 
            the bill would remove any reference to deposits of funds into 
            the county treasury.  

          3.    Additional considerations and proposed amendment  

          This bill would delete any reference to counties of 900,000 or 
          more persons in discussing the employment or assignment of 
          interpreters.  Given that the Trial Court Interpreter Employment 
          and Labor Relations Act applies to counties of all sizes, there 
          appears to be no need to make this distinction.  

          Finally, this bill includes language stating that it is 
          declaratory of existing law.  Committee staff notes that while 
          the recasted provisions of Government Code Section 26806 in this 
          bill's proposed Government Code Section 69894.5 are 
          substantially similar to existing law and are largely revised to 
          clean up outstanding issues due to the trial court 
          restructuring, there are some differences with respect to 
          deleting references to fees and to counties of 900,000.  
          Accordingly, the sponsor and author have agreed to remove this 
          language.  The amendment is as follows: 

          On page 3, line 9, strike "(e) This section is declarative of 
          existing law."  

          4.    Technical Amendment
           
          Committee staff notes an apparent technical error on page 2, 
          line 16.  In referencing the Trial Court Interpreter Employment 
          and Labor Relations Act chapter, the language currently states, 
          in relevant part, ". . .  (commencing with Section 71800) of 
          Title 8)."  To correct this error, the author has agreed to the 
          following amendment: 

          On page 2, line 16, strike "Title 8)." and insert "Title 8."  
                                                                      



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           Support  :  None Known

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  California Association of Clerks and Election Officials 


           Related Pending Legislation  :  AB 618 (Furatani) would enact the 
          California Language Access Bill of Rights.  This bill would 
          provide, in part, that the right to a competent interpreter 
          includes a right not to share an interpreter with a witness.  It 
          would also provide that the person charged with the crime is 
          also entitled to a separate interpreter not to be shared with a 
          codefendant during any trial proceeding.  This bill is currently 
          in the Senate Public Safety Committee.  

           Prior Legislation  :

          AB 2767 (Committee on Judiciary, Ch. 212, Stats. 2010), See 
          Background.

          AB 349 (Salas, Ch. 231, Stats. 2007), permits an English 
          translation of an instrument executed or certified in any other 
          language to be presented to the county clerk for verification 
          that the translation was performed by a certified or registered 
          court interpreter or an accredited translator, as specified.  It 
          also requires the clerk to certify the verification under the 
          seal of the county and authorizes a $10 fee for each document. 
                                                    
          SB 1165 (Committee on Local Government, Ch. 118, Stats. 2004), 
          made corrections to various outdated sections that still 
          assigned duties to the county clerk that were more appropriate 
          for the court clerk, including to Government Code Section 26806 
          to provide that the court clerk is responsible for the 
          employment and assignment of interpreters.  

          SB 371 (Escutia, Ch. 1047, Stats. 2002), enacted the Trial Court 
          Interpreter Employment and Labor Relations Act (TCIELRA) to 
          convert court interpreters who perform services for the trial 
          courts from independent contractors to employees of the court.

          SB 1316 (Committee on Judiciary, Ch. 784, Stats. 2002), in 
                                                                      



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          relevant part, conformed various statutory provisions to the 
          abolition of municipal courts and their unification within the 
          superior courts.  See also, Background.

          SB 2140 (Burton, Ch. 1010, Stats. 2000), enacted the Trial Court 
          Employment Protection and Governance Act, which converted county 
          employees who work for the courts into court employees.  See 
          also, Background.

          SB 2139 (Lockyer, Ch. 931, Stats. 1997), made various statutory 
          changes to implement and conform to the unification of trial 
          courts pursuant to SCA 4 (below).  
                                                                   
          AB 233 (Escutia, Ch. 850, Stats. 1997), See Background.

          SCA 4 (Lockyer, Resolution Ch. 56, Stats. 1996), See Background. 
           
           
           Prior Vote  :

          Assembly Floor (Ayes 75, Noes 0)
          Assembly Appropriations Committee (Ayes 17, Noes 0)
          Assembly Judiciary Committee (Ayes 9, Noes 0)

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