BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 895
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          Date of Hearing:  April 25, 2011

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON REVENUE AND TAXATION
                                Henry T. Perea, Chair

                AB 895 (Halderman) - As Introduced:  February 17, 2011

          Majority vote.  Tax levy.  Fiscal committee.

           SUBJECT  :  Personal income tax:  physicians:  qualified medical 
          services

           SUMMARY  :  Allows a credit equal to 25% of the value of 
          "qualified medical services" personally provided by a "qualified 
          taxpayer" during the taxable year.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Defines a "qualified taxpayer" as a physician or surgeon 
            licensed by the Medical Board of California or the Osteopathic 
            Medical Board of California.

          2)Defines "qualified medical services" as:

             a)   Medical services provided by a qualified taxpayer at a 
               "local community clinic" free of charge or at a reduced 
               rate; or, 

             b)   "Emergency medical services" provided by a qualified 
               taxpayer free of charge or at a reduced rate at an 
               emergency department of a general acute care hospital 
               licensed pursuant to Health and Safety Code (HSC) Section 
               1250. 

          3)Defines a "local community clinic" as a community clinic or 
            free clinic as defined by HSC Section 1204(a).

          4)Provides that "emergency medical services" has the same 
            meaning as "emergency services and care" as defined by HSC 
            Section 1317.1(a).

          5)Caps the credit amount at $5,000 per qualified taxpayer per 
            year.

          6)Specifies that the value of medical services provided shall be 
            determined according to the usual, reasonable, and customary 
            rate as described in Section 1300.71 (a)(3)(B) of Title 28 of 








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            the California Code of Regulations (CCR).

          7)States that the "local community clinic" or general acute care 
            hospital shall provide documentation to the "qualified 
            taxpayer" regarding the values of the services provided.

          8)States that in the case of medical services being provided at 
            a reduced rate, the amount used to calculate the value of the 
            qualified medical services provided shall be the difference 
            between the value of the medical services provided and the 
            reduced rate charged.

          9)Provides that, in cases where the credit allowed exceeds the 
            taxpayer's tax liability, the excess credit amount may be 
            carried over to reduce the net tax for the succeeding eight 
            taxable years, or until the credit has been exhausted, 
            whichever occurs first.  

          10)Provides that no other credit or deduction shall be allowed 
            for the same contribution of medical services.

          11)Applies to taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 
            2012 and before January 1, 2017.

          12)Takes effect immediately as a tax levy.

           EXISTING LAW  allows various tax credits designed to incentivize 
          socially beneficial behavior or to provide tax relief to those 
          incurring specified expenses.  Currently, there is no credit for 
          contributing free or reduced price medical services to an 
          organization or clinic as proposed by this bill.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  The Franchise Tax Board (FTB) estimates General 
          Fund revenue losses of $28 million in fiscal year (FY) 2011-12, 
          $50 million in FY 2012-13, and $50 million in FY 2013-14. 

           COMMENTS  :   

          1)The author has provided the following statement in support of 
            this bill:

               Habitual non-payment and underpayment by Medi-Cal 
               contributed to the closure of my medical practice in 
               underserved rural central California.  It was impossible to 
               cover basic operating costs when providing uncompensated 








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               and undercompensated care to a rural population.  As a 
               result, these residents lost access to a breast cancer 
               surgeon in their community.  

               Unfortunately, this is a chronic problem endemic in rural 
               areas where the physician workforce is scarce.  
               Reimbursement rates are unsustainable, forcing physicians 
               to shut their doors.  

               Right now, doctors seeking to help solve the problem of 
               lack of access to care in these areas cannot afford to do 
               so.  Assembly Bill 895 is a modest cost-savings measure to 
               allow doctors to continue serving the people who need them 
               most.

          2)Opponents state that this bill "�w]ould allocate a significant 
            amount of state tax money towards activities that occur every 
            day, regardless of tax incentive. To the extent that it is an 
            attempt to compensate for medical reimbursements, your bill 
            only shifts valuable tax dollars from the state to these 
            physicians, rewarding behavior that would occur otherwise.  We 
            are concerned that your bill does not improve the provision of 
            health care, but results in a substantial loss of revenue to 
            the state.  Given the current budget deficit, the state cannot 
            afford to provide a tax exemption to physicians at this time." 


           3)Committee Staff Notes  :

              a)   Physicians at a general acute care hospital  :  The credit 
               is available for medical services provided at a local 
               community clinic and emergency medical services provided at 
               a general acute care hospital.  Ironically, a physician or 
               surgeon providing services at a private medical practice 
               would not be eligible for the credit, which seems to be at 
               odds with the author's statement.  The author states that, 
               "�h]abitual non-payment and underpayment by Medi-Cal 
               contributed to the closure of my medical practice?."  Under 
               this bill, if Assemblymember Halderman's medical practice 
               was not a local community clinic, the credit would not have 
               been available to her.  The author may wish to amend this 
               language if the intent is to include a physician or surgeon 
               with a private medical practice.

              b)   Salaried physicians  :  It is not entirely clear what 








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               would occur in the situation of a salaried physician 
               providing emergency services free of charge or at a reduced 
               rate.  Because this bill is restricted to individual 
               physicians, and is not available to hospitals, what would 
               occur in a situation when a salaried physician provided 
               services to an uninsured individual?  As this bill is 
               written, a doctor would still receive their salary, and so 
               arguable, the services were not provided free of charge or 
               at a reduced rate by the physician.  Instead, the hospital, 
               which is not a "qualified taxpayer," provided the services 
               free of charge or at a reduced rate and would remain 
               uncompensated.  The author may wish to amend this bill if 
               the intent is to compensate all emergency services provided 
               free of charge or at a reduced rate at an emergency 
               department of a general acute care hospital.

              c)   Emergency medical services :  HSC Section 1317.1 defines 
               "emergency services and care" as "medical screening, 
               examination, and evaluation by a physician, or, to the 
               extent permitted by applicable law, by other appropriate 
               personnel under the supervision of a physician, to 
               determine if an emergency medical condition or active labor 
               exists and, if it does, the care, treatment, and surgery by 
               a physician necessary to relieve or eliminate the emergency 
               medical condition, within the capability of the facility."  
               The question arises, if an individual is treated at an 
               emergency facility and it is determined that the condition 
               is not a medical emergency, will the treating physician be 
               eligible for a credit?  The author may wish to amend this 
               bill to clarify if the intent is to include all medical 
               services provided in an emergency room, or only those 
               services provided to an individual whose condition is 
               deemed to be a medical emergency.  

              d)   Standard of valuation  :  CCR Section 1300.71 determines 
               the value of medical services provided by taking into 
               consideration "the reasonable and customary value for the 
               healthcare services rendered based upon statistically 
               credible information that is updated at least annually and 
               takes into consideration (i) the provider's training, 
               qualifications, and length of time in practice; (ii) the 
               nature of the services provided; (iii) the fees usually 
               charged by the provider; (iv) prevailing provider rates 
               charged in the general geographic area in which the 
               services were rendered; (v) other aspects of the economics 








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               of the medical provider's practice that are relevant; and 
               (vi) any unusual circumstances in the case."  The use of 
               this standard may lead to a great difference in the 
               valuation of the same medical care provided at different 
               locations and/or by different physicians.  Using the CCR 
               Section 1300.71 standard to determine the value of medical 
               services provided may be an unfair standard due to the 
               potential of variation in medical billing. To avoid the 
               difficulty of assessing the value of procedures and 
               services and to ensure a fair and uniform billing standard, 
               this bill should adopt a clear standard of valuation.

           1)Related legislation  :

            AB 2148 (Tran), introduced in the 2009-10 legislative session, 
            would have provided a personal income tax deduction, not to 
            exceed $1,500 per taxable year, to physicians that provide 
            free medical services in clinic or hospital settings.  AB 2148 
            was held in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

            SB 92 (Aanestad), introduced in the 2009-10 legislative 
            session, would have, among other things, allowed a credit 
            equal to 25% of the tax of a qualified medical individual 
            providing medical services in a rural area, as defined.  SB 92 
            failed to pass in the Senate Health Committee.

            AB 1592 (Huff), introduced in the 2007-08 legislative session, 
            would have allowed a credit equal to 50% of the fair market 
            value of uncompensated medical care provided by a physician 
            for an eligible individual.  AB 1592 was never heard in 
            Committee. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          California Tax Reform Association
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  Myriam Bouaziz and M. David Ruff / REV. & 
          TAX. / (916) 319-2098 









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