BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 902
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          Date of Hearing:  April 11, 2011

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON REVENUE AND TAXATION
                                Henry T. Perea, Chair

                   AB 902 (Alejo) - Introduced:  February 17, 2011

          Majority vote.

           SUBJECT  :  Property tax:  sale of tax-defaulted property:  fees. 

           SUMMARY  :  Removes the statutory cap imposed on certain types of 
          fees that a tax collector may charge in connection with a sale 
          of tax-defaulted property, and instead, requires the local board 
          of supervisors to establish those fees in the amounts that would 
          allow the county to recover its actual and reasonable costs, as 
          provided.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Removes the $100 statutory limitation on the amount of the 
            costs that a tax collector may recover for attempting to 
            contact personally, and serve a written notice to, the 
            owner-occupant of the tax-defaulted property that is scheduled 
            to be offered for sale at a public auction.  

          2)Removes the $35 statutory limitation on the amount of the fee 
            that a tax collector may collect for obtaining the names and 
            last known mailing addresses of, and mailing specified notices 
            to, parties of interest, when the tax-defaulted property 
            subject to the notice is redeemed.  

          3)Clarifies that a tax collector, when the tax-defaulted 
            property is redeemed prior to the proposed sale to a public 
            agency or a qualified non-profit organization but after the 
            county has incurred notice or publication costs, may collect a 
            fee in an amount reasonably necessary to reimburse the tax 
            collector for the publication costs.

          4)Specifies that the fee that may be imposed in the 
            above-mentioned cases shall be established by the county board 
            of supervisors based on the amount of actual and reasonable 
            costs incurred by the tax collector, in accordance with the 
            requirements of Government Code (GC) Chapter 12.5 (commencing 
            with Section 54985) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5, and 
            shall be distributed to the county general fund (GF) or tax 
            collector, whichever is applicable, once the property is sold 








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            or redeemed. 

          5)Makes technical non-substantive changes to the corresponding 
            provisions of the Revenue and Taxation Code (R&TC). 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires a property owner to pay property taxes to the 
            treasurer or tax collector of the county within which the 
            property is located.  

          1)Provides that if property taxes are not paid within five years 
            of the notice of impending default, the property becomes 
            subject to sale and will be sold at a public auction.  The tax 
            collector has the power to sell property that has been 
            tax-defaulted for five years or more, or three years or more 
            in the case of nonresidential commercial property. 
            Tax-defaulted property may be sold under either of the 
            following procedures, each with distinct statutory 
            requirements: 

             a)   Sale to private persons (including taxing authorities) 
               by auction (R&TC Section 3691 et seq.); or,

             b)   Sale to state and local taxing agencies by agreement 
               (R&TC Section 3791 et seq.). 

          1)Requires a tax collector, in the case of the proposed tax sale 
            of property that is the primary residence of the last known 
            assessee, to make a reasonable effort to contact the 
            owner-occupant.  Provides that the costs incurred by the tax 
            collector in attempting to make personal contact with a 
            property owner before tax-defaulted property may be sold is a 
            "cost" included in computing the minimum price for which the 
            real property may be sold and must be added, not to exceed 
            $100, to the required amount for redemption of the property. 

          2)Requires a tax collector, when tax-defaulted property subject 
            to a recorded notice is redeemed, to collect certain fees, 
            including a fee of $35 to reimburse the county for its costs 
            of obtaining the names and last known mailing addresses of, 
            and for mailing specified notices to, parties of interest, in 
            addition to the amount required to redeem the tax-defaulted 
            property. 









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          3)Authorizes the tax collector, if the tax-defaulted property is 
            redeemed prior to the proposed sale, but after the county has 
            incurred costs to publish the notice of intended sale in a 
            newspaper, to collect a fee to reimburse the tax collector for 
            those costs. 

          4)Requires the price at which certain tax-defaulted property may 
            be offered for sale to be the total amount necessary to redeem 
            the property, plus costs, and prescribes the manner of 
            distribution of proceeds from the sale of property.  Provides 
            for a distribution from those proceeds to the county GF to 
            reimburse the county for the cost of giving specified notice, 
            not to exceed $35, and a distribution to a tax collector to 
            reimburse the county for the costs of a personal contact, not 
            to exceed $100. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown, but the Committee staff estimates that 
          this bill will not impact state GF revenues. 

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  .  The author states that, "AB 902 gives 
            counties the ability to charge the actual and reasonable costs 
            of locating and serving a tax-defaulted property owner.  
            Currently, counties are restricted to a maximum reimbursement 
            of $100, regardless of the actual costs incurred."

           2)Arguments in Support  .  The proponents of this bill argue that, 
            while tax collectors are required to provide a personal notice 
            to property owners who have a tax-defaulted residential 
            property at risk of being sold at public auction, they cannot 
            recover more than $100 for the staff time and transportation 
            costs incurred in complying with the requirement.  The 
            proponents also state that this bill is important to counties 
            that are facing fiscal crisis since "the ability and authority 
            to bring fee levels closer to full cost recovery would be of 
            significant assistance."

           3)Sale of Tax-Defaulted Property:  Background  .  Property is 
            deemed in default if property taxes are not paid when due and 
            is subject to penalties and costs.  Once the real property is 
            declared tax-defaulted, the county tax collector publishes the 
            information on the defaulted roll.  If the owner fails to 
            redeem the property within five years (or three years if the 
            property is also subject to a nuisance abatement lien) by full 








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            payment of the defaulted taxes, interest and penalties, then 
            the property may be sold to the highest bidder at a public 
            sale.  The county tax collector's power to sell arises by 
            operation of law in order to satisfy the defaulted taxes.  
            After the power to sell arises, the tax collector is required 
            to record a Notice of Power to Sell with the county recorder's 
            office.  Once the property becomes subject to sale, the county 
            tax collector must attempt to sell the property in order to 
            collect the defaulted taxes.  The property may be offered for 
            sale at public auction, a sealed bid sale, or a negotiated 
            sale to a public agency or qualified non-profit organization.  
            Public auctions are the most common way of selling 
            tax-defaulted property, and the property is sold to the 
            highest bidder.  Generally, if no bid was received when the 
            property was last offered for sale at public auction, the tax 
            collector may re-offer property at a reduced price at the same 
            or next scheduled sale.  

           4)The $100 Statutory Cap  .  Once a county has decided to sell a 
            tax-defaulted property, it is under an obligation to make a 
            reasonable effort to contact the delinquent owner before 
            proceeding with a sale.  Under existing law, a tax collector 
            is required to provide a personal notice to property owners 
            whose principal residence is at risk of being sold at a tax 
            sale.  If the personal contact is not made after reasonable 
            efforts by a tax collector, the tax collector is required to 
            attempt to serve written notice, as specified.  The law allows 
            the tax collector to add actual and reasonable costs of this 
            visit to the amount charged for redemption of the property.  
            However, even though the tax collector can recover the costs 
            of locating and serving a notice on the delinquent owner, the 
            amount of those costs is capped at $100.  

          According to the sponsor, in rare circumstances does this amount 
            cover the transportation costs and/or staff time.  For 
            example, the County of Monterey estimates a loss of $200 in 
            each case of personal contact attempted by the tax collector, 
            whereas the County of Fresno approximates that it loses about 
            $50 per case.  This bill would remove the $100 statutory cap 
            imposed on the amount of costs that may be recovered by a tax 
            collector and would, instead, allow the county to recover the 
            actual cost of locating and personally serving the owner of 
            the tax-defaulted principal residence.  The amount of actual 
            and reasonable costs of making a personal contact would be 
            determined by the county board of supervisors, in accordance 








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            with the rules prescribed by GC Chapter 12.5 of Part 1 of 
            Division 2 of Title 5.  This bill would also provide that, in 
            order to reimburse the county for the costs of a personal 
            contact, a sum equal to the total amount of the actual and 
            reasonable costs, not subject to the $100 cap, shall be 
            distributed to the tax collector from the sale price amount, 
            as specified. 

           5)The $35 Statutory Cap  .  Under existing law, tax-defaulted 
            property subject to a recorded notice may be redeemed by the 
            former owner by payment of all delinquencies and statutory 
            penalties prior to disposition of the property or until the 
            redemption right is terminated, as specified.  When a 
            tax-defaulted property is redeemed, the tax collector is 
            required to collect specified fees, including a $35 fee for 
            the costs incurred by the county in obtaining the names and 
            last known mailing addresses of, and for mailing certain 
            notices to, parties of interest ( a so-called 'notice fee').  
            The minimum redemption price must also include the cost of 
            publishing and advertising the property sale, in addition to 
            other associated penalties and costs.  

          This bill would repeal the $35 notice fee and, instead, would 
            require the tax collector to collect a fee equal to an amount 
            of actual and reasonable costs incurred by the county in 
            notifying the parties of interest, as defined, for each 
            separately valued parcel of real property and would authorize 
            the full amount of the fee to be distributed to the county GF. 
             This bill would also clarify that the new notice fee amount 
            and a publication fee would apply in the case of a sale of 
            tax-defaulted property to a public agency or a qualified 
            non-profit organization.  The amount of the notice fee will be 
            established by the county board of supervisors, in accordance 
            with the rules prescribed by GC Chapter 12.5 of Part 1 of 
            Division 2 of Title 5.  

           6)"Actual and Reasonable" Costs.   Under existing law, the 
            majority of all fees and charges imposed by a treasurer-tax 
            collector in connection with the administration of property 
            taxes are established and approved by the board of supervisors 
            under GC Section 54985, which allows the treasurer-tax 
            collector to recover actual costs.  Specifically, a county 
            board of supervisors has the authority to set the amount of a 
            fee or charge that is authorized to be levied by another 
            provision of law.  GC Section 54986 prescribes the rules that 








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            the board of supervisors must follow before approving any new 
            fee or increasing an existing fee.  Thus, the board must hold 
            at least one public meeting, and at least 14 days prior to the 
            meeting, a written notice is required to be mailed to 
            interested parties who have filed for written notifications.  
            Finally, at least 10 days prior to the meeting, the data 
            indicating the amount of the cost, or estimated cost, must be 
            made available to the public.  

          The amount of the fee or charge must be the amount reasonably 
            necessary to recover the cost of providing any product or 
            service or the cost of enforcing any regulation.  The fee or 
            charge may be the average cost and can include direct and 
            indirect costs.  The board of supervisors may request the 
            county auditor to conduct a study to determine whether the fee 
            or charge is reasonable.  A study typically involves a review 
            of the methodology used in calculating the estimated costs.  
            Many counties ask the auditor to conduct a study prior to 
            presenting the amount of a new fee or an increase of an 
            existing fee to the board of supervisors for approval.
           
           Although existing law allows a tax collector to collect the 
            amount of the actual and reasonable costs incurred in an 
            attempt to establish a person contact, it limits that amount 
            to $100 and, consequently, in many cases, does not allow the 
            tax collector to recover the actual costs incurred.  

           7)Proposition 26  .  On November 2, 2010, the voters approved 
            Proposition 26, an initiative constitutional amendment, that 
            expanded the definition of a "tax" to include many state and 
            local government assessments previously classified as "fees."  
            Among other provisions, Proposition 26 amended Section 1 of 
            Article XIII C of the California Constitution to define the 
            term "tax" as any levy, charge, or exaction of any kind 
            imposed by a local government, except certain enumerated fees. 
             One type of those enumerated exactions is "a charge imposed 
            for a specific government service or product provided directly 
            to the payor that is not provided to those not charged, and 
            which does not exceed the reasonable costs to the local 
            government of providing the service or product."  

          The personal contact fee and the notice fee are charged for the 
            costs of services provided by a local government.  As such, 
            both fees must comply with the requirements of Proposition 26. 
             The actual and reasonable costs of providing the service may 








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            vary from county to county and may very well be more than $100 
            or $35.  By authorizing a local board of supervisors to set 
            these fees, within the confines of both GC Section 54986 and 
            Proposition 26, this bill would allow local governments the 
            flexibility needed to recover the actual costs incurred by 
            them in complying with the requirements applicable to tax 
            sales.

           8)Related Legislation  . 
             
             AB 820 (Gordon), introduced in the current legislative 
            session, would allow a tax collector to recover the actual and 
            reasonable costs incurred in preparing a 
            certificate-of-payment showing taxes paid.  AB 820 is set to 
            be heard in this Committee on April 25, 2011. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          The County of Santa Clara Board of Supervisors
          The Monterey County Board of Supervisors
          The California Association of County Treasurers and Tax 
          Collectors
          The County of San Luis Obispo
          The California State Association of Counties
          The County of Benito

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  Oksana Jaffe / REV. & TAX. / (916) 
          319-2098