BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                             2011-12 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 925
          AUTHOR:        Lara
          AMENDED:       June 6, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 13, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Beth Graybill

           NOTE  :  This bill has been amended to replace its contents and 
                 this is the first time the bill is being heard in its 
                 current form.  

           SUBJECT  :  Charter schools:  Employees.
          
           SUMMARY   

          This bill establishes a new requirement for charter school 
          petitions concerning the policies and procedures governing 
          charter school employees.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law, the Charter Schools Act of 1992, provides for 
          the establishment of charter schools in California for the 
          purpose, among other things, of improving student learning 
          and expanding learning experiences for pupils who are 
          identified as academically low achieving.  Existing law 
          declares that charter schools are part of the public school 
          system as defined in Article IX of the California 
          Constitution and are "under the exclusive control of the 
          officers of the public schools."  
          (Education Code � 47601 et. seq.)  

          Existing law authorizes anyone to develop, circulate, and 
          submit a petition to establish a charter school and requires 
          charter developers to collect certain signatures in support 
          of the petition, as specified.  Current law requires 
          governing boards to grant a charter unless the petition fails 
          to meet one or more of the following:  (EC � 47605)  

          1)   The charter school presents an unsound educational 
               program.  





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          2)   The petitioners are demonstrably unlikely to 
               successfully implement the program described in the 
               petition.  

          3)   The petition does not contain the number of required 
               signatures.  

          4)   The petition does not contain an affirmation that it 
               will be nonsectarian in its programs and policies, shall 
               not charge tuition, shall not discriminate, and other 
               affirmations, as specified.  

          5)   The petition does not contain reasonably comprehensive 
               descriptions of the educational program, including, 
               among other things, educational goals, students to be 
               served, measurable outcomes and methods by which the 
               school will determine that pupils have met educational 
               goals.  

          Existing law requires charter schools to comply with the 
          provisions of its charter and provisions of the Education 
          Code that apply to charter schools.  Charter schools are 
          exempt from most laws governing school districts except where 
          specifically noted, including establishing minimum age for 
          public school attendance, specified building code 
          regulations, availability of coverage in a public retirement 
          system, and the Charter School Revolving Loan Fund.  (EC � 
          47610)

          Existing law requires charter schools to comply with the 
          Educational Employment Relations Act (EERA) commencing with 
          Section 3540 of the Government Code.  Current law requires a 
          charter school to declare in its charter whether the school 
          will be its own employer, or whether the public school 
          district where the charter is located will be the employer 
          for purposes of EERA.  Additionally, current law:  

                  a)        Specifies that if the charter does not 
                    specify that it will comply with the statutes and 
                    regulations that establish and regulate tenure or a 
                    merit or civil service system, the scope of 
                    representation for that charter school shall also 
                    include discipline and dismissal of charter school 
                    employees.  

                  b)        Specifies that the Public Employment 




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                    Relations Board (PERB) shall take into account the 
                    Charter Schools Act of 1992 when deciding cases 
                    brought before it related to charter schools.  

                  c)        Specifies that the approval or a denial of 
                    a charter petition by a granting agency shall not 
                    be controlled by collective bargaining agreements 
                    nor subject to review or regulation by PERB.  
                    (EC � 47611.5)

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  adds a new element to the required components of a 
          charter school petition.  Specifically, this bill requires 
          charter school petitions to include:

          1)   A description of the personnel policies and procedures 
               of the school, including but not limited to, those 
               related to:  jury duty; employee discipline; pregnancy, 
               bereavement, sick and vacation leave; and holidays.  

          2)   Makes other technical and non-substantive amendments.  

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  According to the sponsor, the 
               California School Employees Association, the Education 
               Code provides classified employees in a school district 
               with a comprehensive set of employment rights and 
               benefits that are not afforded employees of independent 
               charter schools because charter schools are statutorily 
               exempt from most provisions of the code.  The sponsor 
               maintains that while employees who work at charters 
               where the school district is the employer have the same 
               employment rights and benefits as other classified 
               employees in the district, classified employees who work 
               at independent charter schools "have no guarantee of 
               sick leave, vacation leave, or holiday leave nor do they 
               have specified rights relating to their job including a 
               job classification with defined duties, seniority 
               rights, layoff rights, or bumping rights."  

          Employees choose to become part of a charter school and may 
               make that choice based on a variety of reasons, 
               including an opportunity to be part of a new school, or 
               greater flexibility in the workplace.  Requiring charter 




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               school petitions to articulate the school's personnel 
               policies and procedures will make the personnel 
               practices more transparent to prospective employees and 
               could make it easier for charter schools to attract 
               experienced and effective classified staff.  

          Opponents, California Charter Schools Association Advocates, 
               argue that AB 925 responds to no expressed problem 
               between charter schools and classified staff and note 
               that California employment law, which applies to charter 
               schools as employers in California, already provides 
               direction on a broad variety of issues, thus making it 
               costly and meaningless to put a summary of those laws 
               into the petition.  

           2)   Independent vs. dependent  .  According to the California 
               Department of Education (CDE), there are approximately 
               982 active charter schools.  Although the Charter 
               Schools Act does not recognize the terms "dependent" and 
               "independent" when referencing charter schools, these 
               terms are often used to describe the relationship of a 
               charter school to a district.  According to the 
               California School Boards Association, "dependent" 
               charters are considered charter schools that have been 
               created by the district board and are an integral part 
               of the district's portfolio of schools.  "Independent" 
               charter schools are typically those charters that are 
               formed by parents, teachers, community members or 
               charter management organizations.  The sponsor of this 
               bill describes an "independent" charter as one in which 
               the charter school is the employer, noting that most of 
               these charter schools are run by nonprofit corporations. 
                

           3)   Related and prior legislation  .  

          AB 1819 (Ammiano) requires charter schools to make the State 
               Teachers' Retirement System and the California Public 
               Employees' Retirement System available to their 
               employees and eliminates the requirement for charter 
               schools to inform applicants of the retirement coverage 
               offered at the school.  

          AB 86 (Mendoza, 2011) would have expanded signature 
               requirements for charter school petitions to include 
               classified employees.  This measure was passed by this 




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               Committee on a 6-2 vote on June 15, 2011 and 
               subsequently vetoed by Governor Brown with the following 
               message:  

                    Charter schools are a small but very important part 
                    of the California public school system.  They vary 
                    by size, mission, governing structure and 
                    educational philosophy.  Their purpose is to allow 
                    parents, teachers and other interested citizens to 
                    form public schools outside the more detailed 
                    regulatory framework of the regular school system.  


                    They are profoundly difficult to establish and even 
                    more difficult to maintain and grow in excellence.  
                    Having started two myself, I know whereof I speak.  


                    Notwithstanding the important contributions 
                    classified staff make to the operation of a school, 
                    this bill would unnecessarily complicate an already 
                    difficult charter school petition process.  

                    I believe the existing law is tough enough.  
               
           SUPPORT
           
          None on this version of the bill.

           OPPOSITION
           
          California Charter Schools Association Advocates  
          Charter Schools Development Center