BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 970
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 970 (Fong and Block) 
          As Amended  January 26, 2012
          Majority vote 

           HIGHER EDUCATION    8-0         APPROPRIATIONS      12-2        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Block, Achadjian,         |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Brownley, Fong, Galgiani, |     |Bradford, Charles         |
          |     |Lara, Miller, Portantino  |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |
          |     |                          |     |Gatto, Hall, Hill, Lara,  |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell, Solorio         |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |Nays:|Donnelly, Norby           |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Establishes requirements and timeframes for the 
          University of California (UC) and the California State 
          University (CSU) regarding the approval and implementation of 
          student fee increases, and requires the segments to report 
          annually on their use of student fee revenues. Specifically, 
           this bill  :

          1)Requires the UC Regents and the CSU Trustees, at least 90 days 
            prior to providing public notice of a proposed mandatory 
            systemwide fee increase, to consult with the appropriate 
            student representatives of their respective statewide student 
            organizations.

          2)Requires a public notice of a proposed fee increase to be 
            included in a noticed public agenda of the regent's and 
            trustee's, respectively, as defined.

          3)Prohibits adoption of a fee increase prior to at least 60 days 
            following issuance of the notice per 2) above, and requires 
            the governing bodies, during this time period, to solicit and 
            receive public comments, which, along with appropriate 
            responses to each comment, are to be made available to the 
            public at least 10 days prior to the meeting where the regents 
            or trustees propose to adopt the fee increase.

          4)Stipulates that a fee increase is not effective until at least 
            six months following adoption.








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          5)Requires the regents and the trustees, by April 2, 2013, and 
            in consultation with student representatives, to develop, and 
            adopt in a public meeting, a methodology for adjusting fees 
            that, at a minimum, considers the impacts and mitigations as 
            described.

          6)Requires annual UC and CSU budgets incorporating fee changes 
            to be in accordance with the above methodology and to specify 
            the intended uses of the increased fee revenues.

          7)Requires at least 33% of increases in UC or CSU fee revenues 
            to be used for institutional financial aid.

          8)Requires the regents and trustees, by February 1, 2013, and 
            annually thereafter, to provide the Legislature information 
            on:  a) the expenditure of revenues derived from student fees; 
            b) uses of institutional financial aid; and, c) the total cost 
            of education per graduate and undergraduate student, 
            respectively, including fixed costs, variable costs, and 
            administrative, instructional, and student services costs.

          9)Requires the Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) to annually 
            review and report to the Legislature regarding UC's and CSU's 
            compliance with all of the above.

          10)Requires that mandatory systemwide fees be referred to in UC 
            and CSU policies, rules, and regulations as "systemwide fees" 
            or "fees" and not as "tuition."

          11)Requires the California Student Aid Commission to report by 
            July 31, 2013, on the interaction of state and federal student 
            financial aid programs.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee:

          1)CSU indicates that the bill's requirement to annually report 
            on the expenditures derived from fee revenues is a significant 
            change in the system's budgeting and expenditure accounting, 
            because CSU currently "pools" General Fund and fee revenues 
            for these purposes.  CSU estimates one-time costs of about $4 
            million to develop a new system and ongoing costs of a similar 
            magnitude.  CSU notes that such an accounting system that 
            forces arbitrary divisions between activities funded with fees 








                                                                  AB 970
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            and those funded by the state would be cumbersome and 
            inefficient.  CSU will also incur one-time costs of around 
            $100,000 to develop the required methodology by April 2013 for 
            adjusting student fees.  Similarly, UC estimates one-time 
            costs of $1.1 million and ongoing costs of $500,000 for these 
            tasks.

          2)Costs to change references to "tuition" to "fees" when 
            updating or reprinting campus publications should be minor and 
            absorbable.

          3)Both segments will incur unknown additional administrative 
            costs to respond to public comments received regarding 
            proposed fee increases and to make these comments and 
            responses available to the public prior to adopting a fee 
            increase.

          4)Minor absorbable costs to the Student Aid Commission for the 
            report on financial aid.  UC and CSU may incur minor costs to 
            provide information requested by the commission for the 
            report.

           COMMENTS  :  On February 15, 2011, the Assembly Higher Education 
          Committee held an oversight hearing on "Ensuring Affordability 
          at California's Colleges and Universities," during which several 
          themes emerged:

          1)General Fund support for higher education has declined since 
            2007-08, and new fee revenue has offset those reductions.  
            (LAO)

          2)While student fees remain lower than most states, the high 
            cost of living in California raises the overall cost of 
            attendance.  (California Postsecondary Education Commission)

          3)Financial aid programs have generally been spared, and about 
            half of students receive need-based aid to cover full tuition 
            costs.  Further on average, UC and CSU students graduate with 
            modest student debt.  (LAO and The Institute for Student 
            Access and Success)

           Need for this bill  .  According to the author, "Current law 
          governing California's postsecondary institutions lacks needed 
          policies that guarantee our state will remain committed to 
          ensuring affordability and access at public colleges and 








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          universities, and that all financially needy students have the 
          assistance they need to enroll in institutions of higher 
          education and reach their postsecondary education objectives."  
          The author notes that the state does not have a proper 
          accounting of the total costs of educating students at UC or CSU 
          or the actual uses of student fee revenues nor does the state 
          require advance public notice to students or require 
          consultation with students before fees are increased. 

           Systemwide fees  .  There are several types of systemwide fees 
          charged by UC and CSU, and this bill would apply to each of 
          those fees, including application, undergraduate, graduate, 
          teacher credential, doctoral, and professional program fees.  

           Fee history  .  Through 1996, fees at California public 
          postsecondary institutions were governed by the Maddy-Dills Act 
          (Act), which was enacted by the Legislature in 1985 to provide 
          for a statewide fee policy.  The Act required fees to be 
          gradual, moderate and predictable; increases to be limited to 
          10% a year; and, fixed at least 10 months prior to the fall term 
          in which they were to become effective.  The policy also 
          required sufficient financial aid to offset fee increases.  Even 
          with this policy, when the state faced serious budgetary 
          challenges in the early to mid-1990s, these provisions were set 
          aside, typically through "notwithstanding" language in budget 
          trailer bills, in order to provide flexibility to UC and CSU in 
          dealing shortfalls in state General Fund support.  In 1996, the 
          Act was allowed to sunset, and since that time, the state has 
          had no statutory long-term policy to set fees.  

           Fees and the budget  .  There is an implicit policy whereby 
          students and the state are expected to share educational costs, 
          but the relative proportions are dependent on the state's fiscal 
          situation.  As a result, fees have increased steeply during 
          difficult budget years and then gradually declined when the 
          state's fiscal situation improved and more General Fund support 
          could be provided to UC and CSU.  

                       University Funding and Tuition Since 2007-08
          
           ---------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |   Academic Year    |UC Budget |  UC Fee  |   CSU    | CSU Fee  |
          |                    |Reduction |  Change  |  Budget  |  Change  |
          |                    |          |          |Reduction |          |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|








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          |2007-08             |   None   |   8.7%   |   None   |  10.0%   |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2008-09             |   $201   |   7.4%   |   $172   |  10.0%   |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2009-10             |   $610   |   9.3%   |   $610   |  32.1%   |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2009-10 midyear fee |    --    |  15.0%   |    --    |    --    |
          |increase            |          |          |          |          |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2010-11             |   None   |  15.0%   |   None   |   5.0%   |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2010-11 midyear fee |    --    |    --    |    --    |   5.0%   |
          |increase            |          |          |          |          |
          |--------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------|
          |2011-12             |   $750   |  17.7%   |   $750   |22.0%     |
          |                    |          |          |          |          |
           ---------------------------------------------------------------- 

           Public notice and consultation  .  The bill's timelines for 
          consultation, public notification, and delayed implementation of 
          fee increases would require this process to begin at least 11 
          months prior to the start of any academic year for which fee 
          increases are proposed.  To the extent actual state General Fund 
          support provided to UC and/or CSU through the Budget Act is less 
          than the segments assume in preparing their budget proposals, 
          the segments would have to compensate for lower total funding 
          levels through increased efficiencies, program reductions, 
          enrollment reductions, and/or other cost saving measures.  
          However, as was the case when a prior statutory fee policy was 
          in effect (see  Fee history  above), subsequent budget-related 
          legislation could "notwithstand" the requirements of this bill, 
          thus allowing for a supplemental fee increase to fully or 
          partially address a funding shortfall.  The author has agreed to 
          further define the student consultation process.

           Return-to-aid  .  This bill requires allocation of at least 33% of 
          all increases in mandatory fee revenues to institutional 
          financial aid, which is consistent with longstanding practice 
          and policy for undergraduate students at UC and CSU.  This 
          provision applies to undergraduate, graduate, and professional 
          programs, where a one-size-fits-all approach may not be 
          appropriate or in the state's best interests.  

           Terminology:  fees v. tuition  .  This bill would prohibit UC and 
          CSU from changing the terminology of systemwide "fees" to 








                                                                  AB 970
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          "tuition."  California has a long-held policy that its public 
          higher education institutions be tuition-free.   However, 
          various "fees" have been adopted over time, which have become 
          increasingly significant.  The segments believe these fees now 
          resemble what would otherwise be labeled "tuition" (i.e., 
          student charges for teaching expenses), and in November 2010, 
          the UC Regents and the CSU Trustees voted to change their 
          respective terminologies from systemwide "fees" to "tuition."


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960
           
           
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