BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2011-2012 Regular Session


          AB 973 (Campos)
          As Amended May 27, 2011
          Hearing Date: June 21, 2011
          Fiscal: Yes
          Urgency: No
          SK:rm
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                    Trial Courts: Budget Process: Public Notices

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would require trial courts, prior to adopting a 
          baseline budget plan for the fiscal year, to allow public input 
          and comment on the proposed plan and to hold a public hearing on 
          the plan, as specified.  

          Under existing law, a trial court must provide the public with 
          notice 60 days prior to closing a courtroom or closing or 
          reducing the hours of court clerks' offices.  This bill would 
          require that the notice include information on how the public 
          may comment on that plan and would require the court to review 
          and consider all comments received and to provide immediate 
          notification if the plan changes as a result of those comments. 

                                      BACKGROUND  

          As a result of the current fiscal crisis, the Judicial 
          branch-and trial courts in particular-has faced significant 
          funding challenges over the last several years which resulted in 
          an unprecedented one-day per month closure of courthouses across 
          the state.  Although those courthouse closures have generally 
          ended for the time being, the Judicial Council notes that "�i]n 
          an effort to meet these challenges while remaining open on all 
          non-judicial holidays and to preserve as fully as possible 
          access to court services for all litigants, some superior courts 
          may adopt plans to institute limited services days.  A limited 
          services day is one on which a court might close one or more 
          courtrooms or reduce the hours of one or more of its clerks' 
                                                                (more)



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          offices, or both."

          Existing law requires trial courts to notify the public and the 
          Judicial Council 60 days prior to closing a courtroom or closing 
          or reducing the hours of clerks' offices.  The Judicial Council, 
          in turn, must provide this information to the Legislature and 
          post it on its Web site.  That information, which is available 
          at  www.courts.ca.gov/12973.htm  , currently shows that seven 
          counties have notified the Judicial Council of limited service 
          hours which range from reducing the hours of clerks' offices to 
          providing that a court may meet in a community once every other 
          month rather than once every month.

          This bill, sponsored by the American Federation of State, County 
          and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), AFL-CIO, would provide for 
          public comment and review concerning a court's plan to close a 
          courtroom or close or reduce the hours of clerks' offices.  The 
          bill would also require a trial court to hold a public hearing 
          on its proposed baseline budget plan prior to its adoption.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           1.Existing law  authorizes the Judicial Council, as part of its 
            trial court budget process, to seek input from groups and 
            individuals as it deems appropriate.  Existing law specifies 
            that the trial court budget process may include, among other 
            things, the: (a) receipt of budget requests from the trial 
            courts; (b) review of trial courts' budget requests; (c) 
            annual adoption of the projected cost of court operations in 
            the subsequent fiscal year; (d) annual approval of a schedule 
            for the allocation of moneys to individual courts and an 
            overall trial court budget; (e) reallocation of funds during 
            the fiscal year to ensure equal access to the trial courts by 
            the public, to improve trial court operations, and to meet 
            trial court emergencies; and (f) establishment of rules 
            regarding a court's authority to transfer trial court funding 
            moneys from one functional category to another in order to 
            address needs in any functional category.  (Gov. Code Sec. 
            68502.5(a).)

           Existing law  provides that the Judicial Council shall retain the 
            ultimate responsibility to adopt a budget and allocate funding 
            for the trial courts and perform the other activities listed 
            above that best assure the courts' ability to carry out their 
            functions, promote implementation of statewide policies, and 
            promote the immediate implementation of efficiencies and cost 
                                                                      



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            saving measures in court operations, in order to guarantee 
            equal access to the courts.  (Gov. Code Sec. 68502.5(c).)

           Existing rules of court  provide for the inspection and copying 
            of judicial administrative records, unless the records are 
            exempt.  (California Rules of Court, Rule 10.500.)

           This bill  would require a trial court, prior to adopting a 
            baseline budget plan for the fiscal year, to provide the 
            public with notice of the plan and an opportunity for input by 
            the submission of written comments.  

           This bill  would also require the court to hold a public hearing, 
            including public comment, on its proposed budget plan in a 
            place that is reasonably accessible to the residents of the 
            county in which the court is located, such as the courthouse. 

           This bill  would provide that, prior to conducting the hearing, 
            the court must provide notice of the hearing date, time, and 
            location.  That notice must be posted not less than 10 court 
            days prior to the date of the hearing and must be posted 
            within or about the court's facilities, on its Web site, and 
            by electronic distribution to individuals who have subscribed 
            to the court's electronic distribution service.

           This bill  would require that the proposed baseline budget plan 
            be made available to the public at the courthouse and on the 
            court's Web site no less than three court days prior to the 
            hearing. 

           This bill  would specify that these requirements shall not be 
            construed to obligate courts to provide responses to the 
            comments presented at the public hearing or to written 
            comments received. 

           2.Existing law  requires a trial court to provide written notice 
            to the public not less than 60 days prior to closing any 
            courtroom, or closing or reducing the hours of clerks' offices 
            during regular business hours.  That notice shall be provided 
            by conspicuous posting within or about its facilities, on its 
            Web site, and to the Judicial Council.  The notice must 
            include the scope of the closure or reduction in hours, and 
            the financial constraints or other reasons that make the 
            closure or reduction necessary.  (Gov. Code Sec. 68106(b).)

           Existing law  requires the Judicial Council, within 15 days of 
                                                                      



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            receiving the notice, to post the information on its Web site 
            and to provide the Senate and Assembly Judiciary Committees 
            and the Senate Committee on Budget and Fiscal Review, and the 
            Assembly Committee on Budget with copies of the notices.  
            Existing law provides that the Legislature intends to review 
            this information to ensure that California trial courts remain 
            open and accessible to the public.  (Gov. Code Sec. 68106(b).)

           This bill  would require a trial court to additionally provide 
            the notice described above electronically to individuals who 
            have subscribed to the court's electronic distribution 
            service.

           This bill  would provide that the notice shall include 
            information on how the public may provide written comments 
            during the 60-day period regarding the court's plan for 
            closing a courtroom or closing or reducing clerks' office 
            hours.

           This bill  would require the court, if its plan changes as a 
            result of the comments received, to immediately provide notice 
            to the public by posting a revised notice within or about its 
            facilities, on its Web site, and by electronic distribution to 
            individuals who have subscribed to the court's electronic 
            distribution service.

           This bill  would require the court to review and consider all 
            comments received, but would provide that these requirements 
            shall not be construed to obligate courts to provide responses 
            to the comments received.
                                        COMMENT
           
          1.  Stated need for the bill  
          
          The author writes:
          
            Since the enactment of the Trial Court Funding Act of 1997, 
            the mechanisms for public oversight and accountability of the 
            California Superior Courts �were] removed.  Existing law 
            requires a decentralized system of trial court management 
            managed by a Presiding Judge.  The Superior Courts are also 
            not subject to the provisions of the Brown Act or the 
            Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act.

            Neither the Legislature nor the Judicial Council of California 
            has ultimate responsibility for the daily operations of the 
                                                                      



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            trial courts and the services provided to the public; that 
            responsibility rests with each Superior Court.  However, the 
            Superior Courts are not required by either the Brown Act or 
            the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act to conduct public meetings, 
            and Superior Courts do not voluntarily do so. 

          Sponsor, American Federation of State, County and Municipal 
          Employees (AFSCME), AFL-CIO, writes that prior to the enactment 
          of the Trial Court Funding Act of 1997, "the Courts were under 
          the jurisdiction of the county governments.  During this time, 
          the public was afforded the opportunity to provide their direct 
          input over the administration of local court operations.  They 
          were able to express their opinions at County Board of 
          Supervisor meetings and to elect individuals who had the 
          ultimate responsibility of overseeing daily court operations."  
          AFSCME writes that this bill would "restore public oversight and 
          accountability to the California Superior Court system."  
          
          2.  Bill would provide for additional public input on court 
            budgets and plans for closure or reduction in service hours; 
            Judicial Council neutral; support if amended  

          As described in more detail below, this bill would require a 
          trial court to hold a public hearing on its proposed baseline 
          budget plan and would provide for public comment and review 
          concerning a court's plan to close a courtroom or close or 
          reduce the hours of clerks' offices.

          The Judicial Council of California has a neutral position on 
          this bill and would support the measure if it were amended to 
          permit trial courts to either conduct a public hearing or accept 
          written testimony prior to adopting a baseline budget plan for 
          the fiscal year.  On this point, the Judicial Council writes:

            During a time when staff resources are being stretched as far 
            as possible in order to meet the court's workload in light of 
            growing vacancy rates, diverting staff for this new task could 
            have the unintended result of impacting the ability of a court 
            to meet its constitutional and statutory obligations.  These 
            concerns would be alleviated, and the Judicial Council would 
            be pleased to support your bill if it allowed trial courts the 
            flexibility either to conduct public hearings or to accept 
            written testimony consistent with the needs of the community 
            and the available resources of the court.

          As the Judicial Council notes, in recent years the judicial 
                                                                      



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          branch has faced significant reductions in its budget at a time 
          that caseloads are growing and demands on staff have increased.  
          These reductions have had significant impacts.  For example, San 
          Francisco Superior Court just announced plans to lay off 200 
          employees (nearly 41 percent of its workforce) and close 25 
          courtrooms.  ("SF Superior Prepares for Layoffs," Daily Journal, 
          June 17, 2011.)  It is not inaccurate to say that access to 
          justice is threatened as courtrooms have closed and clerks' 
          offices have reduced their hours.  

          Given the reductions already incurred by the courts, the 
          continuing fiscal crisis, and the resultant threat to access to 
          justice, the Committee should consider amending the bill to 
          allow a court to either conduct a public hearing or accept 
          written testimony.  The following amendments would achieve this:

             Suggested amendment  : 

            On page 4, line 8, delete "and" and insert "or"

            On page 4, line 26, after "hearing" insert "or, if there is no 
            hearing, adoption of the plan"

          Alternatively, the Committee may instead wish to delay the 
          operation of the mandatory public hearing provisions for three 
          years so that they would not take effect until January 1, 2015.  
           

             Suggested amendment  : 

            On page 4, after line 29, insert "This section shall not take 
            effect until January 1, 2015."

              a.   Bill would require public hearing prior to adoption of 
               baseline budget plan
              
            Under this bill, a trial court would be required to hold a 
            public hearing on its baseline budget plan prior to adopting 
            that plan.  The trial court would have to provide notice of 
            the hearing, which must occur in the county in which the court 
            is located, at least 10 court days prior to the date of the 
            hearing.  That notice must be posted within or about the 
            court's facilities, on its Web site, and by electronic 
            distribution to individuals who have subscribed to the court's 
            electronic distribution service.  In addition, the court must 
            make the proposed baseline budget plan available to the public 
                                                                      



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            at the courthouse and on the court's Web site no less than 
            three court days prior to the hearing.  
            This bill would also permit the public to submit written 
            comments and would specify that the court is not obligated to 
            provide responses to any comments received, including comments 
            presented at the public hearing. 

            As the author and sponsor note, trial courts are not subject 
            to either the Ralph M. Brown Act (Gov. Code Sec. 54950 et 
            seq.), which provides the public with access to local public 
            agency information, or the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act (Gov. 
            Code Sec. 11120 et seq.), which provides public access to 
            state public agency meetings.  The Judicial branch is also 
            exempt from the provisions of the Public Records Act (Gov. 
            Code Sec. 6250 et seq.) which provides public access to 
            records of state and local agencies.

            Instead, the California Rules of Court provide public access 
            to judicial administrative records, including records of 
            budget and management information relating to the 
            administration of the courts.  Under the Rules of Court, 
            budget information submitted to the Administrative Office of 
            the Courts after enactment of the annual Budget Act and any 
            other budget and expenditure document pertaining to the 
            administrative operation of the courts, including quarterly 
            financial statements and statements of revenue, expenditure, 
            and reserves are both subject to public inspection and 
            copying.  (California Rules of Court, Rule 10.500.)

            This bill seeks to provide public access to a trial court's 
            baseline budget plan prior to its adoption and to also provide 
            for an opportunity for the public to comment on that plan, 
            both in writing and in public testimony at a hearing on the 
            plan.  The bill specifies that a trial court is not obligated 
            to provide responses to comments which are presented at the 
            public hearing or submitted in writing.

            The bill also provides that the public hearing on the budget 
            plan must be held in the county in which the court is located; 
            however, the court may conduct the hearing at the courthouse 
            in order to help alleviate any challenges associated with 
            locating a suitable public hearing space. 

              b.   Bill would provide opportunity to comment on a trial 
               court's plans for closure or reduction in service hours
              
                                                                      



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            Existing law requires trial courts to notify the public and 
            the Judicial Council at least 60 days prior to closing a 
            courtroom or closing or reducing the hours of clerks' offices. 
             This bill would permit the public to submit written comments 
            during this 60-day period and would require the court to 
            review and consider all comments received.  A court would not, 
            however, be required to provide responses to those comments.

            Should the plan for closure or reduced hours be changed as a 
            result of the comments received, this bill would require the 
            court to immediately provide notice to the public and the 
            Judicial Council.  That public notice must be provided by 
            posting a revised notice within or about its facilities, on 
            its Web site, and by electronic distribution to individuals 
            who have subscribed to the court's electronic distribution 
            service.  

            In some cases, however, a plan for closure or reduced hours 
            may change for reasons other than as a result of the comments 
            received.  In that case, it is equally important to provide 
            the public with notice of the revised plans for closure or 
            reduced hours, particularly if it means that a courtroom or 
            clerks' offices will be closed for additional hours or days 
            than originally planned.  The following amendment would ensure 
            that revised public notice is given:

             Suggested amendment:
             
            On page 3, line 20, after "received" insert "or for any other 
            reason"

            This bill would not change existing law which requires that, 
            within 15 days of receiving notice from a trial court of a 
            closure or reduced hours, the Judicial Council must post the 
            information on its Web site and provide the Senate and 
            Assembly Judiciary Committees and the Senate Committee on 
            Budget and Fiscal Review, and the Assembly Committee on Budget 
            with copies of the notices.  Consistent with existing law, 
            this information is helpful to ensure that trial courts remain 
            open and accessible to the public. 


           Support  :  San Bernardino Public Employees Union (SBPEA); San 
          Luis Obispo County Employees Association (SLOCEA); Service 
          Employees International Union (SEIU)
           
                                                                      



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          Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  American Federation of State, County and Municipal 
          Employees (AFSCME), AFL-CIO

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Vote  :

          Assembly Floor (Ayes 51, Noes 24)
          Assembly Appropriations Committee (Ayes 12, Noes 5)
          Assembly Judiciary Committee (Ayes 7, Noes 2)

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