BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1077
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 18, 2011

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                   AB 1077 (Carter) - As Amended:  April 28, 2011 

          Policy Committee:                              Water, Parks and 
          Wildlife     Vote:                            9-4

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill prohibits a person from developing land within 
          two-and-a-half miles of Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park 
          in a manner the State Parks and Recreation Commission 
          determines, after public hearing, is incompatible with the 
          historical, cultural, or recreational significant of the park.  
          The bill allows a determination of incompatibility to be 
          appealed to the Secretary for Natural Resources. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)Minor, absorbable costs to the Department of Parks and 
            Recreation to consider proposed land uses within 
            two-and-a-half miles of the park.

          2)Potential costs of an unknown amount, but likely substantial, 
            resulting from legal challenges brought by property owners, 
            who as a result of this bill, are unable to develop their 
            properties as they would like.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale.   The author describes the intent of this bill as 
            seeking to support growth and economic development around the 
            park while also protecting the unique cultural and historical 
            aspects of the park.

          2)Background.   The Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park was 
            set aside to preserve and honor a unique part of California's 
            history at the town of Allensworth.  Allensworth is the only 
            California town founded, financed and governed by African 








                                                                  AB 1077
                                                                  Page  2

            Americans.  The small farming community was founded in 1908 by 
            Colonel Allen Allensworth and others dedicated to improving 
            the economic and social status of African Americans.  
            Uncontrollable circumstances, including a drop in the area's 
            water table, the onset of the Great Depression, and arsenic 
            contamination of groundwater wells, led to the town's demise.  


            In 1974 California State Parks purchased land within the 
            historical townsite of Allensworth, which became Colonel 
            Allensworth State Historic Park. The park includes restored 
            and reconstructed buildings, including houses, a schoolhouse, 
            a church, and library.

            In 2007, the Tulare County Board of Supervisors approved a 
            final environmental impact report (EIR) and special use permit 
            to allow the Etchegaray Dairies to operate near the park's 
            periphery, despite concerns about the compatibility of the 
            dairy with the park filed by state and federal agencies.  The 
            Attorney General filed suit against the county, alleging 
            violations of the California Environmental Quality Act, 
            including that the EIR failed to meaningfully evaluate the 
            impact of the dairy on the unique historical resources and 
            setting of Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park, and that 
            it did not adequately address environmental impacts on the 
            adjacent Pixley National Wildlife Refuge and Allensworth 
            Ecological Reserve.  The issue was resolved by a deal, 
            negotiated between the Department of Parks Recreation and the 
            landowners, for the purchase of a conservation easement by the 
            state that prevented establishment of the dairy.

           3)State Law Restricts Land Use for a Variety of Reasons.   State 
            government has the authority to regulate land use and 
            exercises that authority regularly. For example, to protect 
            public safety, the state restricts building construction 
            within the vicinity of earthquake faults.  Similarly, the 
            state prohibits certain uses of land, such as illegal drug 
            cultivation, again in the interest of public safety.   

             This bill differs from those examples in that it seeks to 
            restrict use of land in the interest of public welfare, 
            specifically the cultural, historic and recreational value of 
            Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park.  It is unknown 
            whether the state has exercised its land use authority in this 
            way in another instance to protect public welfare.  More 








                                                                  AB 1077
                                                                  Page  3

            typically, the state would influence land use decisions that 
            do not affect public safety through lobbying local land use 
            authorities, purchasing easements, or, in more extreme cases, 
            using eminent domain.  Notably, the state typically 
            compensates a land owner when it exercises either of these 
            latter two options.

            However, the bill declares the unique historical and cultural 
            resources of the park.  If the Legislature accepts those 
            declarations, then the state may be justified in a unique 
            exercise, or at least rare application, of its land use 
            authority to protect public welfare.  In addition, this bill 
            does not prohibit all uses of land within the area around the 
            park, only those uses that the commission finds to be 
            incompatible with the historical, cultural, or recreational 
            significance of the park.  Nonetheless, the state is likely to 
            face legal challenge by those who feel their property rights 
            and material interests have been harmed as a result of this 
            bill.

           4)Related Legislation.   In 2007, this author introduced AB 576, 
            which would have prohibited certain land uses, such as 
            diaries, within five miles of the park.  The author dropped 
            the bill following placement of the easement on proposed dairy 
            site.  
           
           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jay Dickenson / APPR. / (916) 319-2081