BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1151 (Feuer and Blumenfield)
          As Amended May 5, 2011
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           9-0         PUBLIC EMPLOYEES    6-0         
           
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          |Ayes:|Feuer, Wagner, Atkins,    |Ayes:|Furutani, Mansoor, Allen, |
          |     |Dickinson, Huber,         |     |Harkey, Ma, Wieckowski    |
          |     |Huffman, Jones, Monning,  |     |                          |
          |     |Wieckowski                |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           APPROPRIATIONS      17-0                                        
           
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          |Ayes:|Fuentes, Harkey,          |     |                          |
          |     |Blumenfield, Bradford,    |     |                          |
          |     |Charles Calderon, Campos, |     |                          |
          |     |Davis, Donnelly, Gatto,   |     |                          |
          |     |Hall, Hill, Lara,         |     |                          |
          |     |Mitchell, Nielsen, Norby, |     |                          |
          |     |Solorio, Wagner           |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Amends the California Public Divest from Iran Act 
          (Act) to, among other things, clarify that pension boards must 
          divest pension funds, as specified, unless to do so would breach 
          a fiduciary duty; modify the types of companies that fall within 
          the scope of the bill; and, require that certain findings and 
          determinations must be made in noticed public hearings.  
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Provides that the boards of California Public Employees' 
            Retirement System (CalPERS) and California State Teachers' 
            Retirement System (CalSTRS) (boards) shall not invest public 
            employee retirement funds in a company which has specified  
            business operations in Iran, as identified by the boards 
            through publicly available information, if the company meets 
            either of the following criteria:

             a)   The company is invested in or engaged in business 








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               operations with entities in the defense or nuclear sectors 
               of Iran, or has an investment of $20 million or more in the 
               energy sector of Iran, including a company that provides 
               oil or liquefied natural gas tankers, or products used to 
               construct or maintain pipelines used to transport oil or 
               liquefied natural gas, for the energy sector of Iran, and 
               that company is subject to sanctions under relevant federal 
               law; or, 

             b)   The company has demonstrated complicity with an Iranian 
               organization that has been labeled as a terrorist 
               organization by the United States (U.S.) government. 

          2)Requires the boards to annually review their investment 
            portfolios based on publicly available information.
             
          3)Requires that the boards' determination as to whether a 
            company is subject to, or remains subject to, divestment be 
            based on credible information available to the public and 
            supported by findings adopted by a roll call vote in open 
            session during a properly noticed public hearing of the full 
            board.  Requires further that all proposed findings of the 
            boards shall be made public 72 hours before they are 
            considered by the full board, and the boards shall maintain a 
            list of interest parties who shall be notified. 

          4)Provides that if a company fails to take substantial action, 
            as defined, within one year, then the boards shall not make 
            additional, or renew, investments in that company, and, 
            thereafter, the boards shall liquidate investments in this 
            company within 18 months in a manner consistent with its 
            fiduciary responsibilities. 

          5)Specifies that nothing in this bill would require the boards 
            to take an action pursuant to the above provisions if the 
            boards determine, in good faith, that an action would be a 
            breach of the fiduciary responsibilities of the board as 
            described in the California constitution.  However, any 
            determination that an action would be a breach fiduciary duty 
            shall be made in a public hearing of the full board after 
            proper notice and an opportunity for public comment. 

          6)Eliminates existing exemptions from the Act for companies 
            engaged in certain humanitarian, educational, religious, 








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            journalistic, or welfare activities. 

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Prohibits the boards from investing public employee retirement 
            funds in a company which has business operations in Iran if 
            the company:  a) is invested in or engaged in business 
            operations with entities in the defense or nuclear sectors in 
            Iran or involved in the development of petroleum or natural 
            gas resources of Iran; OR, b) has demonstrated complicity with 
            an Iranian organization that has been labeled as a terrorist 
            organization by the U.S. government.  

          2)Requires the boards to identify and notify any company that 
            may be subject to divestment.  If the company fails to take 
            corrective measures within one year, as specified, then the 
            board shall not make any new or additional investments in that 
            company and, thereafter, shall liquidate existing investments 
            within 18 months.  

          3)Requires that the boards shall file an annual report with the 
            Legislature detailing relevant investments in companies 
            subject to divestment, any actions that the boards have taken 
            to reduce investments, and a calculation of any costs or 
            losses associated with compliance.  

          4)Specifies that the above provisions do not require the boards 
            to take a divestment action unless the boards determine, in 
            good faith, that the action is consistent with its fiduciary 
            responsibilities.  

          5)Exempts from the above provisions companies that are engaged 
            in humanitarian, educational, religious, journalistic, or 
            welfare activities.  

          6)Provides that the above provisions shall cease to operate if 
            Iran is removed from the U. S. Department of State's list of 
            countries that have been determined to support international 
            terrorism AND the President of U.S., as provided by federal 
            law, determines that Iran has ceased its efforts to design, 
            develop, manufacture, or acquire a nuclear explosive device or 
            related materials or technology.  

          7)Provides that the board of a public pension fund shall have 








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            sole and exclusive fiduciary responsibility over the assets of 
            the public pension fund and that the members of the board 
            shall discharge their duties solely in the interest of 
            providing benefits to participants and their beneficiaries.  
            However, the Legislature may by statute prohibit certain 
            investments where it is in the public interest to do so, and 
            provided that any prohibition satisfies the standards of 
            fiduciary care, as specified.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, CalPERS estimates the costs of implementing the 
          provisions of this bill are an additional $850,000 to $1,275,000 
          because the bill would have the Board of Administration hold 
          hearings, make determinations and produce a report on a 
          quarterly instead of annual basis.  Ongoing monitoring costs 
          under existing law are approximately $550,000 annually for 
          CalPERS staff costs and external fiduciary counsel and this 
          amount is not expected to change.   
           
          COMMENTS  :  Existing law prohibits the boards of CalPERS and 
          CalSTRS (boards) from making new investments in companies that 
          do business in Iran's energy sector and generally requires the 
          boards to liquidate existing investments in such companies.  
          This bill seeks to clarify that these actions are required 
          unless doing so would constitute a breach of the boards' 
          constitutionally-mandated fiduciary responsibilities.  In 
          addition, this bill would require that certain board 
          determinations be adopted by a rollcall vote at a noticed public 
          hearing.  

          AB 221 (Anderson) Chapter 671, Statutes of 2007, enacts the 
          California Public Divest from Iran Act.  This legislation 
          prohibits the boards of CalPERS and CalSTRS from investing 
          public employee retirement funds in companies that have 
          specified energy- or defense-related operations in Iran.  In 
          addition, AB 221 required the boards to independently review 
          publicly available information regarding companies with business 
          operations in Iran and, based on that review, to notify such 
          companies that they must take "substantial action" to reduce or 
          eliminate investments in Iran or face the prospect of withdrawal 
          of public pension funds.  If the company fails to satisfactorily 
          take substantial action within a year, then the boards of 
          CalPERS and CalSTRS are required to liquidate investments in 
          that company within 18 months.  








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          Existing law, however, contains a significant loophole:  it 
          specifies that CalPERS and CalSTRS are only required to divest 
          funds to the extent that it is "consistent" with their fiduciary 
          responsibilities.  The authors of this bill point to recent 
          legislative oversight hearings which found that CalPERS has 
          "increased investments in several energy companies doing 
          business in Iran, while decreasing investments in other energy 
          companies which do not do business in Iran."  Arguably, one of 
          the reasons CalPERS has not been as successful in achieving 
          divestment as one might hope is a byproduct of the somewhat 
          vague standard that requires divestment only if doing so is 
          "consistent" with a board's fiduciary responsibilities.  It is 
          not clear what "consistent" means in this context, and the word 
          "consistent" has no meaning in case law defining the scope of 
          fiduciary duties.  For example, would an action be 
          "inconsistent" with fiduciary responsibilities only if it rose 
          to the level to a "breach" of fiduciary responsibility, or could 
          something less than a legal breach be "inconsistent" with that 
          responsibility?  

          In order to clarify this issue, this bill would clearly state 
          that a board is required to take a divestment action unless to 
          do so would create a "breach of fiduciary responsibility," a 
          term which has a more definite legal meaning.  In addition, this 
          bill seeks to increase greater accountability and transparency 
          by requiring that certain board findings and determinations be 
          adopted at a noticed public hearing.  Specifically, existing law 
          requires the boards to request that a notified company take 
          "substantial action," as specified, toward curtailing business 
          in Iran and requires the boards to determine a company's 
          compliance at 90-day intervals.  This bill would require that 
          the determinations be based on credible information available to 
          the public and be adopted by a rollcall vote at a properly 
          noticed public hearing of the full board.  In addition, this 
          bill would require that any determination that an action would 
          be a breach of fiduciary duty similarly be adopted by a rollcall 
          of the full board following a presentation and discussion of 
          findings in an open session, during a properly noticed public 
          hearing. 

          According to the authors, even though existing law requires 
          California public pension funds to divest from companies doing 
          business with Iran, "CalPERS continues to invest in companies 








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          with interests in Iran and has failed to satisfactorily comply 
          with statutorily mandated reporting requirements to the 
          Legislature."  In support of this position, the authors point to 
          a 2010 legislative oversight hearing showing that CalPERS has 
          "increased investments in several energy companies doing 
          business in Iran, while decreasing investments in other energy 
          companies that do not do business with Iran."  In addition, the 
          authors contend that CalPERS required report to the Legislature 
          failed to adequately explain why CalPERS continues to invest in 
          companies that do business with Iran.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Thomas Clark / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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