BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1182
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1182 (Roger Hernández)
          As Introduced  February 18, 2011
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      4-2         APPROPRIATIONS      11-6        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Beall, Ammiano, Hall,     |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Portantino                |     |Bradford, Charles         |
          |     |                          |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |
          |     |                          |     |Hall, Hill, Lara,         |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell, Solorio         |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Jones, Grove              |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly, Gatto,  |
          |     |                          |     |Nielsen, Norby, Wagner    |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Deletes the requirement that county welfare 
          departments assess the value of a vehicle when determining and 
          re-determining eligibility for applicants and recipients of 
          California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids 
          (CalWORKs) program.  

           EXISTING LAW  :  Imposes limits on the amount of income and 
          personal and real property an individual or family may possess 
          in order to be eligible for aid under the CalWORKs program, 
          including that assets shall not exceed the following: 

          1)$2,000 in savings and $3,000 for a family with a member age 60 
            or above; 

          2)One house that the family lives in;

          3)One car with a value of $4,650 or less; and,

          4)Savings and interests in restricted federally qualified 
            accounts for the purpose of saving for college, retirement, 
            starting a business, purchasing a home, or overcoming an 
            episode of homelessness.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee,








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          1)On-going savings in the CalWORKs program of $4 million 
            (TANF/MOE) per year.

             a)   Grant cost of $800,000 (TANF/MOE) for 2011-2012, 
               increasing to $5.7 million (TANF/MOE) in 2012-13 onward due 
               to an increased CalWORKs caseload.

             b)   Savings of $5 million (TANF/MOE) in 2011-2012, growing 
               to $9.7 million (TANF/MOE) in 2012-2013 and beyond due to 
               reduced administrative workload. 

          2)Actual administrative savings would likely be less as the 
            CalWORKs program has not received funding increases to keep 
            pace with actual operations costs since 2001.  In addition, 
            county welfare departments have sustained hundreds of millions 
            of dollars of cuts over the last several years, including a 
            cut of $425 million to CalWORKs administration and services 
            for the coming year alone.  However, reducing the workload 
            associated with CalWORKs eligibility could help relieve the 
            funding pressures faced by county welfare departments.

           COMMENTS  :  The author seeks to encourage CalWORKs families to 
          build their personal savings and asset accumulation in order to 
          become self-reliant and end their dependence on government 
          assistance.  An additional goal is to reduce the administrative 
          burden on local welfare agencies by streamlining the application 
          process, simplifying the program rules, decreasing paperwork and 
          cutting down on county time that would be better served on the 
          other human services programs it is entrusted by the state to 
          administer.  Indeed, since 2001, counties have been underfunded 
          for their cost of doing business by $1.2 billion.

          To accomplish this, this bill would modify the following 
          CalWORKs state eligibility rules by 
          eliminating the requirement that each family have a vehicle 
          worth no more than $4,650.

           Asset building for CalWORKs :  According to the New America 
          Foundation, a think tank that advances policy initiatives such 
          as asset building for low-income families, "For families making 
          the difficult transition from welfare-to-work, developing assets 
          is critical to achieving true economic independence.  In order 
          to prevent a complete backslide to public assistance, low income 








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          working families must begin to develop their own safety nets 
          through personal saving for use in the event of an unexpected 
          income shock due to illness or temporary employment.  As 
          personal saving is essential to achieving self-sufficiency, the 
          stated goal of the CalWORKs program,  saving should be 
          encouraged, not penalized  , by welfare policy and social service 
          agencies."  At present, applicants and recipients of the 
          CalWORKs program find their progress restricted by an asset 
          limit which restricts families to no more than $2,000 in savings 
          and one car with a value of no more than $4,650.  

          Asset limits are doing more harm than good for three reasons:  
          1) Inefficient:  because counties are forced to administer a 
          complex asset test on low-income households that studies have 
          shown are without assets; 2) counterproductive:  because 
          achieving economic security requires the accumulation of 
          savings; and, assets limits discourage families from building 
          their savings; and, 3) inequitable:  because they completely 
          exclude families who have only slightly more economic resources 
          from participation than families who are currently eligible for 
          the benefits.

          Michael Sherraden writes in his 1991 book, Assets and the Poor, 
          "For the vast majority of households, pathway out of poverty is 
          not through consumption, but through savings and accumulation.  
          Simply stated, not many people manage to spend their way out of 
          poverty."

          This bill would eliminate the vehicle asset test in its entirety 
          from consideration for eligibility into the CalWORKs program and 
          at annual redeterminations.

           Case for eliminating the vehicle test  :  The vehicle test was 
          last increased 15 years ago.  According to the author, 
          California is currently tied with Texas and Idaho in having the 
          most restrictive asset test for vehicles of any state in the 
          country.  The following is the vehicle asset policy of the rest 
          of the nation:

             1)   Twelve states exclude all vehicles owned by the 
               household.

             2)   Fifteen exclude at least one vehicle per household.









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             3)   Twenty have substantially increased the value of the 
               vehicle exclusion.

               In comparison, California employs a much more restrictive 
               vehicle asset test.  The author states that this policy 
               undermines a worker's ability to gain and maintain 
               employment, thereby encouraging continued reliance on 
               public assistance.  

             Streamlining and program alignment  :  Counties administer the 
            CalFresh, MediCal, and CalWORKs programs and most, if not all, 
            of those programs serve the same client.  Despite the obvious 
            streamlining that could occur by eliminating the vehicle test, 
            it has remained a part of CalWORKs eligibility.

             Transportation is a primary barrier to employment  :  Lastly, a 
            recent report by the County of Los Angeles on the 
            transportation barriers faced by low-income families concludes 
            that "car ownership is strongly correlated with employment 
            status, and increases the likelihood of employment."  The 
            study found that welfare-to-work recipients without a vehicle 
            were 31% more likely to indicate that they face difficulty in 
            seeking work, while those with a vehicle were 20% more likely 
            to be gainfully employed.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Frances Chacon / HUM. S. / (916) 
          319-2089 


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