BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






          SENATE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT & RETIREMENT   BILL NO:  AB 1248
          Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair Hearing date:  June 27, 2011
          AB 1248 (Hueso)    as amended  5/23/11        FISCAL:  NO

           PUBLIC EMPLOYEES:  SOCIAL SECURITY COVERAGE FOR PUBLIC 
          EMPLOYEES NOT COVERED UNDER A DEFINED BENEFIT PLAN
           
           HISTORY  :

              Sponsor:  Author

              Prior legislation:  None


           ASSEMBLY VOTES  :

              Rules           9-0            4/28/11
              PER & SS             4-1       5/04/11
              Assembly Floor       53-24     5/23/11
              Assembly Floor       52-24     5/27/11
           

          SUMMARY  : 

          AB 1248 requires all local public employers to provide Social 
          Security coverage to any employee not covered under a defined 
          benefit retirement plan.


           BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS  : 
          
          1)   Existing state laws  :

            a)  create public retirement systems for public employees, 
              which, in general, provide defined benefits that are 
              calculated by multiplying a member's age factor, years of 
              service, and highest average compensation, as specified 
              by the retirement system.

            b)  specify that a defined benefit is paid as a retirement 
              allowance for the member-retiree's lifetime and, as an 
              option to the member, the lifetime of his or her survivor 
              at a reduced actuarial amount.
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          Date:  6/22/11                                         Page 1 











            c)  in general, require that an employee who works a 50% or 
              higher time base must be included in the employer's 
              defined benefit retirement plan.

          2)   Existing federal laws  :

            a)  require that employees be mandatorily included in 
              Federal Old Age and Survivor's Insurance (i.e., Social 
              Security) unless they are members of a public retirement 
              system.

            b)  require a public employer that does not provide Social 
              Security to provide a retirement benefit meeting minimum 
              standards, as specified by federal regulations.

            c)  allow public employers to contract to provide Social 
              Security coverage for their employees.

          3)   Who has Social Security  ?


             ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
            |         SS Coverage          |          No SS Coverage          |
            |------------------------------+----------------------------------|
            |State Miscellaneous and       |State Safety, Peace               |
            |Industrial, including         |Officer/Firefighter, Patrol       |
            |Judicial and Legislative      |                                  |
            |Branches                      |                                  |
            |------------------------------+----------------------------------|
            |School Classified Employees   |Teachers                          |
            |------------------------------+----------------------------------|
            |Most Local Miscellaneous or   |Some Local Miscellaneous Members  |
            |General Members               |                                  |
            |------------------------------+----------------------------------|
            |Some Local Safety Members     |Most Local Safety Members         |
             ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

            As noted above, most local public employers have programs 
            similar to the state employee program in which 
            miscellaneous or general employees are included in Social 
            Security, and safety employees are not.  However, some 
            local employers have opted to cover all employees under 
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          Date:  6/22/11                                         Page 2 










            Social Security (including Safety employees) and some local 
            employers have opted to stay out of Social Security 
            entirely for all employees (even General or Miscellaneous 
            employees).

            Up until 1951, public employees were not included in Social 
            Security.  In 1951, states were given the option of 
            including employees in Social Security.  In 1991, federal 
            laws changed once more, and all employees have since then 
            been required to be covered by Social Security unless they 
            are public employees and covered under a pension plan that 
            meets the minimum federal requirements for coverage.  The 
            federal laws, however, do not require that the coverage be 
            under a traditional defined benefit plan.

          4)   Part-time, Seasonal, and Temporary Employees
          
             One group of employees does not fit neatly into this 
            either/or scenario.  Part-time, seasonal, and temporary 
            employees often do not work enough hours to be included in 
            the public employer's defined benefit plan.  Some of those 
            employers do not provide Social Security either.  In such 
            cases, the employer must provide an alternate retirement 
            plan that meets federal requirements.  For example, the 
            State Teacher's Retirement System administers the Cash 
            Benefit Program for part-time teachers, which is separate 
            and different from the main defined benefit plan, and may 
            be paid at retirement as a lifetime annuity or as a 
            lump-sum. Similarly, the Department of Personnel 
            Administration administers an alternate retirement plan for 
            part-time, seasonal, and temporary state employees.

            Some alternate retirement plans are provided in addition to 
            Social Security, and some are stand-alone programs offered 
            in lieu of Social Security.

            This bill could have the effect of forcing those employers 
            who only have alternate plans for their part-time, 
            seasonal, and temporary employees to provide social 
            Security benefits as well.

            The committee recommends that the bill be amended to 
            grandfather existing alternate benefit plans for public 
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          Date:  6/22/11                                         Page 3 










            employers that are currently in effect before being 
            referred out of the committee.  The committee is informed 
            by the author that the bill is not intended to create new 
            costs for public employers or employees, and responds that 
            he will offer amendments in committee to amend the bill as 
            recommended.

           FISCAL  :

          Unknown, but could be substantial for some employers if they 
          are required to provide defined pension benefits or Social 
          Security in addition to, or instead of, the alternate 
          retirement benefits they currently provide for specified 
          employees.
           

          COMMENTS  :

          1)   Arguments in Support  

          According to the author:

               In 1981, San Diego determined to opt out of Social 
               Security and provide its employees its own defined 
               benefit pension plan.  Today, San Diego would like to 
               eliminate the defined benefit pension plan by vote of 
               the people and replace it with a 401(k) plan?Volatility 
               in the stock market raises concerns about the security 
               of defined contribution retirement systems.  This 
               volatility becomes an even larger concern for workers 
               who would not be covered under the federal Social 
               Security system.

               Allowing local governments to offer a 401(k) only 
               retirement system will leave workers without a financial 
               safety net in their retirement years and will shift the 
               burden to the state in the long-run.  If retired workers 
               require health services, Medi-Cal will have to step in.  
               Our state's budget for Medi-Cal today is $41 billion, 
               $13 billion of which comes directly from the state's 
               general fund.  If workers do not have enough money in 
               their 401(k) when they retire, as is common with 401(k) 
               plans, California will have to supplement their income 
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               through our already burdened SSI/SSP program.  These 
               costs are currently $2.7 billion and already represent 
               the highest figures in the nation.  Allowing California 
               workers to participate in the Social Security System 
               will protect them in the future.

          California School Employees Association supports AB 1248, 
          stating that:

               "The current economic recession has made it increasingly 
               clear that a 401(k) system does not provide a secure 
               retirement savings because they can be deleted or wiped 
               out.  AB 1248 provides a sensible requirement to ensure 
               that public employees who dedicated their lives to the 
               betterment of our schools, city and state have access to 
               a meaningful retirement system."

          2)   Argument in Opposition

           Writing in opposition, the California State Association of 
          Counties states that:

               Some part-time, seasonal, and temporary employees are 
               not in Social Security and have optional retirement 
               plans that are separate and different from the 
               traditional defined benefit plans.  CSAC request an 
               amendment to exempt this sub-group of employees from the 
               bill's requirement:

               For a limited group of part-time, temporary, and 
               seasonal employees an alternative to social security or 
               a defined benefit is provided consistent with the 
               federal Internal Revenue Code Section 3121(b)(7)(F).  
               These employees are not eligible for participation in 
               the county's defined benefit plan due to the limited 
               hours they work and their county employer does not 
               participate in social security.

          3)   SUPPORT  :

            American Federation of State, County and Municipal 
            Employees (AFSCME), AFL-CIO
            California Alliance for Retired Americans (CARA)
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          Date:  6/22/11                                         Page 5 










            California Labor Federation (CLF)
            California Professional Firefighters (CPF)
            California School Employees Association (CSEA), AFL-CIO
            California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
            Glendale City Employees Association (GCEA)
            Organization of SMUD Employees (OSE)
            Peace Officers Research Association of California (PORAC)
            San Bernardino Public Employees Association (SBPEA)
            San Diego and Imperial Counties Labor Council
            San Luis Obispo County Employees Association (SLOCEA)
            Santa Rosa City Employees Association (SRCEA)
             United Nurses Associations of California/Union of Health 
              Care Professionals (UNAC/UHCP)

          4)   OPPOSITION  :

            California State Association of Counties (CSAC), Oppose 
            unless amended
            Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
            Regional Council of Rural Counties (RCRC)




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          Pamela Schneider
          Date:  6/22/11                                         Page 6