BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1309
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  May 11, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                                Cameron Smyth, Chair
                     AB 1309 (Miller) - As Amended:  May 4, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :  Public roads: fire suppression

           SUMMARY  :  Allows a county board of supervisors, by a four-fifths 
          vote, to authorize use 
          of road funds to improve or repair specified roads for purposes 
          of fire suppression. Specifically, 
           this bill  :  

          1)Allows a county board of supervisors (board), after it has 
            determined by a resolution adopted by a four-fifths vote of 
            its membership that the general county interest demands the 
            improvement or repair of a road that is not a county highway 
            and is not in the county maintained system, to improve or 
            repair the road if the improvements or repairs are necessary 
            for the purpose of fire suppression.  

          2)Provides that the improvements or repairs shall be made and 
            paid for in like manner as improvements or repairs of county 
            highways.

          3)States that proceeding under the bill's provisions shall not 
            cause the road to become a county highway.

          4)Repeals this authority as of January 1, 2017.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Allows, if a state or local emergency is declared by a county 
            board as a result of locally heavy rainfall or flood, the 
            board to authorize the expenditure of road funds for the 
            purpose of emergency repairs to public roads which are not 
            county highways and not in the county maintained system, 
            without obtaining a grant or lease of right-of-way, if the 
            repairs are necessary to provide minimum public access 
            necessary for the protection or preservation 
          of health or safety of residents.

          2)Provides that a county shall not be responsible for the 
            maintenance of any road so repaired, and it shall not be 








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            liable for the condition of the road after the emergency 
            repairs are made.

          3)Allows a county board, after they have determined by a 
            resolution adopted by a four-fifths vote of their membership 
            that general county interest demands the improvement or repair 
            of a privately owned road, to improve or repair such road in 
            consideration of the grant or lease of a right of way to the 
            county for its own use or the use of the state, any political 
            subdivision or other appropriate public agency.

          4)Provides that such improvements or repairs shall be made and 
            paid for in like manner as improvements or repairs of county 
            highways, and provides that proceedings shall not cause the 
            road to become a county highway.

          5)Requires all money received by a county from the Highway Users 
            Tax Fund and all money deposited by a county in its road fund 
            to be expended by the county exclusively for county roads for 
            the purposes specified in existing law.

          6)Requires the governing body of each county and city to file 
            with the State Controller a complete report of the 
            expenditures for street or road purposes, and requires the 
            Controller to prescribe the form and contents of the report.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :   

          1)Existing law contained in the Streets and Highways Code 
            (Chapter 1255, Statutes of 1941) allows county boards of 
            supervisors to make improvements or repairs to a private road 
            if a grant or lease of a right-of-way is given to the 
            appropriate public agency for that purpose, and if four-fifths 
            of the board adopts a resolution in support of the 
            improvements.  

            Current law also allows a board of supervisors to authorize 
            the expenditure of "road funds" for the purpose of emergency 
            repairs to public roads which are not county highways and not 
            in the county maintained system, without obtaining a grant or 
            lease of right-of-way, if the repairs are necessary to provide 
            minimum public access necessary for the protection or 
            preservation of health or safety of residents.  In order to 








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            activate this authority to use public funds on non-county 
            roads, the board of supervisors must declare a state of local 
            emergency as a result of locally heavy rainfall or flood.  
            This section of law was added by AB 3205 (Bader), Chapter 819, 
            Statutes of 1984, and additionally specifies that the county, 
            once the improvement or repairs are complete, is not 
            responsible for the maintenance of any road repaired, and the 
            county is not liable for the condition of the road after the 
            emergency repairs are made.  

          2)An Assembly Local Government Committee analysis of AB 3205 
            dated May 9, 1984, raised two issues with the provisions of AB 
            3205.  First, the analysis noted that it was "unclear as to 
            what would constitute a state of local emergency." Second, the 
            analysis stated that "under the authority granted to counties 
            in AB 3205, a county could authorize the expenditure of county 
            funds for the repair of privately owned roads, without the 
            grant or lease of a right-of-way."  The analysis additionally 
            asks "whether it is appropriate under 'emergency' conditions 
            for a county to expend public funds for private road repairs." 
             

          3)This bill builds upon the provisions of AB 3205 to allow a 
            county board of supervisors, by a four-fifths vote, to 
            authorize use of road funds to improve or repair specified 
            roads for purposes of fire suppression. The bill's provisions 
            specify that the improvement or repair of a road would only be 
            applicable for a road that is not a county highway and is not 
            in the county maintained system.  While the bill requires a 
            four-fifths vote of the county board of supervisors in order 
            to use public funds for non-county roads for the purposes of 
            fire suppression, the bill does not require that the county 
            declare a state of local emergency as was required in AB 3205.

          4)The author and sponsor, Orange County, argue that this bill is 
            necessary because of the condition of disrepair that some of 
            Orange County's rural roads are in, which creates great cause 
            for concern.  The author cites several examples of this.  For 
            instance, during the 2007 Santiago fire, the Orange County 
            Fire Authority reported that emergency vehicles like 
          Type 1 Fire Engines and 75-foot Quint Trucks were not able to 
            access certain public roads.  Additionally, Black Star Canyon 
            Road in Orange County has three bridges, each of which are in 
            desperate need of repair and currently constitute a 
            potentially hazardous route for fire suppression vehicles in 








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            the event of a major fire incident.

          5)An Attorney General opinion from 1965 (45 Ops. Cal. Atty. Gen. 
            98) looked at the question of whether or not public money of 
            the county can be used to maintain or repair "public" roads 
            which are not "county" roads.  As noted in the opinion, 
            private roads over which the public has a right to travel, 
            whether express or prescriptive, are considered 'public' 
            roads.  The Streets and Highways Code restricts the use of 
            funds in the county "road fund" to "county roads" and "other 
            street and highway purposes as provided by law."  As mentioned 
            in comment 1) above, the law does provide for several narrow 
            exceptions that allow for the use of public funds for 
            non-county roads and private roads, but in general, the law 
            does not allow for general maintenance expenditures to be made 
            from the "road funds" for public roads not in the county road 
            system.  The opinion notes that "the general rule seems to be 
            that if the convenience of the public requires work to be done 
            by a county at general public expense on a public road, it 
            should be adopted as a county road and thereafter maintained 
            as such."

            This bill adds another exception to the general rule of 
            prohibiting the use of public money for private roads and 
            public, non-county maintained roads, and does so without a 
            declaration of a state of local emergency by the county board 
            of supervisors.  The Committee may wish to consider the 
            implications of creating another avenue in statute for which 
            public funds can be spent for non-county roads, and whether 
            this action is prudent given the 1965 Attorney General 
            opinion.

          6)According to the author and sponsor, the authorization 
            contained in the bill will allow a one-time repair and 
            improvement of Black Star Canyon Road, but without this 
            authorization in statute, Orange County does not have legal 
            authority to improve Black Star Canyon Road.  The bill would 
            allow any county to use public funds on any non-county road 
            until the provisions of the bill sunset on January 1, 2017.

            The Committee may wish to consider whether other counties in 
            California desire to use this authority, in light of the 
            absence of other counties weighing in on this bill.

          7)Support arguments:  Current law allows for public money to be 








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            used on non-county roads after a local state of emergency has 
            been declared due to heavy rain or flooding, meaning that the 
            county can come in and repair a road that presents a threat to 
            public safety after a bad storm.  This bill allows for 
            preventative improvements to non-county roads for fire 
            suppression prior to fire disasters, by allowing the county to 
            use public road monies.

            Opposition arguments:  There is a long-standing prohibition on 
            using public money for non-county roads, except in very 
            specific, narrow circumstances.  The Committee may wish to 
            consider whether this bill sets a precedent that may open the 
            door for using public money for other non-county roads and 
            whether this authorization should be given to all counties 
            without a justification of that need.




           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Orange County Board of Supervisors �SPONSOR]

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Debbie Michel / L. GOV. / (916) 
          319-3958