BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  AB 1350                     HEARING:  6/22/11
          AUTHOR:  Lara                         FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  6/15/11                     TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Weinberger               

                        EXTRAORDINARY PROPERTY TAX RATES
          

          Requires county auditors to verify local governments' 
          extraordinary property tax rates. 


                           Background and Existing Law  

          Proposition 13 (1978) limited property tax rates to 1%, 
          cutting statewide property tax revenues by 57%.  The power 
          to allocate the remaining property tax revenues became the 
          Legislature's duty.

          The Legislature responded by allocating property tax 
          revenues to counties, cities, special districts, and school 
          districts based on each agency's pro rata share of the 
          property taxes collected within a county in the three 
          fiscal years prior to 1978-79 (SB 154, Rodda, 1978).  In 
          1979, the Legislature permanently restructured the 
          allocation of property taxes, using SB 154's property tax 
          allocations as a base (AB 8, L. Greene, 1979).

          The 1% limit on property tax rates did not apply to ad 
          valorem property taxes or special assessments needed to pay 
          the interest and redemption charges on any indebtedness 
          approved by voters before July 1, 1978.  In its 1982 
          decision in Car-man v. Alvord, the California Supreme Court 
          ruled that extraordinary property tax rates (outside the 
          usual 1% ad valorem rate) imposed to fund employee pension 
          systems approved by the voters before July 1, 1978 are 
          valid under Proposition 13.

          In response to confusion over how local officials used 
          their extraordinary property tax rates when calculating 
          property tax allocations under AB 8, the Legislature 
          imposed a temporary moratorium on property tax rates for 
          indebtedness other than bonds (AB 377, Roos, 1983) and 
          directed the Legislative Analyst's Office to study local 




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          agencies' extraordinary property tax rates.  In 1985, the 
          Legislature made the moratorium on extraordinary property 
          tax rates permanent (AB 13, Roos, 1985).  The Roos bill 
          froze extraordinary tax rates for pensions approved by 
          voters before Proposition 13 at their 1982-83 levels.  

          To enforce this limit, the Legislature required a county 
          auditor to reduce a local agency's basic property tax 
          allocation by one dollar for every dollar of property tax 
          revenue that the agency received from a property tax rate 
          that exceeded statutory limits.  The property tax revenues 
          subtracted from an agency's allocation are then reallocated 
          to school districts within the agency's jurisdiction in 
          proportion to average daily attendance.

          Last year, an audit conducted by the State Controller 
          determined that officials in the City of Bell (Los Angeles 
          County), during the three fiscal years between 2007 and 
          2010, levied an extraordinary property tax rate to pay the 
          City's pension obligations that exceeded the rate allowed 
          under state law.  As a result, property owners in Bell paid 
          approximately $2.9 million in excessive property taxes 
          during those three years.  Rather than allowing the county 
          auditor to reallocate the excess revenues to schools, the 
          Legislature required the City of Bell to pay for refunds to 
          taxpayers who overpaid (AB 900, de Le�n, 2010).

          To prevent local governments from imposing excessive rates 
          for their pensions and retirement systems, some legislators 
          want to require county auditors to verify that local 
          governments' extraordinary ad valorem property rates don't 
          exceed statutory limits.


                                   Proposed Law  

          If a local government extends or increases, after January 
          1, 2012, an ad valorem property tax to support specified 
          pension programs or retirement systems, Assembly Bill 1350 
          requires a county auditor to verify, before the increase or 
          extension, that the property tax rate does not exceed the 
          maximum rate authorized by law.

          AB 1350 requires a local government to provide the county 
          auditor, in the form, manner, and time prescribed by the 
          county auditor, any documentation that is necessary to 





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          verify the imposed property tax rate.

          AB 1350 requires the county auditor to reject the increase 
          or extension of any property tax rate that exceeds the 
          maximum rate specified in state law.

          The bill requires a local government to reimburse the 
          county auditor's actual and reasonable costs for 
          administering the bill's verification requirement.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate.


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  AB 1350 protects taxpayers from 
          having to pay illegal property tax rates, like those 
          imposed on taxpayers in the City of Bell, to support local 
          governments' pension and retirement programs.  Although a 
          county auditor must currently verify the results of 
          elections approving extraordinary property tax rates, the 
          auditor is not required to verify that the rates fall 
          within statutory limits and can't reject a rate that 
          exceeds the limits.  AB 1350 simply provides this necessary 
          "check" on local governments' property taxes.

          2.   Not all rates  .  AB 1350 requires a county auditor to 
          verify only the extraordinary ad valorem property tax rates 
          for local governments' pensions and retirement programs, 
          but not the rates that pay for other kinds of voter 
          approved debt.  Because property tax rates to repay bonded 
          indebtedness can vary significantly depending on how a bond 
          is structured and on changes in assessed valuation, county 
          auditors worry that verifying rate extensions or increases 
          for general obligation bonds would be a complex and 
          labor-intensive process.  By contrast, the statutory limits 
          for pension and retirement systems' extraordinary property 
          tax rates are frozen at the rate imposed in a specified 
          base year, making it relatively easy to verify whether an 
          increase or extension exceeds the limit.  While county 
          auditors may be reluctant to verify all extraordinary 
          property tax rate extensions or increases, the Committee 
          wish to consider amending AB 1350 to give county auditors 





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          the option of verifying any extraordinary property tax rate 
          and rejecting a rate that is excessive.

          3.  Let's be clear  .  The bill's language requiring the 
          county auditor to reject the increase or extension of "any 
          property rate" that exceeds statutory limits, could be 
          misread as granting a county auditor the power to reject 
          any local government property tax rate.  The Committee may 
          wish to consider amending AB 1350 to clarify that a county 
          auditor's authority to reject a rate extension or increase 
          that exceeds statutory limits applies only to rates to 
          support specified pension programs or retirement systems.


                                 Assembly Actions  

          Assembly Local Government Committee:  7-0
          Assembly Appropriations Committee:16-0
          Assembly Floor:                    78-0


                         Support and Opposition  (6/16/11)

           Support:   Unknown.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.