BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1513
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          Date of Hearing:  April 10, 2012

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                              William W. Monning, Chair
                    AB 1513 (Allen) - As Amended:  March 26, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :  Retail food facilities: playground sanitation.

           SUMMARY  :  Revises the California Retail Food Code (CRFC), which 
          governs all aspects of retail food safety and sanitation in 
          California, to include sanitation and safety requirements for 
          indoor and outdoor playgrounds on the premises of retail food 
          facilities.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Clarifies that the existing requirement in the CRFC for all 
            premises of a food facility to be kept clean, fully operative, 
            and in good repair applies to indoor and outdoor playgrounds.

          2)Requires a playground on the premises of a retail food 
            facility to meet the same standard of cleanliness that exists 
            for all other areas of the facility, except food handling and 
            preparation areas, pursuant to existing law in 1) above.

          3)Subjects a retail food facility with a playground to all of 
            the following requirements:

             a)   Develop a plan to ensure that indoor playground areas 
               are kept clean and free of hazardous conditions, including, 
               but not limited to, cracked or broken playground 
               structures;

             b)   Display, or furnish upon request, the retail food 
               facility's playground maintenance policy and dates on which 
               the playground was last inspected and cleaned; and,

             c)   Prohibit customers from taking food directly on 
               playground structures, including climbing structures and 
               slides, except that food may be taken to and consumed 
               within rest or observation areas in or near the playground 
               area.

          4)Defines "playground," for purposes of this bill, to mean an 
            improved area designed, equipped, and set aside for children's 
            play that is not intended for use as an athletic playing field 
            or athletic court, and includes any playground equipment, fall 








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            zones, surface materials, access ramps, and all areas within 
            and including the designated enclosure and barriers.

           EXISTING LAW  :  
            
          1)Establishes the CRFC and makes local environmental health 
            departments primarily responsible for enforcement through 
            local food safety inspection programs.

          2)Defines, with specified exceptions, a retail food facility as 
            an operation that stores, prepares, packages, serves, vends, 
            or otherwise provides food for human consumption at the retail 
            level.

          3)Requires all premises of a food facility to be kept clean, 
            fully operative, and in good repair and defines "premises" to 
            mean the food facility, its contents, and the contiguous land 
            or property and its facilities and contents that are under the 
            control of the owner/permit holder.
          4)Defines "playground" to mean an improved  outdoor  area 
            designed, equipped, and set aside for children's play that is 
            not intended for use as an athletic playing field or athletic 
            court, and includes any playground equipment, fall zones, 
            surface materials, access ramps, and all areas within and 
            including the designated enclosure and barriers.  
           
          5)Requires all new public playgrounds, and the replacement of 
            equipment or modification of components inside existing 
            playgrounds, to conform to the playground-related standards 
            set forth by the American Society for Testing and Materials 
            (ASTM) and the playground-related guidelines set forth by the 
            United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). 

          6)Requires a certified playground safety inspector to provide an 
            initial inspection of playgrounds either operated by public 
            agencies or operated by any entity where the playground is 
            open to the public.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has not yet been analyzed by a fiscal 
          committee.    

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  The author states that indoor 
            playgrounds offered by restaurants can pose unique challenges 








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            for cleanliness and safety due to their close proximity to 
            food. The author maintains that current law governing food 
            safety and sanitation, the CRFC, lacks clarity with respect to 
            ensuring that playgrounds that are a part of food 
            establishments are sufficiently clean and safe for use by 
            California's children.  According to the author, this bill is 
            intended to bring more specificity to state and local 
            regulation of the nonfood areas in food facilities by 
            clarifying that indoor and outdoor playgrounds are to be 
            treated as part of a food facility's premises that must be 
            kept clean, fully operative, and in good repair; and, 
            requiring a food facility with an indoor playground to develop 
            a plan to keep the playground areas clean and free of hazards 
            to children, including cracked or broken play structures.

           2)BACKGROUND  .  According to the author, a group called Kids Play 
            Safe (KPS) was founded by two mothers, one of whom is a child 
            development professor and the other a microbiologist, to raise 
            awareness of the potential health and safety risks that indoor 
            play areas in restaurants pose to children.  The author notes 
            that these women have visited dozens of restaurants with 
            playgrounds in 11 states, including California, in recent 
            months to test them for cleanliness.  The author states that 
            their visits and the results from lab analyses of samples they 
            collected have revealed the widespread presence of an array of 
            pathogens, from coliform (fecal) bacteria to staphylococcus, 
            at levels that indicate these playgrounds are not disinfected 
            as frequently as necessary.  

          The founders of KPS also report that they have identified 
            maintenance problems with these structures including broken 
            second-story windows, cracks in slides and tubes, torn 
            netting, missing bolts and screws, and graffiti.  They also 
            note that they have received hundreds of stories from parents 
            describing their children's illnesses and injuries that have 
            occurred as a result of their experiences in these play areas. 
             KPS states on its Website that there are currently no 
            regulations at the state or the federal level that require 
            food establishments with indoor playgrounds to keep them clean 
            or safe, and, without regulatory incentive, most facilities 
            either do not have proper corporate cleaning and maintenance 
            procedures or they are not being enforced.  Moderate estimates 
            indicate that there are more than 15,000 of these facilities 
            in operation nationwide, each with an average of 50 children 
            per day at play.








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           3)CURRENT FOOD INDUSTRY PROTOCOLS  .  The California Restaurant 
            Association (CRA) states that restaurant playgrounds must be 
            cleaned and maintained in accordance with the cleaning 
            standards in a facility's operations manual.  These standards 
            include procedures for stringent sanitizing that follow the 
            manufacturer's recommendations for daily, weekly, and monthly 
            cleaning.  Some restaurant playgrounds are also required to be 
            cleaned by a professional cleaning service on a quarterly 
            basis.  Additionally, the NRA notes that some food facilities 
            provide step by step cleaning instruction manuals with video 
            training in each of their locations and install hand sanitizer 
            stations for customers and employees to use.     
           
           4)CRFC  .  According to the California Retail Food Safety 
            Coalition, a broad-based coalition of federal, state, and 
            local regulators and the retail food industry, the CRFC is 
            modeled after the federal Model Food Code, developed by the 
            federal Food and Drug Administration and updated every two 
            years.  Local environmental health departments have primacy in 
            the enforcement of the CRFC and focus their food facility 
            inspections on minimizing food-borne illness risk factors and 
            maximizing public health interventions.  According to the 
            federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 
            food-borne illness risk factors are food from unsafe sources; 
            inadequate cooking; improper holding temperatures; 
            contaminated equipment; and, poor personal hygiene.  Public 
            health interventions identified by CDC include demonstration 
            of knowledge; employee health; time and temperature control; 
            proper hand washing methods; and, consumer advisories.  

           5)NATIONAL PLAYGROUND GUIDELINES  .  The ASTM is a non-profit 
            international organization that provides a forum for the 
            development and publication of voluntary consensus standards 
            for materials, products, systems, and services.  ASTM 
            standards are developed by technical committees and used by 
            individuals, companies, and agencies.  Manufacturers of 
            playground equipment use ASTM guidelines to make the equipment 
            and write specifications for installations.  ASTM Standards 
            F1487, F1292, and F1951 pertain to playground safety.  F1487 
            provides comprehensive safety and performance specifications 
            for various types of public playground equipment.  F1292 
            establishes minimum impact attenuation requirements for 
            surface systems such as wood chips or rubber mats that are 
            used under and around playground equipment from which a person 
            may fall.  F1951 provides specifications for accessibility of 








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            surface systems that are under and around playgrounds. 

          The CPSC Handbook is also considered a national guideline.  The 
            Handbook provides safety information for playground equipment 
            and addresses such issues as the potential for falls from and 
            impact with equipment; the need for protective surfacing under 
            and around equipment; openings with the potential for head 
            entrapment; the scale of equipment and other design features 
            related to user age; layout of equipment on a playground; 
            installation and maintenance procedures; and, general hazards 
            presented by protrusions, sharp edges, and pinch points.  Over 
            time, the Handbook has become increasingly consistent with 
            ASTM guidelines.  The guidelines from ASTM and the CPSC 
            Handbook cover outdoor playgrounds that are open to the public 
            and commonly found in parks.  As a result, current state law 
            defining a playground as an improved outdoor area for 
            children's play incorporates the requirements of these 
            guidelines. 

           6)PRIOR LEGISLATION  .  AB 1144 (Harman), Chapter 470, Statutes of 
            2006, defines a playground as an improved outdoor space set 
            aside for children's play and requires operators of 
            playgrounds open to the public to meet playground-related 
            standards and guidelines set forth by the ASTM and the CPSC 
            when opening a new playground or updating or    modifying an 
            existing playground.  

           7)SUPPORT  .  The Consumer Federation of California writes in 
            support that adding indoor and outdoor food facility 
            playgrounds to current law requiring the premises to be kept 
            clean, fully operative, and in good repair will ensure that 
            these playgrounds are safe for use and protect children from 
            the health and safety risks associated with their wear and 
            tear.

           8)POLICY COMMENTS  .

              a)   Implementation issue  .  This bill requires a food 
               facility with a playground to prohibit customers from 
               taking food or eating on a playground structure, but does 
               not specify how a food facility will achieve compliance 
               with this provision.  The author may wish to address to 
               what extent this prohibition will be implemented through 
               the posting of signage or some other means.









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              b)   Definition of playground in state law  .  This bill 
               creates a new definition of playground for purposes of 
               enforcement in food facilities governed by the CRFC.  
               Should the current definition in the Health and Safety Code 
               be revised in order to make existing requirements governing 
               playground maintenance applicable to all types of 
               playgrounds,  including indoor play areas in retail food 
               facilities?  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :  

           Support 
           
          Consumer Federation of California

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Cassie Royce / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097