BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair


          AB 1527 (Portantino) - Firearms: openly carrying long guns.
          
          Amended: April 10, 2012         Policy Vote: Public Safety 5-2
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: August 6, 2012                           
          Consultant: Jolie Onodera       
          
          This bill does not meet the criteria for referral to the 
          Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 1527 would make it a misdemeanor, subject to 
          numerous exemptions, for a person to carry an unloaded firearm 
          that is not a handgun on his or her person outside a vehicle 
          while in an incorporated city or city and county. This bill 
          creates additional exemptions from the existing prohibition 
          against carrying an exposed and unloaded handgun outside a 
          vehicle in a public space, as specified.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Potential ongoing court costs of $24,000 to $48,000 
              (General Fund) for 50 to 100 additional misdemeanor filings 
              per year.
              Potential non-reimbursable local enforcement and 
              incarceration costs, offset to a degree by fine revenue.
              While the impact of this bill independently is likely to be 
              minor, the cumulative effect of all new misdemeanors could 
              create General Fund cost pressure on capital outlay, 
              staffing, programming, the courts, and other resources in 
              the context of recently enacted 2011 Public Safety 
              Realignment.

          Background: Existing law makes it a misdemeanor for any person 
          to carry an exposed and unloaded handgun outside a vehicle upon 
          his or her person while in any public place or on any public 
          street in an incorporated city, or in any public place or public 
          street in a prohibited area of an unincorporated county. Openly 
          carrying an unloaded handgun is also prohibited if the handgun 
          and unexpended ammunition capable of being discharged from that 
          firearm are in the immediate possession of the person and the 
          person is not the registered owner of the firearm. 









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          Proposed Law: This bill would make it a misdemeanor to carry an 
          unloaded firearm that is not a handgun on his or her person 
          outside a vehicle while in an incorporated city or city and 
          county, to be punishable as follows:

                 By up to six months in a county jail, or a fine of up to 
               $1,000, or both, for a person to carry an unloaded firearm 
               that is not a handgun on his or her person outside a 
               vehicle while in an incorporated city or city and county.
                 By up to one year in the county jail, or a fine of up to 
               $1,000, or both, if the firearm and unexpended ammunition 
               capable of being fired from that firearm are in the 
               immediate possession of that person and the person is not 
               in lawful possession of that firearm.

          This bill provides numerous exemptions to the prohibition on the 
          carrying of an unloaded firearm that is not a handgun outside a 
          vehicle in specified areas, including but not limited to the 
          following:

                 By a person when done within a place of business, a 
               place of residence, or on private property, if that person 
               may carry a firearm within that place of business, place of 
               residence, or on that private property owned or lawfully 
               possessed by that person.
                 When the firearm is either in a locked container or 
               encased and it is being transported directly between places 
               where a person is not prohibited from possessing that 
               firearm and the course of travel shall include only those 
               deviations between authorized locations as are reasonably 
               necessary under the circumstances.
                 If the person possessing the firearm reasonably believes 
               that he or she is in grave danger because of circumstances 
               forming the basis of a current restraining order issued by 
               a court against another person or persons who has or have 
               been found to pose a threat to his or her life or safety. 
               This paragraph may not apply when the circumstances involve 
               a mutual restraining order absent a factual finding of a 
               specific threat to the person's life or safety. 
                 By a peace officer or an honorably retired peace officer 
               if that officer may carry a concealed firearm or a loaded 
               firearm pursuant to existing law. 
                 As merchandise by a person who is engaged in the 
               business of manufacturing, importing, wholesaling, 








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               repairing, or dealing in firearms and who is licensed to 
               engage in that business, or the authorized representative 
               or authorized agent of that person, while engaged in the 
               lawful course of the business.
                 By a duly authorized military or civil organization, or 
               the members thereof, while parading or while rehearsing or 
               practicing parading, when at the meeting place of the 
               organization.
                 By a member of a club or organization organized for the 
               purpose of practicing shooting at targets upon established 
               target ranges, whether public or private, while the members 
               are using handguns upon the target ranges or incident to 
               the use of a firearm that is not a handgun at that target 
               range.
                 By a licensed hunter while engaged in hunting or while 
               transporting that firearm when going to or returning from 
               that hunting expedition. 
                 Incident to transportation of a handgun by a person 
               operating a licensed common carrier, or by an authorized 
               agent or employee thereof, when transported in conformance 
               with applicable federal law.
                 By a member of an organization chartered by the Congress 
               of the United States or a nonprofit mutual or public 
               benefit corporation organized and recognized as a nonprofit 
               tax-exempt organization by the Internal Revenue Service 
               while on official parade duty or ceremonial occasions of 
               that organization or while rehearsing or practicing for 
               official parade duty or ceremonial occasions.
                 Within a gun show.
                 Within a school zone, as defined, with the written 
               permission of the school district superintendent, the 
               superintendent's designee, or equivalent school authority.
                 By a person while engaged in the act of making or 
               attempting to make a lawful arrest. 
                 By a person engaged in firearms-related activities, 
               while on the premises of a fixed place of business that is 
               licensed to conduct and conducts, as a regular course of 
               its business, activities related to the sale, making, 
               repair, transfer, pawn, or the use of firearms, or related 
               to firearms training.
                 By an authorized participant in, or an authorized 
               employee or agent of a supplier of firearms for, a motion 
               picture, television or video production, or entertainment 
               event, when the participant lawfully uses that firearm as 








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               part of that production or event, as part of rehearsing or 
               practicing for participation in that production or event, 
               or while the participant or authorized employee or agent is 
               at that production or event, or rehearsal or practice for 
               that production or event.
                 At an established public target range while the person 
               is using that firearm upon that target range.

          This bill creates the following exemptions from the existing 
          prohibition against carrying an exposed and unloaded handgun 
          outside a vehicle in a public space:

                 A licensed hunter while engaged in the training of a dog 
               for the purpose of using the dog in hunting that is not 
               prohibited by law, or while transporting the firearm while 
               going to or returning from that training.
                 A person in compliance with specified provisions related 
               to carrying a firearm in airports and commuter passenger 
               terminals.

          Related Legislation: AB 144 (Portantino) Chapter 725/2011 made 
          it a misdemeanor punishable by up to six months in jail and a 
          $1,000 fine to openly carry an unloaded handgun on one's person, 
          as specified, and established specified exceptions to this 
          prohibition.

          Staff Comments: The provisions of this bill will result in 
          non-reimbursable local law enforcement costs offset to a degree 
          by fine revenue. The Judicial Council has indicated costs for 
          increased misdemeanor filings could result in increased costs of 
          approximately $24,000 to $48,000 (General Fund) statewide if 50 
          to 100 new misdemeanors are filed annually.

          The creation of new misdemeanors has historically been analyzed 
          by this Committee to result in non-reimbursable state mandated 
          costs for local law enforcement and incarceration. Staff notes, 
          however, that the creation of new misdemeanors taken 
          cumulatively could increase the statewide adult jail population 
          to a degree that could potentially impact the flexibility of 
          counties to manage their jail populations recently increased 
          under the 2011 Public Safety Realignment. While the provisions 
          of this bill are likely to be minor, the cumulative effect of 
          all new misdemeanors could create unknown General Fund cost 
          pressure on capital outlay, staffing, programming, the courts, 








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          and other resources.