BILL ANALYSIS Ó
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|Hearing Date:July 2, 2012 |Bill No:AB |
| |1545 |
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SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS
AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Senator Curren D. Price, Jr., Chair
Bill No: AB 1545Author:V. Manuel Pérez
As Amended:May 25, 2012 Fiscal:Yes
SUBJECT: Economic development projects.
SUMMARY: Expands the role of the California Infrastructure and
Economic Development Bank to include facilitating infrastructure and
economic development financing activities within the California and
Mexico border region.
Existing law:
1)Authorizes under the Bergeson-Peace Infrastructure and Economic
Development Bank Act (Act) the creation of the Infrastructure and
Economic Development Bank (I-Bank) within Business, Transportation
and Housing Agency (BTH), to promote economic revitalization, enable
future development, and encourage a healthy climate for jobs in
California. (Government Code (GC) §§ 63000 - 63087)
2)Makes several findings and declarations of the Legislature regarding
the Act including the following: (GC § 63000)
a) Create financing pools to access national capital markets or
help government sponsors and public-private economic development
organizations obtain credit enhancement on their own.
b) Increase support for local infrastructure development.
c) The State of California needs a financing entity structured
with broad authority to issue bonds, provide guarantees, and
leverage state and federal funds using techniques that will
target public investment to facilitate economic development. The
goal is to produce more private sector jobs with less public
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Page 2
sector investment.
3)Defines "economic development facilities" to mean real and personal
property, structures, buildings, equipment, and supporting
components that are used to provide industrial, recreational,
research, commercial, utility, or service enterprise facilities,
community, educational, cultural, or social welfare facilities and
all facilities or infrastructure necessary or desirable, but shall
not include any housing. (GC § 63010 (g))
4)Defines "financial assistance" in connection with a project to mean,
but not be limited to, any combination of grants, loans, the
proceeds of bonds or special purpose trust, insurance,
guarantees, or other credit enhancements and contributions of money,
property, labor or other things of value, as specified. (GC § 63010
(j))
5)Defines "participating party" to mean any person, company,
corporation, association, or municipal governmental entity,
partnership, firm or other entity or group of entities, engaging in
business or operations with the state and that applies for financing
from the I-Bank in conjunction with a sponsor for the purpose of
implementing a project, as specified.
(GC § 63010 (o))
6)Defines "project" to mean the designing, acquiring, planning,
permitting, entitling, constructing, improving, extending,
restoring, financing, and generally developing public development
facilities or economic development facilities within the state. (GC
§ 63010 (p))
7)Defines "port facilities" to mean docks, harbors, ports of entry,
piers, ships, small boat harbors and marinas, and any other
facilities, additions, or improvements in connection therewith.
(GC § 63010 (7))
8)Authorizes the I-Bank board to delegate to its executive director,
among other things, the following:
a) Acquire, take title to, and sell lands, structures, real or
personal property rights, rights-of-way, franchises, easements,
and other interests in lands that are located within the state as
the bank may deem necessary or convenient for the financing of
the project.
(GC § 63025.1 (g))
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b) Receive and accept from any source, including, but not limited
to, the federal government, the state, or any agency thereof,
loans, contributions, or grants, in money, property, labor, or
other things of value, for, or in aid of, a project, or any
portion thereof.
(GC § 63025.1 (h))
c) Make loans to any sponsor or participating party, either
directly or by making a loan to a lending institution, in
connection with the financing of a project, as specified. (GC §
63025.1 (i) and (j))
d) Make, receive, or serve as a conduit for the making of, or
otherwise provide for, grants, contributions, guarantees,
insurance, credit enhancements or liquidity facilities or other
financial enhancements to a sponsor or a participating party as
financial assistance for a project. (GC § 63025.1 (m))
e) Enter into any agreement to contract, execute any instrument,
and perform any act or thing necessary or convenient to, directly
or indirectly, secure the bank's bonds, or the bonds issued by
others. (GC § 63025.1 (r)).
f) Receive subventions, grants, loans, advances, and
contributions from any source of money, property, labor, or other
things of value. The sources may include bond proceeds,
dedicated taxes, federal appropriations, federal grant and loan
funds and public and private sector retirement system funds. (GC
§ 63025.1 (z))
g) Do all things necessary and convenient to carry out its
purposes and exercise its powers, provided, however, that nothing
shall be construed to authorize the bank to engage directly in
the business of a manufacturing, industrial, real estate
development, or nongovernmental service enterprise. (GC §
63025.1 (aa))
9)Additionally authorizes the I-Bank in order to provide or arrange
for the financing of economic development facilities to issue
taxable revenue bonds and tax-exempt revenue bonds, as specified.
(GC § 63045)
10)Provides that the I-Bank may issue revenue bonds and may be secured
and made more attractive to capital markets through financial
instruments, as specified, and that the bank may make loans to help
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establish and support the revolving loan funds of small business
development corporations, economic development corporations,
community development corporations, and nonprofits. (GC § 63045)
This bill:
1)Makes findings and declarations of the Legislature in regards to
this measure, and expresses, among other things:
a) Mexico is California's largest trading partner in the world.
The two economies are highly integrated with a substantial
dependence on cross-border trade, especially in southern
California. A modern border that provides for safe and efficient
movement of people and goods is therefore critical to both
entities to maintain continued growth in the economy and trade.
b) One barrier to the expansion of trade and bi-national commerce
is the deficit in border infrastructure, which has not kept pace
with increases in trade and transit since ratification of the
North American Free Trade Agreement. Increased federal spending
on ports of entry is essential, as well as encouraging
recapitalization of bi-national border financing entities that
include the North American Development Bank.
c) Even with increased federal funding, however, the long-term
success of the bi-national region is attracting more private
sector investment. Attracting new private capital will require
new ways of financing infrastructure and other economic
development-related projects and streamlining local and
environmental approvals.
d) A bi-national approach to economic development also serves to
provide a vital, yet often overlooked, component to comprehensive
immigration reform. It is therefore in the interest of the state
to find appropriate, cost-effective actions to limit immigration
by supporting economic development and job creation.
e) Funding business development and job creation activities along
the California-Mexico border region is a practical strategy for
minimizing and discouraging undocumented flows of immigration
from Mexico. Projects that stimulate job creation and strengthen
the local and regional economies can serve as a cost-effective
immigration control method, while strengthening the
manufacturing, trade, and goods movement capacity of California
communities.
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2)Makes certain changes to the findings and declarations of the
Legislature pertaining to the Act:
a) To create financing pools to access national and international
capital markets or help government sponsors and public-private
economic development organizations obtain credit enhancement on
their own.
b) Increase support for local, regional, and state infrastructure
development.
c) The State of California needs a financing entity structured
with broad authority to issue bonds, provide guarantees, and
leverage state and federal funds using techniques that will
target public investment to facilitate private sector economic
growth . The goal is to expand private sector investment within
the state and produce more private sector jobs with less public
sector investment.
3)Provides for additional findings and declarations of the Legislature
regarding the Act:
a) Improve access to global markets by supporting
manufacturing-linked goods and movement-related infrastructure
within state, national, and international transportation
corridors.
b) The lack of economic development along the border region with
Mexico has caused economic challenges to the state. The
existence of an economic development authority that addresses
economic development needs in these areas serves a public purpose
and promotes the health, welfare, and safety of the citizens of
the state.
4)Defines "border region" as the area within 125 miles on each side of
the California-Mexico border, including areas along the north-south
and east-west transportation networks on both sides of the border.
5)Includes goods movement as part of the activities provided by
"economic development facilities."
6)Provides that the I-Bank may provide, as part of their "financial
assistance," as defined, direct loans in connection with a financing
for an economic development facility located within the state or the
border region, or both, and may provide financial assistance within
areas outside of California, as specified.
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7)Includes both state and international entities as a "participating
party," as defined, that can apply for financing from the I-Bank in
conjunction with a sponsor for the purpose of implementing a
project, as specified.
8)Includes projects within areas outside of California as a "project,"
as defined, which can qualify for financial assistance with the
I-Bank, if specified requirements are met.
9)Includes airports, landports, waterports, and railports as "port
facilities," as defined, that are involved with the transport of
goods or persons.
10)Additionally authorizes the I-Bank to facilitate and finance
infrastructure and economic development projects within the border
region, as specified.
11)Authorizes the I-Bank to establish and participate in a bi-national
financing authority for the purpose of facilitating and supporting
the economic development communities within both sides of the border
regions, thereby advancing job opportunities for the economic
well-being of the people of California, and provides that other
participants in the authority may include, but are not limited to,
cities, counties, and other local government entities within the
Imperial Valley, San Diego County, the Coachella Valley, the North
American Development Bank, and governmental entities within the
border region of Mexico.
12)Specifies the powers and authority granted to the I-Bank in
establishing a bi-national financing authority and in approving
projects within the border region.
13)Prohibits the use of General Fund moneys from being used to
implement the bi-national financing authority.
14)Additionally provides that the I-Bank may make loans to a joint
powers authority and any bi-national development authority
undertaking economic and infrastructure development work within the
border region to the extent that at least one of the participants in
the authority is a non-profit entity in good standing in California.
FISCAL EFFECT: According to the analysis of the Assembly Committee on
Appropriations dated May 2, 2012, the costs to the I-Bank are expected
to be $250,000 to set up the program, including developing regulations
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and establishing the authority. As the program is established, costs
could diminish, depending on the volume of financing activity. The
I-Bank is financed by fees, interest income and other revenue from its
financing activities.
COMMENTS:
1.Purpose. The Author is the sponsor of this measure. According to
the Author, with Mexico being California's largest trading partner,
the two economies are highly integrated with a substantial
dependence on cross-border trade. California and Mexico have highly
integrated economies with over $21 billion in goods flowing from the
state to markets in Mexico in 2010. One barrier to the expansion of
trade and bi-national commerce is the deficit in border
infrastructure, which has not kept pace with increases in trade and
transit since ratification of the North American Free Trade
Agreement. The long-term success of the bi-national region is
dependent on attracting more private sector investment. Attracting
private capital, however, will require innovative financing
structures and a commitment to the border's economic success, which
the I-Bank is qualified to undertake.
The Author indicates that the I-Bank has special expertise in
facilitating the financing of infrastructure projects. This bill
proposes to leverage the expertise to help bring projects to the
point where public and private investment would finance the project.
The Author explains that the I-Bank currently participates in federal
and state financing consortium, the California Financing
Coordinating Committee, which helps to facilitate infrastructure
projects that could be funded with moneys from the I-Bank's
Infrastructure State Revolving Fund. This measure would build on
these activities by encouraging and removing potential barriers to
facilitating public and privately funded infrastructure projects
related to trade and economic development.
2.Background.
a) The I-Bank. The I-Bank was established in 1994 to promote
economic revitalization, enable future development, and encourage
a healthy climate for jobs in California. Among other duties,
the I-Bank has the authority to issue tax-exempt and taxable
revenue bonds.
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I-Bank activities are governed by a five-member board of directors
comprised of the BTH Secretary (chair), State Treasurer, Director
Department of Finance, Secretary of the State and Consumer
Services Agency, and a Governor's appointee. The day-to-day
operations of the I-Bank are directed by the Executive Director
who is an appointee of the Governor and is subject to
confirmation by the California State Senate. Currently, the
I-Bank has authority for 24 staff members.
The I-Bank is financed through the California Infrastructure and
Economic Development Bank Fund (CIEDB Fund) and the California
Infrastructure Guarantee Trust Fund, into which fees, interest
income and other revenues are deposited and from which I-Bank
expenses are paid. The cost of administering the programs of the
I-Bank are off-set by these types of program income. Moneys in
these Funds are held within the California State Treasury or by
the bond trustee for The Infrastructure State Revolving Fund
(ISRF) bonds.
The I-Bank is operated on a revolving fund basis and thereby
generates continuous funding for new project investments. The
I-Bank does not receive any ongoing General Fund support for loan
or bond financing, and instead its funding comes from fees,
interest income, and revenues tied to financing activities.
According to its 2009-10 independent audit, its program continues
to provide sufficient revenues to support all operating expenses.
The I-Bank administers two categories of programs: (1) The
Infrastructure State Revolving Fund Program which provides direct
low-cost financing to public agencies for a variety of public
infrastructure projects; and (2) Bond Financed Programs which
provide financing for manufacturing companies, nonprofit
organizations, public agencies and other eligible entities.
There is no commitment of I-Bank or state funds for any of the
conduit revenue bonds. Even in the case of default, the state is
not liable.
Since its creation in 1994, the I-Bank has loaned over $400 million
to local agencies and has developed a high-level of expertise in
the implementation of public infrastructure and financing
programs. In addition, over $30 billion in conduit revenue bonds
have been issued by the I-Bank since 2000.
b) Reorganization of the I-Bank. The Governor submitted to the
Little Hoover Commission (Commission) on March 30, 2012,
Government Reorganization Plan No. 2 (Plan) and presented the
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plan to the Legislature on May 3, 2012. The Plan proposes to
dismantle BTH and move programs to other existing and new
government entities. The I-Bank is proposed to be relocated to
the Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development
(GO-Biz), along with the Small Business Loan Guarantee Program;
The California Travel and Tourism Commission; The California Film
Commission; and the Film California First Program. The Secretary
of BTH is replaced by the Director of GO-Biz as Chair of I-Bank.
The newly established Secretary of Transportation replaces the
Secretary of State and Consumer Services on the I-Bank board.
The Little Hoover Commission had 30 days to analyze the Plan and
submit its recommendations to the Governor and Legislature. The
Legislature has until July 3, 2012 (60 days) to consider the
Plan. The Plan will go into effect on July 3rd unless the
Legislature takes an action pursuant to a resolution to
disapprove the Plan with a majority of the Members in each house
voting.
On April 23 to April 25, 2012, the Commission held a series of
public hearings and received written testimony, interviewed
experts and reviewed analyses of the departments involved,
including its own previous work when relevant. On April 25, May
11 and May 22, 2012, the Commission also held three public
hearings to develop and discuss its report and recommendation to
the Legislature. In regards to relocating the I-Bank to GO-Biz,
and other changes as mentioned, the Commission stated, "These
moves are consistent with the Commission's previous
recommendations, and the Commission endorses them as they should
bolster the state's economic development efforts." As further
stated by the Commission:
"The I-Bank issues tax-exempt and taxable revenue bonds,
providing low-cost, gap financing for capital costs and
equipment. It has leveraged an initial investment from the
General Fund of $180 million into $420 million in loans.
I-Bank programs target local government infrastructure project,
small manufacturing and processing businesses, and nonprofit
corporations such as research institutes and museums. In
testimony to the Commission, the executive director of the
I-Bank said that 'the best part of the reorganization from
I-Bank's standpoint is the moving it out of an agency and up
into the Governor's Office and in a small group that includes
all the key economic development entities in the
administration.'"
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3.Oversight Hearings. The Assembly Jobs, Economic Development and the
Economy (JEDE) Committee held two oversight hearings examining the
relationship between infrastructure and the state's economic
recovery. The first hearing, March 2011, examined how the I-Bank
could be better utilized as a tool for statewide economic
development. The second hearing, November 2011, took a more focused
look at the Imperial and Coachella Valleys and how infrastructure,
trade, and business development affected the economic prosperity of
the border region. One of the key findings from these hearings
related to the importance of modern logistical networks in linking
rural border manufacturers and businesses to a global supply chain
and consumer base. Financing these infrastructure linkages was
reported to be challenging and that there was need for a quality
facilitator to help put infrastructure financing packages together.
According to the Author, this measure was developed in response to
testimony and research from these hearings. Two reports were
produced by the JEDE Committee pursuant to these hearings, the first
titled "California's Economic Recover and the Role of the State
Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank," and the second was
"Economic Recovery in the Border Region: Leveraging Trade to Chart
a New Path Forward."
The following issues were reviewed and examined by the JEDE Committee
and the following information was provided in the reports and by the
JEDE Committee:
a) Goods movement infrastructure. Goods movement supports
employment, business profit, and state and local tax revenue.
California businesses rely heavily on the state's air/sea ports
and their related transportation systems to move manufactured
goods. Firms rely on fast, flexible, and reliable shipping to
link national and global supply chains and bring products to the
retail market. Transportation breakdowns and congestion can idle
entire global production networks. As a result, the capacity and
efficiency of seaports, airports, and multimodal linkages have
become critical factors in global trade.
Changes in U.S. and global trade patterns in the past 20 years
have placed increased challenges on California's goods movement
system. Between 1970 and 2002, for example, imports from Asia
(as a share of U.S. trade) increased from 8% to 40%, thereby
increasing the flow of imports through California's gateways.
Over the same period, U.S. trade shifted toward lighter goods,
which are more likely to be shipped by air. While the state may
have limited ability to affect these larger patterns, there are
actions that the state can take to help California's global
gateways keep pace with the growing demand for shipping services.
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b) Coping with congested ports. For California, expanded supply
chains for manufacturing and product distribution have resulted
in congested seaports, where cargo ships are often delayed for
extended periods of time waiting to unload. Truck access is
often cited for the delays. At international airports, truck
access is also a problem, and expansion of major airports is
severely limited by urbanization, ground access, air quality
impacts, and local opposition.
California's land-based border crossing with Mexico is
particularly congested and inhibits trade and commerce within the
region and its access to global markets. There are six land
crossings referred to as Points of Entry (POEs). The San Diego
County-Tijuana/Tecate region is home to the San Ysidro-Puerta
México, the Otay Mesa-Mesa de Otay, and the Tecate-Tecate POEs
while the Imperial County-Mexicali region hosts the
Calexico-Mexicali, Calexico East-Mexicali II, and Andrade-Los
Algodones POEs.
U.S. firms with significant business passing through the three
Imperial Valley POEs report that their logistics-supply chain is
highly time sensitive. Long wait times at border crossings
result in delays in receiving intermediary goods and ultimately
lead to problems in the manufacturing chain. Long wait times
between Mexico and the U.S. along the Imperial County - Baja
California border accounted for an estimated output loss of $1.4
billion and 11,600 lost jobs nationally in 2007. In California
losses were estimated at $436 million and 5,639 jobs.
c) Binational economic development and migration. Outward
migration from Mexico to the U.S. has historically been a complex
and controversial issue. For a select group of workers in
Mexico, coming to California appears as a good economic choice
for them and their families given the sometimes limited
alternatives where they live. While migration from Mexico has
benefitted many economic sectors in California, the issue of
immigration has consistently been on the state's public policy
agenda.
One often overlooked and under-funded element to this discussion
is bi-national economic development policies which can help to
re-balance the drivers of immigration. The "maquiladoras," a
by-product of NAFTA, are manufacturing and assembly facilities
located in Northern Mexico, including Mexicali. With cross
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border supply chains, these facilities have become important
players within extended and sometimes global supply chains.
The North American Development Bank (NAD Bank), another entity
created through the enactment of North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA), provides project financing and construction
oversight for projects initiated through the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's U.S.-Mexico Border Water Infrastructure
Program. The program serves communities within 62 miles, north
and south, of the border. By providing cleaner water and
improved infrastructure, the quality of life is improved and jobs
are created on both sides of the border. AB 1545 proposes the
recapitalization of the NAD Bank and to expand the activities of
the I-Bank to serve as a catalyst for improving infrastructure
within the border region.
d) Infrastructure: A major challenge to California's
competitiveness. World class infrastructure plays a key role in
business attraction, as multinational companies consistently rank
the quality of infrastructure among their top four criteria in
making investment decisions. Research shows that as U.S.
infrastructure has been in decline, infrastructure in other
countries is rapidly increasing. The 2010-11 Global
Competitiveness Report by the World Economic Forum places U.S.
infrastructure 23rd in the world, a drop from its rank of 7th in
2000.
California's infrastructure is in a similar state, according to
the American Society of Civil Engineers, California
Infrastructure Report Card 2012, with an estimated $65 billion a
year investment gap. The impact of this lack of investment is
compounded by the substantial new investments made in other
states and nations, including the expansion of the Panama Canal.
With the logistics sector alone employing over 73,000 workers,
failing to remain competitive will impact California jobs.
Institutional investors have responded to the U.S.'s
infrastructure shortfall and the lack of sufficient public
finance opportunities by adopting new investment mandates to
privately finance public infrastructure. As an example, in the
fall of 2011, the California Public Employees' Retirement System
(CalPERS) Board of Administration approved a motion that would
allow up to $800 million to be invested in California
infrastructure over the next three years. Both public and
private infrastructure facilities are eligible, including, but
not limited to, transportation, energy, natural resources,
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utilities, water, communications and other social support
services.
Currently, CalPERS has $203 million invested in a combination of
physical infrastructure investments and infrastructure-targeted
private equity funds around the state. CalPERS has also provided
credit enhancement to more than $326 million in infrastructure
bonds.
Successfully deploying private capital for public infrastructure
can, however, be challenging. Large investors such as CalPERS
can deploy capital anywhere in the world. AB 1545 proposes to
have the I-Bank use its expertise in infrastructure finance to
facilitate private sector-ready infrastructure along the border
region.
4.Related Legislation This Session. AB 2523 (Hueso) authorizes the
I-Bank, upon appropriation by the Legislature, to enter into
participation loan agreements with financial institutions for the
for the I-Bank to purchase interest in loans made or held by banking
or savings organizations to small businesses; requires the I-Bank to
include in its annual report a summary of the participation loan
agreement program; expands the role of the California Infrastructure
and Economic Development Bank to include facilitating infrastructure
and economic development financing activities within the California
and Mexico border region. This measure is scheduled to be heard in
this Committee on July 2, 2012.
AB 2619 (V. Manuel Perez) created the Start-Up California Impact
Investment Fund Program within the I-Bank to provide startup equity
funds to startup firms and small businesses. This measure was held
on the Assembly Appropriations suspense file.
5.Related Legislation. AB 696 (Hueso) of 2011, required projects
selected for funding under the Infrastructure State Revolving Fund
Program to only be funded, if the project meets
specified land use and economic development criteria. This measure
was held on the Senate Appropriations Committee suspense file.
AB 700 (Blumenfield) of 2011, would have established an independently
administered I-Bank. This measure was vetoed by the Governor.
AB 893 (V. Manuel Perez) of 2011, would have required the California
Infrastructure and Development Bank (I-Bank) to provide technical
support to small and rural communities in obtaining financing for
local infrastructure projects, and include information on public
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outreach activities in the I-Bank's annual report. This measure was
held on the Senate Appropriations Committee suspense file.
AB 1094 (John A. Pérez) of 2011, would have expanded the membership of
the board of directors of the I-Bank from five to seven members.
This measure was amended on the Senator Floor to deal with a
different subject matter.
AB 1380 (Bass) of 2010, would have expanded the membership of the
board of directors of the I-Bank from five to seven members. This
measure was held in the Senate Rules Committee.
AB 1410 (Bass) of 2010, would have authorized the I-Bank to use
certain federal Community Development Block Grant moneys provided
through the federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to create
credit enhancements, loan guarantees, low-interest loans. This
measure was held in the JEDE Committee.
AB 1047 (V. Manuel Pérez) of 2009, would have established a local
assistance program, within the I-Bank, to assist small and rural
communities obtain bond financing for infrastructure projects. This
measure was held in the Assembly Committee on Appropriations.
AB 1272 (Arambula) of 2008, would have established a local assistance
program, within the
I-Bank, to assist small and rural communities obtain bond financing
for infrastructure projects. This measure was held in the Assembly
Committee on Appropriations.
1.Arguments in Support. The Coachella Valley Economic Partnership and
other Coachella Valley organizations involved with economic
development are in support of this measure and indicate that with
Mexico serving as California's largest trading partner, it is
important that the State and Mexico develop a common approach to
growing each other's economy. Coachella Valley states that the
North American Development Band which will facilitate and finance
Economic and Infrastructure projects on both sides of the border
region is an important step and supports this legislative vehicle to
make this important economic development a reality.
The County of Imperial explains that one of this county's most
perplexing problems currently involves finding the funding source to
complete the construction of a long-planned modernization of the
outmoded port-of-entry (POE) in downtown Calexico. Despite having
spend upwards of $25 million in design work; environmental
clearance; and right-of-way acquisition, this shovel-ready project
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(along with every other POE project) has been shelved indefinitely
by Congress due to concerns over the size of the national debt.
Imperial County is attempting to engage with the federal government
in a public private partnership but believe this measure is a
crucial piece to making their project a reality.
The City of El Centro and other cities along the border believe that
with the elimination of redevelopment agencies in California they
have lost a valuable resource to promote economic and community
development opportunities in their communities and believe that this
measure provides an opportunity to provide a financing mechanism for
valuable economic development projects.
SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
Support:
Assembly Committee on Jobs, Economic Development and the Economy
(Sponsor)
American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
Calexico County Enterprise Zone
California Association for Local Economic Development
California Association for Micro Enterprise Opportunity
City of Calipatria
City of El Centro
City of Imperial
Coachella Valley Association of Governments
Coachella Valley Economic Partnership
Coachella Valley Enterprise Zone
County of Imperial
County of Riverside
Opposition:
None of file as of June 27, 2012
Consultant:Bill Gage