BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1551|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1551
          Author:   Torres (D), et al.
          Amended:  7/5/12 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE INSURANCE COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 6/28/12
          AYES:  Calderon, Gaines, Anderson, Corbett, Correa, Lieu, 
            Lowenthal, Price, Wyland
           
          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 8/16/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Walters, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Price, 
            Steinberg
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  69-3, 5/31/12 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Insurance:  public safety employees

           SOURCE  :     California Professional Firefighters


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits an insurer from increasing 
          auto insurance premiums for a peace officer, member of the 
          California Highway Patrol (CHP) or firefighter if that 
          individual was involved in an accident while operating 
          his/her private motor vehicle while in the performance of 
          his/her duty, and provides that the employer will assume 
          all liability that results from such an accident.  

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:
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          1. Provides that no insurer shall, in issuing or renewing a 
             private automobile insurance policy to a peace officer, 
             member of the CHP, or firefighter, with respect to 
             his/her operation of a private motor vehicle, increase 
             the premium on that policy for the reason that the 
             insured or applicant for insurance has been involved in 
             an accident while operating an authorized emergency 
             vehicle, as defined, in the performance of his/her duty 
             during the hours of his/her employment;

          2. Provides that a peace officer, member of the CHP, or 
             firefighter shall not be required to report any accident 
             in which he/she is involved while operating any 
             employer-leased or employer-rented vehicle, in the 
             performance of his/her duty during the hours of his/her 
             employment, to any person who has issued that peace 
             officer, member of the CHP, or firefighter a private 
             automobile insurance policy.

          This bill:

          1. Expands the exemption from mandatory reporting of 
             traffic accidents to a private insurer for public safety 
             professionals when accidents occur while using a 
             personal vehicle at the direction of an employer.  

          2.  Prohibits insurers from increasing auto insurance 
             premiums for public safety professionals when accidents 
             occur when using a personal vehicle at the direction of 
             an employer.

          3. Provides that if an accident and loss occurs while a 
             public safety professional is operating a personal 
             vehicle at the direction of an employer, the employer 
             will be considered the owner of the vehicle for the 
             purpose of any liability and defense of claim, and 
             requires any losses to be borne solely by the employer.

          4.  Provides that the employer shall assume liability for 
             and defense of a claim in which a dispute exists as to 
             whether the employer directed or requested the employee 
             to use the private passenger motor vehicle when the loss 
             occurred.

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          5.  Excludes the time period during which a public safety 
             professional is commuting to and from a regularly 
             assigned work location.

          Existing law protects peace officers, members of the CHP, 
          and firefighters who are involved in vehicular accidents, 
          while on the job.  These public safety personnel are not 
          required to report accidents in which they are involved 
          while on the job to their private automobile insurance 
          carriers, nor are their private automobile insurance 
          carriers allowed to increase their rates, or refuse to 
          renew their policies, as a result of an on-the-job 
          accident.  However, existing law limits this protection to 
          situations in which the peace officer, member of the CHP, 
          or firefighter is operating an authorized emergency vehicle 
          or an employer-leased or employer-rented vehicle at the 
          direction of his/her employer.  The operation of a private 
          vehicle at the direction of his/her employer is not 
          protected.

          1.  Department of Insurance (CDI) regulations  .  According to 
             regulations adopted by CDI, a driver may not be 
             determined to be principally at fault in an accident if 
             the "driver was responding to a call of duty as a paid 
             or volunteer member of any police or fire department, 
             first aid squad, or of any law enforcement agency, while 
             performing any other governmental function in a public 
             emergency."  (10 California Code of Regulations Section 
             2632.13)

          2.  Preexisting reimbursement for insurance costs  .  Public 
             employees using their personal vehicles for work 
             purposes are commonly provided reimbursement based on 
             the number of miles driven.  The standard business rate 
             of reimbursement per mile is established each year by 
             the Internal Revenue Service.  The current reimbursement 
             rate is $0.555 per mile.  This rate includes items such 
             as depreciation or lease payments, maintenance and 
             repairs, tires, gasoline (including taxes), oil, 
             insurance, and license and registration fees when 
             calculating the reimbursement rate.

          3.  Related statutory protections already in place  

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             A.    Government Code (GOV) Section 820.2 for injuries 
                resulting from an act or omission where the act or 
                omission was the result of the exercise of the 
                discretion vested in employee, whether or not such 
                discretion be abused.  

             B.     GOV Section 820.4  .  A public employee is not 
                liable for his act or omission, exercising due care, 
                in the execution or enforcement of any law.  

             C.     GOV Section 821.4  .  A public employee is not 
                liable for injury caused by his failure to make an 
                inspection, or by reason of making an inadequate or 
                negligent inspection, of any property, other than the 
                property of the public entity employing the public 
                employee, for the purpose of determining whether the 
                property complies with or violates any enactment or 
                contains or constitutes a hazard to health or safety. 


             D.     GOV Section 822.2  .  A public employee acting in 
                the scope of his employment is not liable for an 
                injury caused by his misrepresentation, whether or 
                not such misrepresentation be negligent or 
                intentional, unless he is guilty of actual fraud, 
                corruption or actual malice.

             E.     Health and Safety Code Section 1799.107  .  Neither 
                a public entity nor emergency rescue personnel 
                �officer, employee, or member of a fire department or 
                fire protection or firefighting agency] shall be 
                liable for any injury caused by an action taken by 
                the emergency rescue personnel acting within the 
                scope of their employment to provide emergency 
                services, unless the action taken was performed in 
                bad faith or in a grossly negligent manner.

             F.     Labor Code Section 2802  .  An employer shall 
                indemnify his/her employee for all necessary 
                expenditures or losses incurred by the employee in 
                direct consequence of the discharge of his/her 
                duties, or of his/her obedience to the directions of 
                the employer, even though unlawful, unless the 

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                employee, at the time of obeying the directions, 
                believed them to be unlawful.

             G.     Vehicle Code (VEH) Section 17004  .  A public 
                employee is not liable for civil damages on account 
                of personal injury to or death of any person or 
                damage to property resulting from the operation, in 
                the line of duty, of an authorized emergency vehicle 
                while responding to an emergency call or when in the 
                immediate pursuit of an actual or suspected violator 
                of the law, or when responding to but not upon 
                returning from a fire alarm or other emergency call.

             H.     VEH Section 17004.5  .  Any private firm or 
                corporation, or employee thereof, which maintains a 
                fire department and has entered into a mutual aid 
                agreement pursuant to Section 13855, 14095, or 
                14455.5 of the Health and Safety Code shall have the 
                same immunity from liability for civil damages on 
                account of personal injury to or death of any person 
                or damage to property resulting from the operation of 
                an authorized emergency vehicle while responding to, 
                but not upon returning from, a fire alarm or other 
                emergency call as is provided by law for the district 
                and its employees with which the firm or corporation 
                has entered into a mutual aid agreement, except when 
                the act or omission causing the personal injury to or 
                death of any person or damage to property occurs on 
                property under the control of such firm or 
                corporation.

             I.     VEH Section 17157  .  If a motor vehicle is 
                gratuitously loaned to a school district, the bailee 
                (the school) and not the bailor (the lender) shall be 
                deemed to be the owner within the provisions of this 
                chapter notwithstanding the terms of any contract, 
                until the bailor retakes possession of the motor 
                vehicle.

          4.  Indemnification of public employees  .   GOV Section 825 
             provides indemnification to public employees under 
             qualified circumstances, including a requirement that 
             the employee cooperate in his/her defense in good faith. 
              The sponsor has confirmed that it is the intent of this 

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             bill to grant only those protections already in place to 
             employees driving public vehicles and does not intend to 
             modify any of the employees preexisting duties, such as 
             the duty to cooperate with the defense.

             Under this bill, indemnity could extend to include 
             injuries caused by accidents related to poor vehicle 
             maintenance and other causes that are not related to the 
             employment.  It was for this reason, in part, that 
             Governor Schwarzenegger vetoed AB 2151 (Torres, 2010).  

          5.  Reimbursement of public entities by private insurers  .  
             Procedural difficulties related to litigation arise 
             because this bill requires the private automobile 
             insurer to reimburse the employer if it is subsequently 
             determined that the employer did not direct or request 
             the employee to use the private passenger motor vehicle 
             when the loss occurred that gave rise to the claim.  

           Prior Legislation  
           
          SB 629 (Correa), Chapter 211, Statutes of 2007, repealed 
          the requirement that peace officers and firefighters 
          involved in a vehicular accident submit a written 
          statement, under penalty of perjury, or a copy of the 
          incident report filed with their employer, to their private 
          automobile insurer.

          AB 1115 (S. Runner), Chapter 85, Statutes of 2008, expanded 
          the definition of an authorized emergency vehicle used in 
          the performance of duty by a peace officer, member of the 
          CHP, or firefighter to include vehicles that are rented or 
          leased by the employer for official purposes.

          AB 2151 (Torres, 2010), was identical to this bill that was 
          vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger because he felt that 
          granting indemnification in all situations regardless of 
          the driver's fault was unwarranted.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, there 
          will be an unknown increase in employer liability/insurance 

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          costs potentially in excess of $150,000.  
          (General/Special/Local)

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/16/12)

          California Professional Firefighters (source)
          AFSCME, AFL-CIO
          Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
          Association of Orange County Deputy Sheriffs
          California Association of Highway Patrolmen 
          California Fraternal Order of Police
          California State Sheriffs' Association 
          CDF Firefighters Local 2881
          Long Beach Police Officers Association
          Los Angeles County Probation Officers' Union, AFSCME, Local 
          685
          Los Angeles County Professional Peace Officers Association
          Los Angeles Police Protective League
          Orange County Professional Firefighters' Association
          Peace Officers Research Association of California 
          Riverside Sheriffs' Association
          Sacramento County Deputy Sheriffs Association
          San Diego Schools Police Officers Association
          Santa Ana Police Officers Association

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/16/12)

          California State Association of Counties 
          California Association of Joint Powers Authorities 
          California Joint Powers Insurance Authority 
          CSAC Excess Insurance Authority 
          Counties of Amador and Madera
          League of California Cities
          League of California Cities, Los Angeles Division 
          Northern California Cities Self Insurance Fund 
          Regional Council of Rural Counties
          Small Cities Organized Risk Effort 
          Cities of Antioch, Beverly Hills, Blythe, Camarillo, Canyon 
             Lake, Cathedral City, Claremont, Cloverdale, Corning, 
             Costa Mesa, Crescent City, Cypress, Duarte, Encinitas, 
             Fountain Valley, Folsom, Fresno, Glendora, Gridley, 
             Huntington Beach, La Habra, Livermore, Lynwood, Menlo 
             Park, Moorpark, Pismo Beach, Redwood City, San Luis 
             Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Maria, Santa Rosa, South San 

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             Francisco, Sunnyvale, and Thousand Oaks

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    This bill's sponsor, the 
          California Professional Firefighters, states:

             Currently, the number of daily details for California 
             public safety officers, in particular firefighters, is 
             on the rise - from training exercises to providing 
             relief and transportation of crews and equipment on 
             major incidents.  With more "detailing out" of 
             firefighters comes an increased demand on fire 
             departments to provide transportation and in certain 
             cases, greater pressure on firefighters to use their 
             privately-owned vehicles for such activities when 
             department-provided transportation is not authorized or 
             made available.

             In a few instances, where a firefighter has been ordered 
             or pressured to use his or her personal vehicle when on 
             detail and is involved in an accident while conducting 
             fire department business, an employer has refused to 
             indemnify that firefighter from liabilities that may 
             follow.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    California Association of Joint 
          Powers Authorities writes that making local agencies 
          primarily liable for liabilities that the peace officer or 
          firefighters create in the use of their own vehicle, even 
          if used while in the performance of their duties, creates 
          an additional cost on local agencies that they cannot 
          afford in these times of economic stress.  Further, forcing 
          the local agency to assume the liability of the peace 
          officer or firefighter until such time as it is determined 
          that the person was not acting in the performance of 
          his/her duties at the time of the claim will cause 
          additional costs of defense if the issue of acting within 
          the course and scope of his or duties cannot be litigated 
          along with the liabilities of the peace officer or 
          firefighter.   
           

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  69-3, 5/31/12
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Beall, 
            Bill Berryhill, Block, Blumenfield, Bonilla, Bradford, 

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            Brownley, Buchanan, Butler, Campos, Carter, Cedillo, 
            Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Davis, Dickinson, Eng, Feuer, 
            Fletcher, Fong, Fuentes, Furutani, Beth Gaines, Galgiani, 
            Gatto, Gorell, Hagman, Halderman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi, 
            Roger Hern�ndez, Hill, Huber, Hueso, Huffman, Jeffries, 
            Jones, Knight, Lara, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Miller, 
            Mitchell, Monning, Morrell, Nestande, Nielsen, Olsen, 
            Pan, Perea, V. Manuel P�rez, Portantino, Skinner, Smyth, 
            Solorio, Swanson, Torres, Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, 
            John A. P�rez
          NOES:  Donnelly, Grove, Wagner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Charles Calderon, Garrick, Gordon, 
            Mansoor, Mendoza, Norby, Silva, Valadao


          JJA:k  8/20/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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