BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1575
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          Date of Hearing:   March 21, 2012

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Julia Brownley, Chair
                  AB 1575 (Lara) - As Introduced:  February 1, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   Pupil fees

           SUMMARY  :   Codifies the constitutional prohibition on the 
          imposition of pupil fees and establishes procedures to ensure 
          compliance with that prohibition.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Defines "pupil fee" to include:
             a)   A fee charged as a condition for registering for or 
               participating in a school or class or extracurricular 
               activity that is an integral part of elementary and 
               secondary education.
             b)   A security deposit or other payment to obtain or 
               purchase a lock, locker, class apparatus, musical 
               instrument, uniform, or other materials or equipment.
          2)Requires, within the first eight weeks of the school year, the 
            district superintendent, the county superintendent of schools, 
            or the chief executive officer of a charter school to 
            determine whether prohibited fees have been or are being 
            assessed.
          3)Requires full reimbursement of prohibited fees within the 
            first 10 weeks of the school year and requires the assessment 
            of prohibited fees be disclosed in a regularly scheduled 
            meeting of the school district or county office of education 
            governing board or governing body of a charter school.
          4)Adds compliance with the prohibition against pupil fees to the 
            annual financial audit required of local education agencies 
            (LEAs, which include charter schools) and requires this 
            provision to be added to the K-12 audit guide commencing with 
            the 2012-13 fiscal year.
          5)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction to withhold 
            a specified amount of a local education agency's 
            administrative expenditures if the LEA has an unresolved or 
            new audit exception.
          6)Requires LEAs to use the existing uniform complaint process to 
            identify and resolve complaints regarding violations of the 
            prohibition against pupil fees. 
          7)Requires the prohibition against pupil fees and the complaint 
            procedure to be added to the existing notice posted in each 
            classroom regarding the sufficiency of instructional 








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            materials, maintenance of facilities, and teacher assignments 
            by March 1, 2013.
          8)Requires school site administrators or other designees to 
            investigate and resolve complaints, authorizes a complainant 
            who is not satisfied with the resolution to appeal to the 
            Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI), and requires the 
            SPI to order the reimbursement of any fees determined to be 
            unlawful.
          9)Clarifies that this bill does not prohibit solicitation of 
            voluntary donations of funds or property, voluntary 
            participation in fundraising activities, or school districts, 
            schools, and other entities from providing pupils prizes or 
            other recognition for voluntarily participating in fundraising 
            activities.

           EXISTING LAW:  

          1)Requires, in the California Constitution, the Legislature to 
            "provide for a system of common schools by which a free school 
            shall be kept up and supported in each district at least six 
            months in every year, after the first year in which a school 
            has been established."

          2)Requires each local education agency to adopt policies and 
            procedures to ensure compliance with applicable state and 
            federal laws and regulations, including the establishment of a 
            uniform system of complaint process for specified programs; to 
            provide for an annual audit of its books and accounts, as 
            specified; and to post a notice in each classroom in each 
            school notifying parents, guardians, pupils and teachers of 
            specified compliance requirements.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Senate Appropriations 
          Committee analysis of a virtually identical bill, AB 165 (Lara), 
          in 2011, this bill will likely cost the state tens of millions 
          of dollars in reimbursable mandated costs plus up to $400,000 
          per year for California Department of Education administrative 
          costs.  If this bill is not enacted, however, the court will 
          re-open the Doe v. California settlement agreement, which will 
          likely present different (and unknown) state costs.

           COMMENTS  :   This bill codifies the existing constitutional 
          prohibition on the assessment of pupil fees and establishes 
          administrative processes to notify pupils and parents of their 
          rights, investigate and identify the assessment of prohibited 








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          fees, and provide for the reimbursement of prohibited fees.  It 
          is a reintroduction of AB 165 (Lara), which was vetoed by the 
          Governor last year.  The  Governor's veto message  read:

               This bill responds to a lawsuit filed by the ACLU 
               against the state, alleging that some local school 
               districts are denying students their right to a free 
               public education by charting improper fees for classes 
               and extracurricular activities.  Local district 
               compliance with this right is essential, and those who 
               fail should be held accountable.  But this bill takes 
               the wrong approach to getting there.

               The bill would mandate that every single classroom in 
               California post a detailed notice and that all 1,042 
               school districts and over 1,200 charter schools follow 
               specific complaint, hearing and audit procedures, even 
               where there have been no complaints, let alone 
               evidence of any violation.  This goes too far.

           Background:   The California Supreme Court ruled in Hartzell v. 
          Connell (1984; 35 Cal.3d 899, 201) that pupil fees violate the 
          constitutional right to a free education.  Moreover, the court 
          ruled that extracurricular activities also must be free, because 
          they are an integral component of public education and a part of 
          the educational program.  The issue of pupil fees has been 
          litigated many times since Hartzell, and in nearly all cases the 
          outcome has been a settlement or court decision favorable to the 
          plaintiffs.

          In September 2010 the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) 
          filed a class action lawsuit alleging the unconstitutional 
          assessment of pupil fees by school districts �Jane Doe, et al. 
          v. State of California, et al., (Super. Ct. Los Angeles County, 
          2010, BC445151)].  The lawsuit followed an August 2010 report 
          from the ACLU that documented more than 50 public school 
          districts that required pupils to pay fees for textbooks, 
          workbooks, science labs, physical education uniforms, classroom 
          materials, and extracurricular activities.

          In December 2010 Governor Schwarzenegger and the ACLU announced 
          a tentative settlement that would have established a monitoring 
          and enforcement system, but the court did not finalize the 
          settlement.  The following April the ACLU filed an amended 
          complaint that dropped the Governor as a defendant and added the 








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          SPI, the California Department of Education, and the State Board 
          of Education (the "State Education Defendants").  In May 2011the 
          State Education Defendants and the ACLU agreed to a stay of 
          court proceedings to allow for a legislative solution.  The 
          State of California did not agree to the stay and instead 
          suggested that the case be dismissed pending the outcome of the 
          legislative process.

          The legislative solution, which was supported by the ACLU, was 
          AB 165 (Lara).  After AB 165 was vetoed by the Governor, the 
          court case was reactivated.  On January 26, 2012 the court 
          overruled demurrers filed by the State of California and the 
          State Education Defendants, allowing the legal case to move 
          forward.  The courts have consistently ruled against the 
          imposition of pupil fees.  Therefore, if the Legislature does 
          not enact its own solution, it is almost certain that the court 
          will order one.


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          American Civil Liberties Union
          California Association for Bilingual Education
          Californians Together
          Public Advocates

           Opposition 
           
          Association of California School Administrators
          Riverside County School Superintendents' Association
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Rick Pratt / ED. / (916) 319-2087