BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1575|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1575
          Author:   Lara (D), et al.
          Amended:  8/21/12 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 6/27/12
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Alquist, Liu, Price, Simitian, Vargas
          NOES:  Blakeslee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Runner, Hancock, Huff, Vacancy
           
          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 8/16/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Dutton
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  50-22, 5/31/12 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Pupil fees

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill codifies the Constitutional 
          prohibition on the imposition of pupil fees and establishes 
          policies to ensure compliance with the prohibition.  

           ANALYSIS  :    The California Constitution (Cal. Const.) 
          requires the Legislature to provide for a system of common 
          schools by which a free school shall be kept up and 
          supported in each district at least six months in every 
          year, after the first year in which a school has been 
          established.  (Cal. Const., Article IX, Section 5) 
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          Existing law establishes that state-supported educational 
          opportunities are a right to be enjoyed without regard to 
          economic status and prohibits school officials from 
          requiring any pupil, except for pupils in classes for 
          adults, to purchase any instructional material for the 
          pupils' use in the school.  
          (Education Code (ED) Section 51004 and Section 60070)

          Existing law specifies that a pupil enrolled in a school 
          shall not be required to pay any fee, deposit, or other 
          charge not specifically authorized by law.  
          (California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 5, Section 
          350) 
           
          Existing law, through the CCR, requires school districts to 
          adopt Uniform Complaint Procedures (UCP) that provide a 
          process by which the public can file written statements 
          alleging discrimination or a violation of a federal or 
          state law and that delineate the responsibilities of the 
          complainant, the local educational agency, and the 
          California Department of Education (CDE).  Existing law, 
          through statute, establishes a UCP for complaints regarding 
          instructional materials, emergency or urgent facilities 
          conditions that pose a threat to the health and safety of 
          pupils, and teacher vacancy or misassignment.  

          (CCR, Title 5, Section 4600 and ED Section 35186)

          This bill:

          1. Specifies a pupil enrolled in a public school shall not 
             be required to pay a pupil fee for participation in an 
             educational activity.

          2. Defines "pupil fee" as a fee, deposit, or other charge 
             imposed on pupils, or a pupil's parents or guardians in 
             violation of Section 49011 of the Cal. Const. which 
             require educational activities to be provided free of 
             charge to all pupils without regard to their families' 
             ability or willingness to pay fees or request special 
             waivers, as specified.  Further specifies that a fee 
             includes but is not limited to:  


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             A.    A fee charged to a pupil as a condition for 
                registering for school or classes or as a condition 
                for participation in a class or an extracurricular 
                activity, regardless of whether the class or activity 
                is elective or compulsory, or is for credit.  

             B.    A security deposit or other payment that a pupil 
                is required to make to obtain a lock, locker, book, 
                class apparatus, musical instrument, uniform, or 
                other materials or equipment.  

             C.    A purchase that a pupil is required to make to 
                obtain materials, supplies, equipment, or uniforms 
                associated with educational activities.  

          3. Requires all supplies, materials, and equipment needed 
             to participate in educational activities to be provided 
             to pupils free of charge and specifies that a fee-waiver 
             policy shall not make a pupil fee permissible.  

          4. Prohibits school districts and schools from establishing 
             a two-tier educational system or offering course credit 
             or privileges related to educational activities in 
             exchange for money or donations of goods or services 
             from a pupil or a pupil's parents or guardians.  

          5. Prohibits a school district or school from offering 
             course credit or privileges related to educational 
             activities in exchange for money or donations of goods 
             or services from a pupil or pupil's parents or 
             guardians, and prohibits a school district or school 
             from removing course credit or privileges related to 
             educational activities, or otherwise discriminate 
             against a pupil because the pupil or the pupil's parents 
             or guardians did not or will not provide money or 
             donations of goods or services to the school district or 
             school.  

          6. Specifies that this legislation not be interpreted to 
             prohibit solicitation of voluntary donations of funds or 
             property, voluntary participation in fundraising 
             activities, or school districts and schools from 
             providing pupils prizes or other recognition for 
             voluntarily participating in fundraising activities.  

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          7. Specifies that the prohibition against pupil fees 
             applies to all public schools, including, but not 
             limited to, charter schools and alternative schools.  

          8. Specifies a complaint of noncompliance with the 
             requirements of this article may be filed with the 
             principal of a school under the UCP.

          9. Specifies that a complaint may be filed anonymously if 
             the complaint provides evidence or information leading 
             to evidence to support an allegation of noncompliance 
             with the requirements of this article.

          10.Specifies that a complainant not satisfied with the 
             decision of a public school may appeal the decision to 
             the CDE and shall receive a written appeal decision 
             within 60 days of the CDE's receipt of the appeal.

          11.States that if a public school finds merit in a 
             complaint, or the CDE finds merit in an appeal, the 
             public school shall provide a remedy to all affected 
             pupils, parents, and guardians that, where applicable, 
             includes reasonable efforts by the public school to 
             ensure full reimbursement to all affected pupils, 
             parents, and guardians, subject to procedures 
             established through regulations adopted by the state 
             board.

          12.States that information regarding the requirements of 
             this article shall be included in the annual 
             notification distributed to pupils, parents and 
             guardians, employees, and other interested parties.

          13.Requires public schools to establish local policies and 
             procedures to implement the provisions of this section 
             on or before March 1, 2013.

          14.Provides for local educational agencies to be reimbursed 
             for costs associated with complying with this bill if 
             the Commission on State Mandates determines that the act 
             contains mandated costs.  

           Background

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          The Cal. Const. entitles public school pupils to a free and 
          equal education and current law specifies that 
          state-supported educational opportunities are a right to be 
          enjoyed without regard to economic status.  Additionally, 
          the CCR prohibits schools from charging pupils fees, 
          deposits, or other charges not specifically authorized by 
          law.  In 1984, the California Supreme Court ruled in 
          Hartzell v. Connell that public schools cannot charge 
          students or families fees as a condition for participating 
          in educational programs, including extracurricular 
          activities.  The Court opined that because extracurricular 
          activities are an integral component of public education 
          and are therefore part of the educational program, they 
          must be free.  The opinion further stated that "imposition 
          of fees as a precondition for participation in 
          non-statutory educational programs offered by public high 
          school districts on a non-credit basis violates the free 
          school guarantee."  

          In August 2010, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) 
          released a report that detailed the results of an 
          investigation that found more than 50 public school 
          districts that charge pupil fees for participating in 
          educational programs.  The types of fees ranged from 
          charges for text books, workbooks, science lab fees, 
          material fees for fine arts classes, and required purchases 
          of physical education uniforms.  The study found that 
          charges for participation in extracurricular activities 
          were often in the hundreds, and in some cases, thousands of 
          dollars.  

          In September 2010, the ACLU filed a class action lawsuit 
          against the state (Jane Doe, et al. v. State of California, 
          et al., Super.  Court, Los Angeles County, 2010, BC445151) 
          claiming that many of the fees charged for school 
          activities and supplies violate the Cal. Const. and various 
          provisions of the ED and seeking an injunction directing 
          the State of California to develop a monitoring and 
          enforcement system to prevent the imposition of 
          unconstitutional fees.  

          In December 2010, former Governor Schwarzenegger and the 
          ACLU announced a tentative settlement in Doe v. California. 

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           The settlement would have established a monitoring and 
          enforcement system, but the court did not finalize the 
          settlement.  The following April, the ACLU filed an amended 
          complaint that dropped the Governor as a defendant and 
          added the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the CDE, 
          and the State Board of Education (State Defendants).  In 
          May 2011, the State Defendants and the ACLU agreed to a 
          stay of court proceedings to allow for a legislative 
          solution.  The State of California did not agree to the 
          stay and suggested that the action be dismissed, pending 
          movement of AB 165 (Lara, 2012), through the legislative 
          process.  However, AB 165, which was passed by the Senate 
          Education Committee on a 6-1 vote, was subsequently vetoed 
          by Governor Brown.  The veto message read, "This bill 
          responds to a lawsuit filed by the ACLU against the state, 
          alleging that some local school districts are denying 
          students their right to a free public education by charging 
          improper fees for classes and extracurricular activities.  
          Local district compliance with this right is essential, and 
          those who fail should be held accountable.  But this bill 
          takes the wrong approach to getting there.  The bill would 
          mandate that every single classroom in California post a 
          detailed notice and that all 1,042 school districts and 
          over 1,200 charter schools follow specific complaint, 
          hearing, and audit procedures, even where there have been 
          no complaints, let alone evidence of any violation.  This 
          goes too far."

          On January 26, 2012, the court overruled demurrers filed by 
          the State of California and the State Education defendants, 
          allowing the legal case to move forward.  The case is 
          pending before the court.

           Administrative and fiscal impact  .  The administrative 
          requirements of 
          this bill are substantially reduced from those proposed by 
          AB 165.  While this bill still requires notices posted in 
          classrooms to include information about how to file a 
          complaint about the imposition of fees for participation in 
          educational activities, supporters maintain that the 
          uniform complaint procedure is an appropriate enforcement 
          mechanism and one that works well for local educational 
          agencies.  


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           FISCAL EFFECT :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/21/12)

          ACLU of California
          Association of American Publishers
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Association for Bilingual Education
          California Association of School Business Officials
          California Association of Suburban School Districts
          California Catholic Conference
          California Federation of Teachers
          Californian's Together
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          Public Advocates
          Public Counsel
          Riverside County School Superintendents' Association


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  50-22, 5/31/12
          AYES:  Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Beall, Block, 
            Blumenfield, Bonilla, Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, 
            Butler, Campos, Carter, Cedillo, Chesbro, Davis, 
            Dickinson, Eng, Feuer, Fong, Fuentes, Furutani, Galgiani, 
            Gatto, Gordon, Hall, Hayashi, Roger Hern�ndez, Hill, 
            Huber, Hueso, Huffman, Lara, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, 
            Mitchell, Monning, Pan, Perea, V. Manuel P�rez, 
            Portantino, Skinner, Solorio, Swanson, Torres, 
            Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, John A. P�rez
          NOES:  Achadjian, Conway, Cook, Donnelly, Beth Gaines, 
            Garrick, Grove, Hagman, Halderman, Harkey, Jeffries, 
            Jones, Knight, Logue, Miller, Morrell, Nestande, Nielsen, 
            Olsen, Silva, Smyth, Wagner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Bill Berryhill, Charles Calderon, 
            Fletcher, Gorell, Mansoor, Mendoza, Norby, Valadao


          PQ/RM:k  8/21/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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