BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  AB 1578                     HEARING:  6/27/12
          AUTHOR:  Logue                        FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  6/13/12                     TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Weinberger               

                       INDIAN VALLEY WATERMASTER DISTRICT
          

                Creates the Indian Valley Watermaster District.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          Watermasters carry out water rights decrees, ensuring that 
          the owners of water rights properly distribute, divert, 
          store, and use their water.  In eight northern counties, 
          the State Department of Water Resources (DWR) provides 
          watermaster services, operating in 12 watermaster service 
          areas.  Watermaster service areas recover their costs by 
          charging annual "apportionments" to the landowners whose 
          water rights are covered by the decrees.
                         
          Historically, the affected landowners paid for half of a 
          watermaster service area's costs and the state government 
          paid the rest.  The 2004-05 State Budget ended that 
          cost-sharing, requiring landowners to pay for a watermaster 
          service area's full costs (SB 1107, Senate Budget and 
          Fiscal Review Committee, 2004).  However, because DWR used 
          funds from other programs to help offset costs of the 
          watermaster related activities, the program's full costs 
          were not passed onto water rights holders.  The 2011-12 
          state budget eliminated the remaining state subsidy, 
          resulting in dramatic fee increases for some water rights 
          holders.  

          In response to the 2004-05 reduction in cost sharing, some 
          landowners wanted the courts to reassign watermaster duties 
          to local governments.  In 2006, the Legislature authorized 
          a court to appoint another public agency to assume DWR's 
          watermaster duties (SB 775, Cox, 2006).  The next year, at 
          the request of water rights holders in three water service 
          areas, the Legislature created two new special districts to 
          assume the watermasters' duties in those areas (SB 516, 
          Aanestad, 2007 and AB 1580, La Malfa, 2007).




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          In response to the fee increases that resulted from the 
          recent loss of state funding for watermaster services, 
          water rights holders in the Indian Creek Water Service Area 
          in Plumas County want the same authority to form a new 
          special district that the 2007 Aanestad and La Malfa bills 
          granted to landowners in other water service areas.
                                         
                                  Proposed Law  

          Assembly Bill 1578 enacts the Indian Valley Watermaster 
          District Act, creating the Indian Valley Watermaster 
          District.

                Territory  .  The District's boundaries cover 53 
          specified tracts within Plumas County.  

                Powers  .  AB 1578 gives the District the power to act 
          as watermaster over decreed water rights for which the 
          superior court has appointed the District as watermaster.  
          The District has the same powers and duties as a DWR 
          watermaster service area.  However, the superior court can 
          modify the District's powers.  The bill also gives the 
          District the power to adopt ordinances and regulations, 
          acquire and dispose of property, appoint employees, and 
          enter contracts.  The bill says that the District does not 
          have eminent domain powers.

                Governance  .  AB 1578 creates a five-member board of 
          directors to govern the District.  By February 1, 2013, the 
          Plumas County Board of Supervisors must appoint the 
          District's initial board of directors.  The initial board 
          serves until the first opportunity to hold an election.  At 
          that election, the affected landowners in the Indian Valley 
          Service Area elect three members.  The Plumas County Board 
          of Supervisors appoints the two other board members who 
          must be county residents, but not landowners in the Indian 
          Valley Service Area.  The directors classify themselves so 
          that three directors serve initial terms of four years and 
          two directors serve initial terms of two years.  
          Thereafter, the directors serve staggered four-year terms.  
          The directors may be reimbursed for expenses.

                Voting  .  AB 1578 defines the District's voters as the 
          owners of water rights whose places of use are parcels 
          within the District for water rights under appointed 





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          decrees.  Water rights owners who contract with the 
          District for water-master service for their parcels are 
          also voters.  Every voter has one vote.  Otherwise, the 
          District's elections follow the procedures used by 
          landowner voting districts under the Uniform District 
          Election Law.

                Finances  .  AB 1578 allows the District to recover its 
          costs by charging apportionments to the affected 
          landowners, following the same procedures as a DWR 
          watermaster service area.

                General  .  AB 1578 requires the District to comply with 
          the Brown Act's open meeting requirements, have regular 
          audits, and file annual financial reports with the State 
          Controller.  The bill also declares that the District is 
          not subject to the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Act.  




                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate.


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  Invented in California, special 
          districts offer landowners and residents a way to pay for 
          the services they want.  Unlike counties and cities that 
          deliver a wide range of public services over large areas, 
          special districts offer focused services, delivering just 
          one or two services to specific geographic areas where the 
          recipients are willing to pay.  With the end of state 
          subsidies for watermaster services and the resulting 
          increase in rates, some landowners want the courts to 
          reassign the watermaster duties to local governments.  
          Instead, Plumas County's affected landowners want the 
          Legislature to set up a new special district.  By creating 
          the Indian Valley Watermaster District, AB 1578 gives the 
          affected landowners more control over their watermasters' 
          costs.

          2.   Who governs  ?  As applied to special districts, the 
          constitutional doctrines of equal protection and 





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          one-person-one-vote usually result in governing boards 
          elected by registered voters.  Nevertheless, the courts 
          have allowed state laws that restrict special districts' 
          elections to landowners when the districts don't provide 
          general governmental services.  AB 1578 limits 
          participation in the Indian Valley Watermaster District's 
          elections to just the affected landowners with decreed 
          water rights.  Those "voters" pick three of the District's 
          five directors, resulting in a hybrid governing board.  
          Although this governance scheme may be constitutionally 
          acceptable, the Committee may wish to consider if it's 
          politically acceptable.

          3.   Special need, special act  .  Most of California's 3,400 
          special districts operate under one of about 60 "principal 
          acts."  For example, the Community Services District Law 
          governs all 319 community services districts.  But the 
          Legislature has also created about 120 special act, special 
          districts, enacting a separate law for each special 
          district.  As created by AB 1578, the Indian Valley 
          Watermaster District is another special act, special 
          district.  In response to fee increases resulting from 
          recent state budget changes, additional watermaster service 
          areas may seek to become special districts in future years. 
           To eliminate the need to pass special legislation creating 
          each new watermaster district, legislators may wish to 
          consider passing a "principle act" allowing any watermaster 
          service area to form a new district pursuant to 
          requirements specified in state law.

          4.   Mandate  .  The California Constitution requires the 
          state government to reimburse the costs of new or expanded 
          state mandated local programs.  Legislative Counsel says 
          that AB 1578 creates a new state mandated local program by 
          increasing the duties of county and district officials.  
          Section 2 of the bill disclaims the state's responsibility 
          for providing reimbursement by citing the district's 
          authority to charge for the costs of implementing the 
          bill's provisions.

          5.   Double-referral  .  Because AB 1587 creates a new special 
          district that exercises jurisdiction over water rights, the 
          Senate Rules Committee double-referred AB 1587, first to 
          the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee, which 
          hears bills related to water policy, and then to the Senate 
          Governance & Finance Committee, which considers bills that 





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          affect special districts.  On June 12, the bill passed out 
          of Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee on a 9-0 
          vote.


                                 Assembly Actions  

          Assembly Local Government Committee:  9-0
          Assembly Appropriations Committee:17-0
          Assembly Floor:                    75-0


                         Support and Opposition  (6/21/12)

           Support  :  California Cattlemen's Association; Plumas County 
          Board of Supervisors.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.