BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                AB 1625
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        ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
        AB 1625 (Allen)
        As Amended  April 9, 2012
        Majority vote 

         AGRICULTURE         9-0         APPROPRIATIONS      12-4        
         
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        |Ayes:|Galgiani, Valadao, Bill   |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
        |     |Berryhill, Hill, Ma,      |     |Bradford, Charles         |
        |     |Mendoza, Olsen, Perea,    |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |
        |     |Yamada                    |     |Gatto, Hall, Hill, Lara,  |
        |     |                          |     |Mitchell, Solorio         |
        |     |                          |     |                          |
        |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
        |     |                          |Nays:|Donnelly, Nielsen, Norby, |
        |     |                          |     |Wagner                    |
        |     |                          |     |                          |
         ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
         SUMMARY  :  Creates a fund and program, as specified, to financially 
        assist farmers, who have transitioned from conventional farming 
        practices to certified organic farming practices, with the first 
        year of certification costs.  Specifically,  this bill  : 

        1)Cites this as the "Transition to Organic Act (Act) of 2012," and 
          requires it be interpreted in accordance with the National Organic 
          Program (NOP) and the California Organic Products Act of 2003 
          (COPA).

        2)Provides the following definitions for purposes of this Act:

           a)   "Conventional farm" meaning any farm or portions of a farm 
             that is not certified under the rules of NOP and COPA, and has 
             submitted a pesticide use report in accordance with statute 
             prior to January 1, 2013; and,

           b)   "Person" means an individual, group of individuals, 
             corporation, association, organization, cooperative or other 
             entity.

        3)Creates the Transition to Organics Fund (Fund) in the State 
          Treasury and permits moneys to be deposited in the Fund.  The Fund 
          may be located in the State Treasury or in a state depository bank 
          approved by the State Treasury, and shall be appropriated by the 








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          Legislature.

        4)Requires the Fund to consist of moneys from industry, and citizen 
          sources and prohibits deposits from the state General Fund.

        5)Requires the Fund to be administered by the Secretary (Secretary) 
          of the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) and 
          permits the adoption of regulations to carry out this Act.

        6)Requires expenditures by the Secretary from the Fund do only the 
          following:

           a)   Provide financial assistance to farmers that have 
             transitioned from conventional farms to certified organic 
             farms, for the first year of organic certification, pursuant to 
             the following procedures:

             i)     For the first year a farmer is certified to sell organic 
               products, on or after January 1, 2013, the Act permits them 
               to apply and receive up to a 25% reimbursement of the costs 
               to obtain organic certification, including inspection fees, 
               application fees and annual fees; and,

             ii)    Provides a maximum payment to any such transitioning 
               farm of $250 and a maximum payment to any one person per year 
               of $1,000.  Reimbursement will be made on a first come, first 
               serve basis, contingent upon sufficient funds being available 
               in the Fund.

           b)   Provides that the Director of Finance is to annually 
             determine if sufficient moneys are available in the Fund to pay 
             the expenses incurred by the Secretary in the administration of 
             the Act.

        7)Permits the Secretary to administer the Fund in coordination with 
          the procedures associated with the federal Organic Certification 
          Cost-Share Program.

        8)Requires the Secretary to receive and accept moneys on behalf of 
          the Act from any combination of persons, state agencies, and 
          deposit said moneys to the Fund.

        9)Requires persons applying for moneys, to be solely responsible for 
          the accuracy and truthfulness of information provided to CDFA, 








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          including but not limited to, a description of the qualifying 
          property, prior land use, and certification costs.  Permits the 
          Secretary to levy a civil penalty, in accordance with existing 
          statute, upon persons who provide false information to CDFA.

        10)Requires the Secretary to keep records of contributions and 
          disbursements of the Fund; these records are to be publicly 
          available, and available to the California Organic Products 
          Advisory Committee (Advisory Committee).

         EXISTING STATE LAW  established the state organic program in 1990 for 
        the purpose of protecting the consumers, producers, handlers, 
        processors and retailers by the establishment of standards under 
        which fresh agricultural products and foods may be labeled and sold 
        as "organic."  It provides definitions, enforcement, program 
        procedures, an advisory board, inspections, penalties, a 
        certification process, fees, and regulations.  Enforcement 
        activities are coordinated with the Advisory Committee, the United 
        States Department of Agriculture and the California County 
        Agricultural Commissioners.  The scope of the Act was expanded in 
        1992 to include seed fiber, and horticultural products sold or 
        labeled as organic.  In 2002, it was amended to conform to NOP and 
        renamed COPA.

        Current statutes provide that the Secretary may, in lieu of 
        prosecution, levy a civil penalty per violation of up to $5,000, as 
        specified.  Further, if it is found that the violation was not 
        intentional, the penalty shall not exceed $2,500 per violation; 
        statutes provide for due process.

         EXISTING FEDERAL LAW  provides for the establishment of regulations 
        of food for humans, food for pets, livestock feed and raw 
        agricultural products when using, on a principal display panel 
        (label), the word "Organic."  The enabling NOP regulations were 
        finalized and adopted in December 2001 under the authorization of 
        the federal Organic Foods Product Act, which was created in 1990.  
        Regulations provide definitions, enforcement procedures, 
        registration fees for certification and procedures, requirements for 
        becoming a certifier, and listing of allowed and prohibited 
        substances that are annually updated.  The federal Organic 
        Certification Cost-Share program provides up to 75% of the 
        certification cost, up to a maximum of $750.  

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, 








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        the Fund would optimally contain approximately $100,000 per year 
        that would be used to provide at least 300 transitioning farmers 
        with a $250 stipend and allow enough money for administering the 
        fund.  Costs for CDFA administering the fund are estimated to be 
        $41,000 in the first year and $16,500 on-going.

         COMMENTS  :  Transition from conventional to organic farming creates 
        many challenges; it takes at least three years to become certified 
        organic.  Organic or transitioning farmers cannot use synthetic 
        fertilizers and can only use approved pesticides, and such products 
        are often more expensive and less familiar to the farmer.  During 
        this time, the farmer must comply with organic growing requirements 
        but cannot sell products as organic.  The author states that these 
        financial challenges discourage many farmers from converting to 
        organic practices.  It is estimated that California has 22% of the 
        nation's certified organic growers.

        Currently, CDFA has an agreement with NOP to administer the federal 
        Cost-Share program, which can provide to organic farmers, processors 
        and handlers who are eligible, up to 75% or a maximum of $750 of 
        their costs to be certified as organic per year.  CDFA receives $1 
        million annually to operate the federal program.  Last fiscal year 
        they sent cost-share applications to 3,276 organic registrants; 
        1,481 responded (45%) and 1,475 received reimbursements totaling 
        $925,027.68 for an average of $625 each.  Six applicants did not 
        have operations within California and were redirected to the 
        appropriate state in which they were located.  This bill proposes to 
        create a similar program to the federal cost-share program to 
        encourage farmers interested in transitioning to organic practices 
        and provide an economic incentive once they have reached 
        certification status.  

        The federal cost-share program has annual caps, but no lifetime 
        caps, for applicants to receive reimbursement.  This subsidy can be 
        requested year after year as long as the funds continue to be 
        appropriated in the federal budget.  As written, this bill will only 
        allow reimbursement of certification costs, up to 25%, for the first 
        year of certification, limiting the funding needs of the program.

        Previous Legislation:  AB 1401 (Ma) of 2009, vetoed by the Governor, 
        created the "Transition to Organics Fund" and the "Transition to 
        Organic Act," to assist farmers who are transitioning from 
        conventional farming practices to certified organic practices, and 
        provided specified definitions and related authority to operate the 








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        program.  Governor Schwarzenegger's veto message stated:  "While I 
        support the author's goal to assist individuals converting to 
        organic farming, I cannot support establishing an assistance program 
        and expanding the workload of the California Department of Food and 
        Agriculture when there is no guarantee of a funding mechanism."


         Analysis Prepared by  :    Jim Collin / AGRI. / (916) 319-2084


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