BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                            SENATE AGRICULTURE COMMITTEE
                         Senator Anthony Cannella, Chairman

          BILL NO:    AB 1625                   HEARING:  7/3/12
          AUTHOR:   Allen                       FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  06/18/12                    CONSULTANT:  Anne Megaro
          
                             Transition to Organics Act.

           SUMMARY:

          Existing law:

              1.   Established the state organic program in 1990 to protect 
               against the use of the term "organic" for products not 
               produced and handled under regulations promulgated by the 
               National Organic Program and by the secretary of CDFA.

             2.   Provides for definitions, certification process, 
               registration of organizations, inspections, recordkeeping, 
               an advisory board, fees, penalties, violations, 
               enforcement, and regulations for products sold or labeled 
               as organic.

             3.   Establishes the California Organic Products Advisory 
               Committee to advise the secretary of CDFA on organic 
               matters.  The committee consists of 15 members: six 
               producers, two processors, one wholesale distributor, two 
               consumer representatives, one environmental representative, 
               two technical representatives, and one retail 
               representative.  


           Existing federal law:  

             1.   Requires USDA to develop national standards and 
               regulations for organically produced agricultural products 
               to assure consumers that products labeled as "organic" meet 
               consistent, uniform standards and originate from farms with 
               organic certification, as authorized by the Organic Foods 
               Production Act of 1990.

             2.   Provides for definitions, regulations, organic 
               certification process, compliance requirements, production 
               and handling practices, accreditation program for 
               certifying agents, violations, penalties, and 
               appropriations.

             3.   Establishes a National Organic Standards Board and a 




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               National Organic Certification Cost Share Program.  The 
               Program provides reimbursement to farms up to 75% (maximum 
               $750) of the organic certification cost.




           This bill:
           
             1.   Establishes the Transition to Organics Fund (Fund), to 
               be administered by CDFA, which would consist of moneys 
               contributed from any industry, citizen, person, and state 
               agency sources.  No moneys from the General Fund will be 
               used.  The Fund shall be located within the State Treasury 
               or in a state depository bank approved by the State 
               Treasurer, and funds shall be available upon appropriation 
               by the Legislature.

             2.   Limits Fund spending to providing financial assistance 
               to persons who are transitioning their farms from 
               conventional to certified organic farming systems, as well 
               as administrative and operational expenses incurred by 
               CDFA.  

             3.   Provides definition for "conventional" to mean any farm, 
               or portion of a farm, that is not a certified organic farm, 
               and has submitted a pesticide use report for that farm 
               prior to January 1, 2013.

             4.   Reimburses 25% of the costs associated with obtaining 
               organic certification for a person transitioning from 
               conventional to organic farming.  Reimbursement is limited 
               to the first year of certification and includes inspection, 
               application, and annual fees.  

             5.   Restricts maximum payment to $250 for any farm.  The 
               maximum total payments made to a person (individual, group 
               of individuals, corporation, association, organization, 
               cooperative, foundation or other entity) shall not exceed 
               $1,000 per year.

             6.   Restricts consideration to newly transitioned farms 
               obtaining organic certifications on or after January 1, 
               2013.

             7.   Restricts reimbursement to a first-come, first-served 
               basis, contingent upon sufficient funds available in the 





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               Fund.

             8.   Requires the secretary to receive and accept, on behalf 
               of the Fund, any monetary contributions to the Fund from 
               any person or agency of the state and deposit those 
               contributions in the Fund.

             9.   Authorizes the secretary to adopt regulations, as 
               needed, to carry out this act.

             10.  Authorizes the secretary to administer disbursement of 
               moneys from the Fund in coordination with the procedures 
               associated with the National Organic Certification Cost 
               Share Program.

             11.  Authorizes the secretary to levy civil penalties on any 
               person who renders or furnishes false information in their 
               application seeking reimbursement moneys from the Fund.

             12.  Requires the secretary to keep records of contributions 
               to and payments from the Fund.  These records must be 
               publically available upon request and reported annually to 
               the California Organic Products Advisory Committee.

           COMMENTS:

          1.Purpose of Bill:   Persons wanting to transition from 
            conventional to organic farming face a number of financial 
            challenges.  The most predominant is the three-year "wash-out" 
            period where farms must operate in organic fashion (i.e. sans 
            conventional fertilizers, pesticides, medicines) but are not 
            allowed organic certification or organic labeling, which 
            typically would recoup the higher cost of organic production.  
            In addition, once the farm is eligible to receive organic 
            certification, the farm must pay fees to obtain organic 
            certification.  The author voices concern that these financial 
            challenges discourage many farmers from converting to organic 
            practices.
              
          2.This bill reduces the cost (25%) of organic certification for 
            farms transitioning from conventional to organic farming 
            systems within their first year of certification, if initial 
            organic certification is granted on or after January 1, 2013.  
            A new program is established to carry out this goal and is 
            funded through voluntary donation of moneys from industry and 
            citizen sources, but may also include contributions from other 
            state agencies.  No General Funds shall be used. 





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           3.Existing Federal Support  :  The National Organic Certification 
            Cost Share Program annually reimburses organically certified 
            operations for 75% of the costs of organic certification, not 
            to exceed $750.  This program does not differentiate between 
            existing and newly converted organic farms, and Cost Share 
            applications are processed on a first-come, first-served 
            basis. According to a USDA FY 2011 report, CDFA received $1 
            million to operate the Cost Share program.  All applicants 
            (1,475) within California received reimbursements on an 
            average of $625 each.   

           4.Dovetailing  :  The proposed state legislation would dovetail 
            the current federal organic program and when combined would 
            reimburse 100% (maximum $1,000) of the fees associated with 
            organic certification for conventional farms newly certified 
            as organic for the first year of operation.  The author of 
            this bill is concerned that if federal moneys run out, new 
            organic farms will only be reimbursed for 25% of their 
            certification costs; however, the author recognizes that this 
            bill could be amended in future years to increase the 
            percentage of costs covered by the state program.

           5.Funding  :  According to the author, this bill ensures that any 
            additional administrative costs incurred by CDFA will be 
            covered by moneys from this Fund, and in the event that there 
            are not enough moneys in the Fund to provide for these 
            additional costs, CDFA will simply not disburse any moneys.  

            The committee may wish to consider the vitality of this 
            program when, to date, a specific source of funding has not 
            been named or identified.  The committee may also wish to 
            consider if the $250 reimbursement is a strong enough 
            incentive to overcome the financial burden of the three-year 
            transition to organic farming techniques.




           RELATED LEGISLATION:
           
          AB 1401 (Ma) of 2009.  Vetoed by Governor.  Nearly identical to 
          the present bill, with few technical amendments.  

          Governor Schwarzenegger's veto message stated: "While I support 
          the author's goal to assist individuals converting to organic 
          farming, I cannot support establishing an assistance program and 





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          expanding the workload of the California Department of Food and 
          Agriculture when there is no guarantee of a funding mechanism."


           PRIOR ACTIONS:
           
          Assembly Floor 52-19
          Assembly Appropriations12-4
          Assembly Agriculture  9-0


           SUPPORT:
           
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, 
          AFL-CIO
          California State Grange
          Sierra Club California


           OPPOSITION:
           
          None received