BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �





                                                                  AB 1625

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          GOVERNOR'S VETO
          AB 1625 (Allen)
          As Amended  August 21, 2012
          2/3 vote
           
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |52-19|(May 3, 2012)   |SENATE: |31-7 |(August 27,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2012)          |
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |57-22|(August 29,     |        |     |               |
          |           |     |2012)           |        |     |               |
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           Original Committee Reference:    AGRI.
           
           SUMMARY  :  Creates the "Transition to Organic Act" (Act) fund and 
          program, to financially assist farmers who have transitioned 
          from conventional farming practices to certified organic farming 
          practices that are registered with the California Department of 
          Food and Agriculture (CDFA), with the first year of 
          certification costs; provides definitions for "conventional 
          farm" and "person;" creates a fund and source of funds, while 
          prohibiting any state general funds; authorizes regulations be 
          created for implementing the Act; and, makes related qualifiers 
          for the Act.

           The Senate amendments  add "foundations" to the definition of 
          "person" and a co-author; and, make a technical correction to 
          the definition of a "Conventional farm."

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was substantially similar 
          to the version passed by the Senate.

           EXISTING STATE LAW  established the state organic program in 1990 
          for the purpose of protecting the consumers, producers, 
          handlers, processors and retailers by the establishment of 
          standards under which fresh agricultural products and foods may 










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          be labeled and sold as "organic."  It provides definitions, 
          enforcement, program procedures, an advisory board, inspections, 
          penalties, a certification process, fees, and regulations.  
          Enforcement activities are coordinated with the Advisory 
          Committee, the National Organic Program (NOP) within the United 
          States Department of Agriculture, and the California County 
          Agricultural Commissioners.  The scope of the Act was expanded 
          in 1992 to include seed fiber, and horticultural products sold 
          or labeled as organic.  In 2002, it was amended to conform to 
          NOP and renamed California Organic Products Act (COPA).

          Current statutes provide that the Secretary of the CDFA may, in 
          lieu of prosecution, levy a civil penalty per violation of up to 
          $5,000, as specified.  Further, if it is found that the 
          violation was not intentional, the penalty shall not exceed 
          $2,500 per violation; statutes provide for due process.

           EXISTING FEDERAL LAW  provides for the establishment of 
          regulations of food for humans, food for pets, livestock feed 
          and raw agricultural products when using, on a principal display 
          panel (label), the word "organic."  The enabling NOP regulations 
          were finalized and adopted in December 2001 under the 
          authorization of the federal Organic Foods Product Act, which 
          was created in 1990.  Regulations provide definitions, 
          enforcement procedures, registration fees for certification and 
          procedures, requirements for becoming a certifier, and listing 
          of allowed and prohibited substances that are annually updated.  
          The federal Organic Certification Cost-Share program provides up 
          to 75% of the certification cost, up to a maximum of $750.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations 
          Committee, cost are unknown,  likely minor costs annually to the 
          Transition to Organics Fund for CDFA to administer the Act, plus 
          an estimated $25,000 annually to the Transition to Organics Fund 
          for 100 applications for assistance.
            
           COMMENTS  :  Transition from conventional to organic farming 
          creates many challenges; it takes at least three years to become 
          certified organic.  Organic or transitioning farmers cannot use 
          synthetic fertilizers and can only use approved pesticides, and 
          such products are often more expensive and less familiar to the 










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          farmer.  During this time, the farmer must comply with organic 
          growing requirements but cannot sell products as organic.  The 
          author states that these financial challenges discourage many 
          farmers from converting to organic practices.  It is estimated 
          that California has 22% of the nation's certified organic 
          growers.

          Currently, CDFA has an agreement with NOP to administer the 
          federal cost-share program, which can provide to organic 
          farmers, processors and handlers who are eligible, up to 75% or 
          a maximum of $750 of their costs to be certified as organic per 
          year.  CDFA receives $1 million annually to operate the federal 
          program.  Last fiscal year they sent cost-share applications to 
          3,276 organic registrants; 1,481 responded (45%) and 1,475 
          received reimbursements totaling $925,027.68 for an average of 
          $625 each.  Six applicants did not have operations within 
          California and were redirected to the appropriate state in which 
          they were located.  This bill proposes to create a similar 
          program to the federal cost-share program to encourage farmers 
          interested in transitioning to organic practices and provide an 
          economic incentive once they have reached certification status.  


          The federal cost-share program has annual caps, but no lifetime 
          caps, for applicants to receive reimbursement.  This subsidy can 
          be requested year after year as long as the funds continue to be 
          appropriated in the federal budget.  As written, this bill will 
          only allow reimbursement of certification costs, up to 25%, for 
          the first year of certification, limiting the funding needs of 
          the program.

           Previous legislation  :  AB 1401 (Ma) of 2009, vetoed by the 
          Governor, created the "Transition to Organics Fund" and the 
          "Transition to Organics Act," to assist farmers who are 
          transitioning from conventional farming practices to certified 
          organic practices, and provided specified definitions and 
          related authority to operate the program.  Governor 
          Schwarzenegger's veto message stated:  "While I support the 
          author's goal to assist individuals converting to organic 
          farming, I cannot support establishing an assistance program and 
          expanding the workload of the California Department of Food and 










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          Agriculture when there is no guarantee of a funding mechanism."
           
          GOVERNOR'S VETO MESSAGE  :

          "This bill would establish a fund to assist persons who are 
          transitioning conventional farms to certified organic farms, by 
          subsidizing their organic certification costs not to exceed $250 
          per farm or $1000 per person.

          "I would prefer to see a nongovernmental entity take the lead in 
          this matter, especially given our current fiscal uncertainties."


           Analysis Prepared by :    Jim Collin / AGRI. / (916) 319-2084


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