BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: ab 1657
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  wieckowski
                                                         VERSION: 3/22/12
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  June 26, 2012



          SUBJECT:

          Traffic violations:  penalty assessment for spinal cord injury 
          research

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill imposes a $1 assessment upon every conviction for a 
          violation of any rule of the road and directs the funds to the 
          University of California's spinal cord injury research programs.

          ANALYSIS:

          Current law permits the University of California, upon a 
          resolution of the regents, to establish the Roman Reed Spinal 
          Cord Injury Research Fund and expend public and private funds 
          that it receives solely for spinal cord injury research programs 
          and grants as well as for the costs of peer review and grant 
          administration.

          Pursuant to a 2010 budget trailer bill, SB 857 (Committee on 
          Budget and Fiscal Review), Chapter 720, the Judicial Council has 
          convened a Court-Ordered Debt Task Force to identify and 
          evaluate the fees, fines, forfeitures, penalties, and 
          assessments currently in place.  Final recommendations may be 
          available this summer.  

           This bill  imposes a $1 assessment upon every conviction for a 
          violation of any rule of the road contained in the Vehicle Code, 
          or a violation of any rule of the road contained in a local 
          ordinance adopted pursuant to the Vehicle Code, except offenses 
          relating to parking.  Upon appropriation by the Legislature, the 
          bill directs these funds, minus the actual, reasonable, and 
          necessary county costs of collection, to the Roman Reed Spinal 
          Cord Injury Research Fund.  
          
          COMMENTS:





          AB 1657 (WIECKOWSKI)                                   Page 2

                                                                       


           1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, California is 
            home to approximately 650,000 people living with paralysis, 
            and this number is increasing steadily.  Health care costs and 
            lost income potential associated with spinal injuries cost the 
            State of California upwards of $1 billion per year.  Promising 
            research-driven therapies currently underway, however, could 
            greatly improve the quality of life and functionality of 
            individuals with spinal cord injuries and offset a significant 
            portion of these state costs.  

            Between 2000 and 2009, $15.1 million in state contributions to 
            the Roman Reed Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund leveraged $63 
            million in non-state funds to finance 129 research projects.  
            Unfortunately, the current fiscal condition of the state has 
            all but eliminated the original General Fund support for the 
            program.  To continue receiving matching funds and provide 
            extensive research, a new funding source is necessary.  
            Because motor vehicle accidents cause nearly 46% of all 
            reported spinal cord injury cases and 56% of cases in 
            children, the author believes vehicle assessments are an 
            appropriate source.  

           2.Background on the Roman Reed Spinal Cord Injury Program  .  The 
            Reeve-Irvine Research Center (Center) at UC Irvine administers 
            the Roman Reed Spinal Cord Injury Program.  The program has 
            two components:  1) a core laboratory on the Irvine Campus 
            that allows for the rapid translation of ideas into research 
            by making it possible for any scientist with a novel idea to 
            undertake experiments in a state-of-the-art facility with 
            well-developed animal models; and 2) a grant program to launch 
            unique, creative research projects by scientists throughout 
            California and forums bringing grant recipients together to 
            share their work.

            A report the Center produced does not describe breakthroughs 
            developed to date that have significantly increased 
            independence for persons with spinal cord injuries or reduced 
            state health expenditures but also states that the laboratory 
            and grant program "are expanding the number of scientists 
            working on spinal cord injury research, which will accelerate 
            progress towards treatments."  

            Ron Reed, the father of Roman Reed, states that a grant from 
            the Center made possible the research that first resulted in 
            rats with modeled spinal cord injuries being able to walk 
            again.  He also cites advances such as cost-saving new methods 




          AB 1657 (WIECKOWSKI)                                   Page 3

                                                                       


            of rehabilitation using robotics, a helmet which reads brain 
            waves so a paralyzed person can control a computer, an 
            electronic bridge to surpass the wound injury scar, and a way 
            to reduce the injury itself by modifying the body's immune 
            reaction. 
           
          3.Current assessments  .  Current law imposes the following 
            penalty assessments and fees on the base fine for any traffic 
            offense:

            State assessment:                  $10 for every $10
            State surcharge:                   20% surcharge
            Court operations assessment:       $40 per offense
            Court construction assessment:     $5 for every $10
            Conviction assessment:             $35 per infraction
            County assessment:                 $7 for every $10
            Emergency medical services assessment:$2 for every $10
            DNA identification assessment:     $4 for every $10
            Emergency air ambulance assessment:$4 per offense
            Traffic violator school monitoring fee:$52 per offense if 
            eligible for traffic school

            As a result, a common $35 base fine becomes a $233 penalty, 
            and possibly a $285 penalty if the violator is eligible for 
            traffic school.  A $100 base fine becomes a $479 or $531 
            penalty.  Persons who cannot pay penalties may not be able to 
            re-register their vehicle and therefore lose access to a 
            vehicle.  While the assessment added by this bill is small, 
            the committee may wish to consider whether it is advisable to 
            increase penalties further, especially while the Judicial 
            Council is evaluating current assessments.   

           4.Special treatment  ?  Traffic accidents result in many types of 
            injuries.  This bill, however, provides funding to research 
            treatments or cures for only one type of injury, namely spinal 
            cord injuries.  The committee may wish to consider why persons 
            with spinal cord injuries should receive a higher priority 
            than persons with other types of injuries or whether a 
            research program for the treatment and cure of motor vehicle 
            injuries more generally is more appropriate.  In this light, 
            it may be worth noting that the Roman Reed Spinal Cord Injury 
            Research Fund received roughly $1.5 million per year in 
            General Fund support in better times, and this bill would 
            generate roughly $14 million per year, a 930% increase in 
            annual state funding.   





          AB 1657 (WIECKOWSKI)                                   Page 4

                                                                       


           5.Arguments in opposition  .  Opponents argue that assessments 
            have increased exponentially and today fund a plethora of 
            programs unrelated to traffic safety.  They question the nexus 
            between spinal cord injury and all of the crimes to which the 
            $1 assessment would attach, and they point out that there are 
            many causes of spinal cord injury and that the bill requires 
            only motorists to shoulder the burden of funding research.  In 
            addition, the California Catholic Conference believes that 
            this bill will divert enhanced traffic fine penalties to the 
            funding of immoral and scientifically unproven embryonic stem 
            cell research.

          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:                            46-24
               Appr:      12-5
               Health:                           10-6
               Public Safety:                      4-2

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on 
          Wednesday,                                             June 20, 
          2012)

               SUPPORT:  Boston Scientific
                         California Healthcare Institute
                         California Hepatitis C Task Force
                         Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsome
                         StemCyte
                         University of California
                         18 individuals
          
               OPPOSED:  Automobile Club of Southern California
                         California Catholic Conference
                         California Public Defenders Association