BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: ab 1672
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  torres
                                                         VERSION: 6/19/12
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  Yes
          Hearing date:  June 26, 2012



          SUBJECT:

          Housing-Related Parks Program

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill makes a number of changes to the Housing-Related Parks 
          Program.

          ANALYSIS:

          In November 2006, California voters approved Proposition 1C, the 
          $2.85 billion Housing and Emergency Shelter Trust Fund Act of 
          2006.  Among other things, Proposition 1C included $200 million 
          for "housing-related parks grants in urban, suburban, and rural 
          areas, subject to the conditions and criteria that the 
          Legislature may provide in statute."  

          AB 2494 (Caballero), Chapter 641, Statutes of 2008, created the 
          program for the expenditure of these funds, named it the 
          Housing-Related Parks Program (HRPP), and assigned 
          administration of the program to the Department of Housing and 
          Community Development (HCD) in conjunction with the Department 
          of Parks and Recreation (DPR).  The purpose of the HRPP is to 
          reward cities and counties that have permitted new housing units 
          affordable to very low- or low-income households on which 
          construction has started with grants for the creation, 
          development, or rehabilitation of park and recreation 
          facilities, including land acquisition.  To be eligible for an 
          HRPP grant, a city and county must meet all of the following 
          conditions:

           Have an HCD-approved housing element and have submitted its 
            annual housing element progress report within the previous 12 
            months.
           Document a housing start within the program year for a housing 
            unit that is affordable to very low- or low-income households. 
             Qualifying rental units must be subject to covenants ensuring 




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            affordability for 55 years.  Qualifying ownership units must 
            be affordable at initial sale and, if subsidized with public 
            funds, subject to affordability restrictions established by 
            HCD that, at a minimum, require that public funds be returned 
            and reused for a period of at least 20 years.

          Current law further requires that HCD establish base awards on a 
          per-bedroom basis for each affordable unit, with the grant for 
          very-low income units being greater than the grant for 
          low-income units.  HCD has set the base award at $500 per 
          bedroom for a low-income unit and $750 per bedroom for a very 
          low-income unit.  Current law further requires HCD to award 
          bonus funds to cities and counties for all of the following, 
          with the amount HCD awards in parentheses:

           Units affordable to extremely low-income households. ($250 per 
            bedroom)
           Units in infill projects. ($250 per bedroom)
           The city or county has exceeded overall housing production 
            thresholds established by HCD.  ($50 per low-income bedroom, 
            $75 per very-low income bedroom)
           The city or county commits to spending the funds in an area 
            that meets the definition of a park deficient community.  
            ($100 per bedroom)
           The city or county commits to spending the funds on a new or 
            improved park or community recreational facility that serves a 
            disadvantaged community.  ($100 per bedroom)
           The city or county commits to spending the funds on a facility 
            that supports infill development.  ($100 per bedroom)
           The city or county has conformed its general plan to the 
            regional blueprint.  ($100 per bedroom)  

          HRPP is not a competitive program.  It is more like an 
          entitlement.  Cities and counties that meet the criteria are 
          guaranteed a funding award.  If more jurisdictions qualify for 
          grants than there are funds available, HCD pro-rates the grant 
          awards.  While HCD awards funds based on housing starts, current 
          law requires that it disburse funds only upon documentation of a 
          city or county certificate of occupancy or final inspection 
          after construction is complete.  In order to avoid small grants, 
          a city or county must qualify for at least $75,000 worth of 
          funding in order to receive a grant.  If a city or county does 
          not meet that threshold, it may count its housing starts from 
          that program's years towards the next year's application.

          To date, HCD has made awards for housing units started in the 




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          2010 calendar year and expects to make awards for housing units 
          started in the 2011 calendar year very soon.  HCD and the 
          Legislature anticipated that HCD would make roughly $25 million 
          in awards per year.  Largely due to the slowdown in housing 
          construction generally and the decrease in funding available to 
          finance affordable housing development specifically, however, 
          awards have significantly lagged this expectation.  In HRPP's 
          first year, HCD awarded only $8.8 million.  HCD is likely to 
          award $11.3 million for calendar year 2011.  

           This bill  makes a number of changes to the Housing-Related Parks 
          Program, as follows:

           Allows cities and counties also to obtain awards for acquired, 
            substantially rehabilitated, and preserved affordable housing 
            units for which the city or county has committed financial 
            assistance, as those terms are defined in housing element law, 
            except that the city or county may have committed assistance 
            at any time during the housing element period.
           Grants awards for new housing based on building permits issued 
            rather than housing starts.
           Requires a city or county to have submitted its annual housing 
            element progress report for the preceding calendar year, as 
            opposed a report within the preceding 12 months.
           Repeals the prohibition on HCD disbursing funds prior to 
            receiving documentation of a city or county certificate of 
            occupancy or final inspection.
           Requires HCD to grant a "substantial" bonus for the following: 
             

                 New affordable housing units.
                 The city or county commiting to spending the funds in an 
               area that meets the definition of a park-deficient 
               community. 
                 The city or county commiting to spending the funds on a 
               new or improved park or community recreational facility 
               that serves a disadvantaged community.  


           Requires HCD to grant a regular bonus for the following:  

                 Units affordable to extremely low-income households.
                 Units in infill projects.
                 The city or county has exceeded overall housing 
               production thresholds established by HCD.  
                 The city or county commiting to spending the funds on a 




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               facility that supports infill development. 
                 The city or county conforming its general plan to the 
               regional blueprint. 

           COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose of the bill  .  The author introduced this bill to 
            simplify the application process for HRPP, to enable 
            jurisdictions to receive their grant funds sooner, to allow 
            awards for the acquisition, rehabilitation, and preservation 
            of affordable housing, as opposed to just new construction, 
            and to increase incentives for local governments to spend 
            award funds in park-deficient and disadvantaged neighborhoods. 
             

            Under current law, HCD makes HRPP awards based on the number 
            of housing starts in a city or county in a given year.  The 
            HRPP statute defines a housing start to mean that the local 
            government has issued a completed foundation inspection.  
            Unfortunately, there is little consistency in documenting 
            foundation inspections across jurisdictions, which has left 
            some jurisdictions unsure how to document their eligibility or 
            confused as to whether they even are eligible for HRPP funds.  
            In addition, some types of construction, such as podium 
            structures, do not involve a foundation inspection.  This bill 
            replaces housing starts with building permits, which all 
            cities and counties already issue and track, as the way to 
            document HRPP eligibility.  

            This bill also eliminates a requirement that HCD not disburse 
            funds to local governments until they issue certificates of 
            occupancy for the units that qualified them for the HRPP 
            award.  Generally an 18-month lag occurs between the time a 
            city or county issues a building permit and the time units are 
            completed, which means that local governments must wait a 
            substantial amount of time between receiving an award and 
            actually getting the money.  While the intent of the 
            requirement is to ensure that the units that qualify a 
            jurisdiction for an award actually get built, it is extremely 
            rare for an affordable housing project not to proceed through 
            the construction process once the city or county has issued 
            building permits.  In addition, given that the HRPP is 
            intended to reward local governments for approving affordable 
            housing, it does not necessarily make sense to rescind an 
            award in the event that a project fails to proceed despite 
            having received all necessary local approvals. 




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            The author is also concerned that HRPP park grants have not 
            necessarily gone to those communities that are most in need of 
            park facilities.  Although the law allows for HCD to award 
            bonus funds to cities and counties that meet the definition of 
            park deficiency, HCD has given that criterion the lowest 
            amount of bonus funds.  In an effort to steer more of the 
            funding to disadvantaged and park-deficient communities, this 
            bill requires that HCD award substantial bonus funds to cities 
            and counties that commit to spending the funds in a 
            park-deficient or disadvantaged neighborhood.  

           2.Moving money vs. creating incentives  .  Originally envisioned 
            as a $25 million per year program, HRPP will award less than 
            $25 million over its first two years for the reasons stated 
            above.  One general goal of this bill is to increase the 
            amount of money getting out the door for park development.  
            There are two possible ways to achieve this goal:  1) 
            expanding eligibility criteria so that more cities and 
            counties are eligible for awards, and 2) increasing awards for 
            currently eligible activities.  The author has chosen the 
            former route by allowing cities and counties to qualify for 
            funding by committing financial assistance to the acquisition, 
            substantial rehabilitation, or preservation of affordable 
            housing units.   

            While rewarding any city and county efforts to increase the 
            stock of affordable housing is laudable, the HRPP was 
            originally intended to help overcome the frequent 
            not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) opposition to new affordable 
            housing developments.  Acquisition, substantial 
            rehabilitation, and preservation projects, on the other hand, 
            generally do not face NIMBY opposition because they involve 
            existing buildings and usually do not require discretionary 
            land use approvals.  HRPP awards are unlikely to influence 
            city and county decisions regarding these types of projects, 
            but if HRPP rewards cities and counties for these projects, 
            fewer funds will be available to incentivize cities and 
            counties to approve new developments that often do face NIMBY 
            hurdles.  The author has sought to balance these interests by 
            requiring HCD to award substantial bonus funds for new 
            construction projects.  The committee may wish to consider 
            whether rewarding cities and counties for approving relatively 
            non-controversial projects is a better approach than 
            increasing award amounts for more controversial new 
            development or than maintaining the current program structure 




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            for a longer period of time.  
          
           3.Effect of bonus changes  .  In an attempt to funnel a greater 
            percentage of HRPP funds to parks in disadvantaged and 
            park-deficient neighborhoods, this bill increases the bonuses 
            for a city's or county's commitment to spend HRPP funds in 
            such areas and decreases the relative bonuses for infill 
            projects, reaching deeper housing affordability, and meeting 
            overall housing goals.  As a practical matter, this will 
            likely require HCD to flip some of its current bonuses.  The 
            bonuses for infill housing and extremely low-income units that 
            are currently at $250 per bedroom are likely to become $100 
            per bedroom, and the bonuses for serving disadvantaged and 
            park-deficient neighborhoods that are currently at $100 per 
            bedroom are likely to become $250 per bedroom.  The committee 
            may wish to consider what city or county decisions should 
            receive the highest bonuses.  
          
          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:                            50-26
               Appr:     12-5
               WP&W:   9-3
               H&CD:       4-2

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on 
          Wednesday, 
                     June 20, 2012)

               SUPPORT:  Housing California
                         League of California Cities
          
               OPPOSED:  None received.