BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1731 (Block)
          As Amended  May 25, 2012
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              15-4        APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
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          |Ayes:|Monning, Ammiano, Atkins, |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Bonilla, Eng, Gordon,     |     |Bradford, Charles         |
          |     |Hayashi,                  |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |
          |     |Roger Hern�ndez, Bonnie   |     |Gatto, Ammiano, Hill,     |
          |     |Lowenthal, Mitchell,      |     |Lara, Mitchell, Solorio   |
          |     |Nestande, Pan,            |     |                          |
          |     |V. Manuel P�rez, Smyth,   |     |                          |
          |     |Williams                  |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Logue, Garrick, Mansoor,  |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly,         |
          |     |Silva                     |     |Nielsen, Norby, Wagner    |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Establishes the Newborn Critical Congenital Heart 
          Disease (CCHD) Screening Program and requires hospitals to offer 
          a pulse oximetry test for the identification of CCHD to parents 
          of newborns prior to discharge.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Applies the requirement to general acute care hospitals with 
            licensed perinatal services.  

          2)Requires the hospital to use protocols approved by the 
            Department of Health Care Services (DHCS).

          3)Requires DHCS to begin phasing in implementation of a 
            requirement to offer CCHD screening by hospitals on or after 
            July 1, 2013, and requires 100% participation rate by 2016.

          4)Requires hospitals to develop a screening program with the 
            following elements:

             a)   Competent CCHD screening;

             b)   Appropriate staff and equipment;









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             c)   Referral of infants with abnormal screening results for 
               appropriate care;

             d)   Reporting and maintenance of data as required; and,

             e)   Physician and family-parent education.

          5)Requires the pulse oximetry test to be performed by a licensed 
            physician, licensed registered nurse, or an appropriately 
            trained individual who is supervised by a licensed health care 
            professional. 

          6)Exempts a newborn if the parent or guardian objects on the 
            grounds that the test is in violation of his or her beliefs.

          7)Makes legislative findings and declarations regarding the 
            incidence of CCHD, current methods of detection, and pulse 
            oximetry. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee:

          1)One-time implementation costs of $75,000 (50% General Fund 
            (GF), 50% federal funds) to consult with stakeholders, develop 
            a phase-in plan, review research and guidance, and work with 
            relevant federal agencies.

          2)Minor one-time costs for training and process development, as 
            well as ongoing costs to University of California hospitals in 
            the range of $100,000 system-wide.  

          3)Additional costs that would be incurred, or saved, as a result 
            of this bill are not straightforward to estimate because the 
            extent to which screening is currently performed in hospitals 
            is not tracked.  Assuming half of all babies in California are 
            currently screened, the following effects are projected: 

             a)   $450,000 in increased Medi-Cal and Healthy Families 
               Program (HFP) cost pressure related to screening (49% GF, 
               51% federal funds) and follow-up care.  

             b)   Potential offsetting cost savings in the range of 
               $350,000 (49% GF, 51% federal funds) annually associated 
               with earlier detection of heart defects among Medi-Cal and 








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               HFP eligible babies.  

             c)   Uncertain, but potentially significant savings to 
               various health care and developmental services programs 
               from prevention of life-long disability related to earlier 
               diagnosis.

          4)Ongoing administrative costs to hospitals could range from 
            negligible up to several thousand dollars per hospital, 
            depending whether the hospital has initiated CCHD screening in 
            absence of this bill.

           COMMENTS  :  Congenital heart disease (CHD) involves defects of 
          the walls, valves, arteries, or veins of the heart and occurs in 
          seven to nine of every 1,000 live births in the United States.  
          According to the author, this bill is designed to ensure that 
          newborns are screened for CCHD, which is a subset of CHD.  This 
          bill accomplishes this purpose by requiring DHCS to establish 
          statewide screening of newborns by means of pulse oximetry 
          screening.  The author explains that pulse oximetry screening is 
          a test that occurs at the bedside and is a non-invasive test 
          that estimates the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is 
          saturated with oxygen.  The author argues that many newborn 
          lives could potentially be saved by earlier detection and 
          treatment of CCHD if hospitals were required to perform this 
          simple, noninvasive screening method.  Once identified, babies 
          with a CCHD can be seen by cardiologists and receive special 
          care and treatment to prevent death or disability.  According to 
          the CDC, certain hospitals routinely screen all newborns using 
          pulse oximetry screening.  However, currently it is not included 
          in most state newborn screening panels.  

          The Secretary of the federal Department of Health and Human 
          Services (HHS) Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in 
          Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) is charged with making 
          systematic evidence-based and peer-reviewed recommendations to 
          advise the HHS Secretary regarding the most appropriate 
          application of universal newborn screening tests, technologies, 
          policies, guidelines and standards for effectively reducing 
          morbidity and mortality in newborns and children having, or at 
          risk for, heritable disorders.  In 2010, the Secretary adopted 
          the SACHDNC's Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) as a 
          national standard for newborn screening programs and to 
          facilitate the adoption of the SACHDNC's RUSP by all state 








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          newborn screening programs.  RUSP included 29 core conditions 
          and 25 secondary conditions which are disorders that can be 
          detected in the differential diagnosis of a core disorder.  At 
          the same time, the Secretary adopted the recommendation to add 
          Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) as a core condition and 
          related T-cell lymphocycte deficiencies as a secondary condition 
          to RUSP.  California is in the process of adding the SCID 
          screening as directed by AB 695 (Pan), Chapter 461, Statutes of 
          2011, which will conform California's Newborn Screening Program 
          to the Secretary's recommendations.  On September 21, 2011, the 
          Secretary decided to adopt the SACHDNC recommendation to add 
          CCHD to RUSP.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Marjorie Swartz / HEALTH / (916) 
          319-2097      


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