BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                AB 1736
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        ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
        AB 1736 (Smyth)
        As Amended  March 29, 2012
        Majority vote 

         LOCAL GOVERNMENT    7-0                                          
         
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        |Ayes:|Smyth, Alejo, Bradford,   |     |                          |
        |     |Davis, Gordon, Knight,    |     |                          |
        |     |Norby                     |     |                          |
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         SUMMARY  :  Includes the Governor in the list of individuals and 
        agencies with which a legislative body may meet in closed session 
        pursuant to the 'public security' exemption of the state's open 
        meetings law.  Specifically,  this bill  :

        1)Includes the Governor in the list of individuals and agencies with 
          which, under the Ralph M. Brown Act (Brown Act), the legislative 
          body may meet in closed session on matters posing a threat to the 
          security of public buildings, services and facilities, and public 
          access thereto. 

        2)Revises the "safe harbor" agenda description related to meetings 
          closed to the public because of a threat to public services or 
          facilities to include meetings with the Governor.

        3)Makes legislative findings and declarations relative to the 
          public's right to have access to the meetings of public bodies and 
          the necessity of this bill to the health and safety of the people 
          of California.

        4)Makes other clarifying and non-substantive amendments. 

         EXISTING LAW  :

        1)Requires, under the Brown Act, each legislative body of a local 
          agency to provide the time and place for holding regular meetings 
          and requires that all meetings of a legislative body be open and 
          public and all persons be permitted to attend unless a closed 
          session is authorized. 

        2)Defines, for purposes of the Brown Act, a meeting to mean any 








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          congregation of a majority 
        of the members of a legislative body at the same time and location, 
          including teleconference, to hear, discuss, deliberate, or take 
          action on any item that is within the subject matter jurisdiction 
          of the legislative body.

        3)Requires, at least 72 hours before a regular meeting, the 
          legislative body of the local agency, or its designee, to post an 
          agenda containing a brief general description of each item of 
          business to be transacted or discussed at the meeting, including 
          items to be discussed in closed session.

        4)Authorizes a legislative body of a local agency to meet in closed 
          session for specified matters related to litigation, real estate 
          negotiations, personnel issues, labor negotiations, certain 
          disciplinary matters related to schools, grand jury testimony, 
          license applicants with criminal histories, multi-jurisdictional 
          drug cases, hospital peer reviews and related trade secrets, and 
          threats to public security.

        5)Authorizes the legislative body to hold closed sessions with the 
          Attorney General, district attorney, agency counsel, sheriff, or 
          chief of police, or their respective deputies, or a security 
          consultant or a security operations manager, on matters posing a 
          threat to the security of public buildings, a threat to the 
          security of essential public services, including water, drinking 
          water, wastewater treatment, natural gas service, and electric 
          service, or a threat to the public's right of access to public 
          services or public facilities.

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

         COMMENTS  :  This bill would expand the authority of legislative 
        bodies to conduct closed sessions under the 'public security' 
        exception to the Brown Act by adding the Governor to the list of 
        individuals and agencies with which the body may meet in closed 
        session to discuss matters posing a threat to public buildings, 
        services, utilities, or the public's right of access thereto.  This 
        bill is sponsored by the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.  

        The Brown Act generally requires the meetings of local governments' 
        legislative bodies to be "open and public," thereby ensuring 
        people's access to information so that they may retain control over 
        the public agencies that serve them.  The Brown Act applies to 








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        general law cities and counties as well as to charter cities and 
        counties.

        Pursuant to the Brown Act, private discussions among a majority of a 
        legislative body are prohibited, unless expressly authorized under 
        the Brown Act.  Closed session items must be briefly described on 
        the posted agenda and the description must state the specific 
        statutory exemption.  The agenda must include reference to the 
        authority for holding the closed session, and the body must make a 
        public announcement prior to the closed session discussion.  
        Following a closed session, the legislative body must provide an 
        oral or written report on certain actions taken and the vote of 
        every elected member present. 

        Legislative bodies are authorized to meet in closed sessions only 
        for specified reasons related to: litigation, real estate 
        negotiations, personnel issues, labor negotiations, certain 
        disciplinary matters related to schools, grand jury testimony, 
        license applicants with criminal histories, multi-jurisdictional 
        drug cases, hospital peer reviews and related trade secrets, and 
        threats to public security.

        The 'public security' exemption permits the legislative body to hold 
        closed sessions with "the Attorney General, district attorney, 
        agency counsel, sheriff, or chief of police, or their respective 
        deputies, or a security consultant or a security operations manager, 
        on matters posing a threat to the security of public buildings, a 
        threat to the security of essential public services, including 
        water, drinking water, wastewater treatment, natural gas service, 
        and electric service, or a threat to the public's right of access to 
        public services or public facilities."  This bill would add the 
        Governor to the list of individuals and agencies with which the body 
        may meet.

        The impetus for this bill arises out of a controversial September 
        26, 2011, closed session meeting between the Governor and the Los 
        Angeles County Board of Supervisors.  According to the Los Angeles 
        County District Attorney's Office, the Board met with "a number of 
        public officials from state and local agencies, including the 
        Governor of the State of California, in closed session?.to conduct 
        'a conference regarding potential threats to public services or 
        facilities' arising from the impact of AB 109, legislation that is 
        commonly referred to as 'realignment' of the criminal sentencing and 
        corrections system in California." 








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        Noting that the realignment matters were largely financial in 
        nature, the District Attorney's office found that the circumstances 
        of the meeting "lack the urgency and magnitude of a threat to public 
        access to services and facilities contemplated" by the Brown Act.  
        Accordingly, the "implementation of the realignment laws does not 
        constitute a potential threat to public services or facilities as 
        articulated by Government Code Section 54957.  Consequently, the 
        closed session conducted was simply not permissible by law."

        While this bill does not address all of the issues raised by the 
        District Attorney's office (namely, whether or not realignment was a 
        topic appropriately covered by the Brown Act's public security 
        exemption), it does fix the somewhat incongruous exclusion of the 
        Governor from the terms of the exemption.  In fact, the Governor's 
        office is deeply involved in matters of public security. 

        According to Article V, Section 7 of the California Constitution, 
        the Governor is Commander in Chief of the state militia.  In 
        practice, the Governor commands the California Military Department, 
        which includes the Office of the Adjutant General (the commander of 
        all California military forces and direct subordinate of the 
        Governor), the California National Guard, the California State 
        Military Reserve, the California Cadet Corps, and the Naval Militia. 
         The Governor may call the California National Guard to active duty 
        to execute the law, defend the state, or respond to civil 
        disturbance, emergency, or natural disaster.  The Governor is also 
        the official conduit of communication with the federal government, 
        and maintains relationships with the federal branches of the armed 
        services which have military bases in California. 

        Furthermore, the Governor's Office also directs the California 
        Emergency Management Agency (Cal EMA), which merged the duties, 
        powers, purposes, and responsibilities of the former Governor's 
        Office of Emergency Services with those of the Governor's Office of 
        Homeland Security.  Cal EMA is responsible for the coordination of 
        overall state agency response to major disasters in support of local 
        government.  Cal EMA is responsible for assuring the state's 
        readiness to respond to and recover from all hazards - natural, 
        manmade, and war-caused emergencies and disasters - and for 
        assisting local governments in their emergency preparedness, 
        response, recovery, and hazard mitigation efforts.

        A related piece of legislation, SB 1003 (Yee), would amend the Brown 








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        Act to specify that a district attorney or any interested person may 
        commence an action by mandamus, injunction, or declaratory relief to 
        determine whether the Brown Act applies to a local legislative 
        body's past actions, as well as threatened future actions.  SB 1003 
        is set to be heard in the Senate Governance and Finance Committee on 
        April 18, 2012.

        Support arguments:  This bill is necessary to fix a glaring omission 
        in current law that fails to include the State's Commander in Chief 
        in the conduct of closed meetings at the local level related to 
        matters of public security.

        Opposition arguments:  According to the American Federation of 
        State, County and Municipal Employees, "?the spirit of the Ralph M. 
        Brown Act should be followed to the fullest?Any meetings between the 
        Governor and a local legislative body should be conducted freely and 
        openly, without concealment from the public."
         

        Analysis Prepared by  :    Hank Dempsey / L. GOV. / (916) 319-3958 

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