BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                  SENATE BANKING & FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS COMMITTEE
                             Senator Juan Vargas, Chair


          AB 1745 (Torres)                        Hearing Date:  June 20, 
          2012  

          As Amended: June 11, 2012
          Fiscal:             No
          Urgency:       No
          

           SUMMARY    Would prohibit the recordation of a notice of sale, if 
          there is a pending, approved short sale, and would provide rules 
          that can be used by a mortgagee, beneficiary, or authorized 
          agent (i.e., a lender) to withdraw approval of a written short 
          sale, thus allowing a foreclosure to move forward. 
          
           DESCRIPTION
           
            1.  Would prohibit a mortgagee, trustee, beneficiary, or 
              authorized agent (i.e., a lender) from recording a notice of 
              sale, after providing written approval of a short sale to a 
              mortgagor or trustor (i.e., a borrower).  

           2.  Would authorize a mortgagee, beneficiary, or authorized 
              agent to withdraw approval for a short sale at any time 
              after the mortgagor or trustor fails to comply with a 
              condition of the written short sale agreement.

           3.  Would further require that withdrawal of short sale 
              approval to be made in writing to the mortgagor or trustor, 
              include an explanation of the reason or reasons for the 
              withdrawal, and state the date on which the withdrawal of 
              approval is effective, a date which must be at least three 
              days after the date on which the written withdrawal of 
              approval is provided to the mortgagor or trustor.  

           4.  Would clarify that the prohibition against recording a 
              notice of sale described in Number 1 above will not apply, 
              after written withdrawal of approval for a short sale is 
              provided to the mortgagor or trustor using the procedures 
              summarized immediately above, unless the mortgagee, 
              beneficiary, or authorized agent subsequently approves a new 
              short sale in writing.  





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           EXISTING LAW
           
            1.  Prescribes rules that govern the nonjudicial foreclosure 
              process in California (Civil Code Section 2924 et seq.).  A 
              layman's description of the portions of the process that are 
              relevant to this bill follows immediately below.  

               a.     The nonjudicial foreclosure process begins with the 
                 recordation of a notice of default by a mortgagee, trustee, 
                 beneficiary, or authorized agent.  The notice of default must 
                 be recorded in the county in which the property securing the 
                 defaulted loan is located, and must be mailed to specified 
                 persons with a financial interest in the property, including 
                 the property owner.  Existing law does not prescribe the 
                 minimum amount of time that must pass between a delinquency 
                 and the recordation of a notice of default, although notices 
                 of default are commonly recorded only after a borrower is at 
                 least 90 days delinquent on his or her mortgage loan.  

               A 2008 bill (SB 1137, Perata, Chapter 69, Statutes of 2008), 
                 whose provisions are scheduled to sunset on January 1, 2013, 
                 unless they are extended, modifies that process for loans 
                 originated between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2007, 
                 which are secured by single-family, owner-occupied 
                 residential real property.  On loans covered by SB 1137, 
                 mortgagees, beneficiaries, and authorized agents are required 
                 to attempt to contact property owners to discuss options for 
                 the owners to avoid foreclosure, before recording a notice of 
                 default.  Under SB 1137, a notice of default cannot be 
                 recorded until at least 30 days after the mortgagee, trustee, 
                 beneficiary, or authorized agent makes initial contact with a 
                 borrower, or satisfies specified due diligence requirements 
                 to make contact.  

               b.     At least three months must pass after recordation of a 
                 notice of default, before the mortgagee, trustee, 
                 beneficiary, or authorized agent may record a notice of sale. 
                  Notices of sale must be recorded in the county in which the 
                 property securing the defaulted loan is located, mailed to 
                 the property owner and other specified persons with a 
                 financial interest in the property, published in a newspaper 
                 of general circulation, and posted on the property that is 
                 the subject of the sale.

               c.     At least 20 days must pass after recordation of a notice 




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                 of sale, before a property may be sold.  However, sale dates 
                 may be, and often are, postponed.  Under existing law, a sale 
                 date may be postponed for any of the following reasons:  1) 
                 upon the order of any court of competent jurisdiction; 2) if 
                 stayed by operation of law; 3) by mutual agreement, whether 
                 oral or in writing, of any trustor and any beneficiary or any 
                 mortgagor and any mortgagee (i.e., by mutual agreement 
                 between a borrower and his or her lender); and/or 4) at the 
                 discretion of the trustee.  A new notice of sale must be 
                 recorded, if a postponement or postponements delay the sale 
                 for more than 365 days following the first scheduled sale 
                 date.

           COMMENTS

          1.  Purpose:   This bill is intended to prevent borrowers whose 
              lenders have approved them for short sales from being 
              foreclosed upon by their lenders while their approved short 
              sales are pending.   
           
           2.  Background and Discussion:   In recent years, several bills 
              have been introduced, which have attempted to address dual 
              tracking issues (e.g., instances in which a borrower 
              believes him or herself to be working constructively with 
              his or her lender on an alternative to foreclosure, only to 
              be surprised by a notice of sale or a knock on the door, 
              informing them that their lender has foreclosed).  

          This bill tackles one small piece of the dual-track issue, 
              albeit an important piece.  This bill sets up a simple 
              prohibition:  "Do not record a notice of sale, while there 
              is a pending short sale that has been approved in writing by 
              the lender."  Without a notice of sale, there can be no 
              legal foreclosure.

          The bill also sets up a mechanism by which a lender may withdraw 
              its approval of a short sale ("send the borrower a document 
              informing them of the reason or reasons you are withdrawing 
              your approval, and tell them the date on which your approval 
              will be withdrawn.  That date must be at least three days 
              after the date of the letter.")  This minimum three-day 
              window is intended to allow a homeowner or his/her real 
              estate agent to attempt to rectify whatever problem caused 
              approval of the short sale to be withdrawn.  

          Finally, this bill clarifies that if a short sale is approved, 




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              and approval is subsequently withdrawn, the lender may 
              proceed to record a notice of sale, unless the lender 
              provides the property owner with new, written short sale 
              approval.  

           3.  Enforcement:   This bill is silent on the actions a borrower 
              should take, if their lender violates the provisions of this 
              bill.  Enforcement of dual-tracking prohibitions has been an 
              extremely controversial issue within the Legislature in the 
              past, and this bill's author and sponsor have chosen to 
              remain silent on the topic, in hopes of minimizing 
              controversy.  

          Staff observes, however, that this silence does not deprive 
              borrowers of an enforcement remedy.  The existing remedy for 
              enforcing violations of Section 2924f involves a lawsuit by 
              the wronged party, seeking postponement of the sale to allow 
              for compliance by the party that committed the violation, or 
              seeking damages, as applicable.  No amendments are necessary 
              to allow these exiting remedies to be utilized by borrowers 
              seeking to enforce the provisions of this bill.

           4.  Summary of Arguments in Support:   This bill is sponsored by 
              the California Association of Realtors (CAR).  In its letter 
              of support, CAR observes that the provisions of AB 1745 are 
              straightforward and fair.  "If the bank has already approved 
              a short sale, it cannot pull the rug out from under the sale 
              while the escrow is waiting to close.  Unfortunately, this 
              situation occasionally occurs and the 'left hand' of the 
              foreclosure department forecloses on a property that the 
              'right hand' of the short sale department has already 
              approved for a short sale.  The bank always has the ultimate 
              decision on whether or not to approve a short sale 
              application.  Even if the bank has already approved the 
              short sale, AB 1745 empowers the bank to withdraw that 
              approval.  The bank only has to give the homeowner a reason 
              and three days' notice before restarting the foreclosure 
              sale."  

           5.  Summary of Arguments in Opposition:    None received.
               
          6.  Amendments:  

               a.     Although no amendments are suggested at this time, 
                 this bill is likely to require double-jointing amendments 
                 to prevent chaptering out problems with AB 1599 (Feuer).  




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                 Amendments may also be necessary to eliminate conflicts 
                 with the legislation that is reported out by the 
                 foreclosure conference committee, which is currently 
                 considering AB 278 and SB 900.
        
          7.  Prior and Related Legislation:   

               a.     SB 1470 (Leno et al.) and AB 1602 (Eng and Feuer), 
                 2011-12 Legislative Session:  Would, among their many 
                 provisions, prohibit a mortgagee, trustee, beneficiary, 
                 or authorized agent from recording a notice of default 
                 before evaluating a borrower who has submitted a loan 
                 modification application for that loan modification, and 
                 providing that borrower with a definitive response on 
                 their eligibility for that modification, as specified.  
                 Never taken up in the Senate Banking and Financial 
                 Institutions Committee or the Assembly Banking and 
                 Finance Committee.  Instead, these bills formed the basis 
                 for what is currently being considered by the foreclosure 
                 conference committee on AB 278 and SB 900.

               b.     SB 729 (Leno and Steinberg), 2011-12 Legislative 
                 Session and SB 1275 (Leno and Steinberg), 2009-10 
                 Legislative Session:  Both bills were extremely similar 
                 in their approaches to the dual-track issue.  Among their 
                 many requirements, these bills would have prohibited a 
                 mortgagee, trustee, beneficiary, or authorized agent from 
                 recording a notice of default before evaluating a 
                 borrower who had submitted a loan modification 
                 application for that loan modification, and providing 
                 that borrower with a definitive response on their 
                 eligibility for that modification, as specified.  SB 729 
                 failed passage in the Senate Banking and Financial 
                 Institutions Committee.  SB 1275 passed the Senate and 
                 failed passage on the Assembly Floor.


           LIST OF REGISTERED SUPPORT/OPPOSITION
          
          Support
           
          California Association of Realtors (sponsor)
           
          Opposition
               
          None received




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          Consultant: Eileen Newhall  (916) 651-4102