BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1791
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 16, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                  AB 1791 (Buchanan) - As Amended:  April 26, 2012 

          Policy Committee:                              Business and 
          Professions  Vote:                            5-1

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires bidders on state contracts to certify 
          compliance with computer software copyright laws. Specifically, 
          this bill:

          1)Requires that all state contracts include a provision 
            requiring the contractor to certify it has appropriate systems 
            and controls to ensure that its use of computer software 
            complies with applicable copyright laws.

          2)Requires that all contracts between state agencies and 
            contractors include a provision requiring the contractor to 
            certify it has appropriate systems and controls to ensure that 
            state funds will not be used for the acquisition, operation, 
            or maintenance of computer software in violation of copyright 
            laws.

          3)Provides that a certification per (1) or (2) shall not be 
            considered false to the extent a violation of copyright laws 
            arises from causes beyond the control and without the fault or 
            negligence of the contractor.

          4)Stipulates that the sole means of challenging a certification 
            made per (1) or (2) are the dispute provisions of the state 
            contract.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          One-time costs to DGS in excess of $1 million to establish terms 
          and conditions for all contracting agreements. In particular, 
          DGS notes that (1) above applies not just to private 








                                                                  AB 1791
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          contractors, but to interagency, University of California, 
          federal government and local government contracts with the 
          state. DGS indicates this process will involve vetting with all 
          these parties and the vendor community. 

          One-time costs to DGS exceeding $500,000 to define "appropriate 
          systems and controls" in regulations and to draft dispute 
          resolution language for use in state contracts. State 
          departments could incur costs to establish "appropriate systems 
          and controls" in order to conduct interagency agreements.

          DGS also identified multi-million dollar ongoing costs for bid 
          evaluation-to review prior to contract award that appropriate 
          systems and controls are in place-and for compliance monitoring 
          (auditing) of contractors. Arguably these costs would not be 
          necessary to a great extent if instead it is assumed that a 
          contractor's certification demonstrates compliance until 
          successfully challenged through the dispute resolution process. 
          DGS contends, however, that it would not prevail if an entity 
          sued the state for writ of mandate to "ensure" no state money 
          was used improperly in a contract. Regardless, the bill's 
          requirements are likely to lead to additional contract disputes, 
          with resulting costs related to that process and to contract 
          delays.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Background  . Pursuant to a 1999 Executive Order by Governor 
            Davis, DGS developed language for inclusion in state contracts 
            to prohibit the use of state funds for the acquisition, 
            operation or maintenance of computer software in violation of 
            copyright laws. This language is required in all state 
            contracts involving the purchase or utilization of computer 
            software in the performance of such contracts.  

           2)Purpose  . According to the author's office, "AB 1791 promotes 
            lawful computer use by state contractors and suppliers by 
            affirming that it is state policy that contractors and 
            suppliers use only lawful computer software in their business 
            operations and establishing contracting provisions to ensure 
            lawful software use.

            The bill essentially codifies the requirement embodied in the 
            1999 Executive Order, and adds a broader certification 
            requirement, i.e. that the contractor's entire use of computer 








                                                                  AB 1791
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            software, not just that associated with the state contract, 
            comply with copyright laws.

           3)In support  , the sponsor (Microsoft) states that "Theft of 
            computer software by businesses reduces the profitability of 
            California's IT industry and its ability to create jobs and 
            generate tax revenues for the State.  The State of California 
            procures billions in goods and services and awards hundreds of 
            contracts annually.  AB 1791 requires a small change in DGS 
            contracts that save thousands of California jobs.

            "AB 1791 would stimulate job growth in California's IT sector 
            by helping to combat one of the principal threats confronting 
            the industry, namely the widespread use of stolen software.  
            In a 2011 study, the Business Software Alliance reported that 
            an estimated 42% of the software used throughout the world in 
            2010 was stolen, with a commercial value of $59 billion.  
            These high rates of IT theft translate into fewer California 
            jobs, reduced tax revenues, and a slower economy recovery."

           4)Opposition  . In a joint letter of opposition, Apple, Cisco, 
            Dell, IBM, Google, HP, Motorola, Xerox, the Consumer 
            Electronics Retailers Association, and the California 
            Manufacturers and Technology Association contend the 
            certification in the bill is overbroad and cost prohibitive 
            and impractical for contractors. The opponents note that 
            technology contractors license hundreds of individual software 
            components and programs from third party developers, and that 
            even with extensive controls in place to comply with copyright 
            laws, "inadvertent mistakes and disputes can sometimes occur."

            Opponents argue that third-party software developers and 
            contractors have existing means to resolve licensing disputes 
            through contractual mechanisms or the courts, if necessary.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081