BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1850
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          Date of Hearing:  April 23, 2012

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                   AB 1850 (Calderon) - As Amended:  March 29, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :  Energy:  appliance efficiency

           SUMMARY  :  Makes various changes to the requirements relating to 
          the adoption of energy efficiency standards for appliances by 
          the California Energy Commission's (CEC).  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Requires CEC to adopt regulations describing the standards for 
            minimum levels of energy efficiency for appliances using a 
            significant amount of energy.  

          2)Establishes that CEC require the use of product labeling, not 
            preempted by federal law, in order to promote the use of 
            energy efficient appliances so long as it does not result in 
            added cost for consumers.  

          3)Authorizes CEC to adopt an administrative enforcement process, 
            including civil penalties, for violations of its appliance 
            efficiency standards.  

           THIS BILL  :

          1)Prohibits CEC from adopting appliance efficiency standards 
            unless it finds that less restrictive, non-regulatory, or 
            regulatory alternatives are not feasible.  Specifies that CEC 
            shall prescribe the standards only if it finds that these 
            standards do not harm employment, competition, consumer 
            choice, or product innovation and utility, and if the 
            standards do not "significantly" affect retail prices and do 
            not burden small- and medium-sized businesses, competition, 
            and interstate and intrastate commerce.  

          2)Specifies that the CEC may prescribe other cost-effective 
            measures if they are "technologically feasible," that are 
            "designed to minimize compliance burdens."  

          3)Specifies that efficiency standards go into effect not sooner 
            than two years (as opposed to one year in current law) after 








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            adoption or revision.  

          4)Requires that CEC determine the expertise, objectivity, and 
            independence of consultants retained for purposes of 
            developing the standards 

          5)States that when determining cost-effectiveness over the 
            life-cycle of an appliance for standards that become effective 
            on or after January 1, 2013, CEC shall use "interest rates 
            that are applicable to consumer financing and shall use the 
            average life of the product before replacement. 

          6)Requires CEC, before adopting standards for consumer 
            electronics and information technology equipment, to conduct 
            an additional analysis that evaluates the need and priority 
            for those standards, prioritizes standards with a payback of 
            three years or less, and takes into account whether or not 
            payback is measured under the applicable test procedures, the 
            energy use of those products, and their functions that 
            decrease energy use through activities such as Internet 
            commerce, online meetings, telework, and the use of smart grid 
            technology.  Requires CEC to makes specific findings that the 
            standards do not burden or adversely impact these functions or 
            activities.  

          7)In addition to sales information, requires CEC to treat 
            confidential or proprietary business information as 
            confidential and specifies that this information is not a 
            public record.  

          8)Requires CEC to "rely on the most current data available, and 
            wherever feasible, rely on data no older than one year prior 
            to the commencement of the formal rulemaking."  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  : 

           1)Background  :  The Warren-Alquist State Energy Resources 
            Conservation Act establishes that CEC adopt regulations 
            describing the standards for minimum levels of efficiency for 
            appliances that use a significant amount of energy or water.  
            These regulations include standards for both 
            federally-regulated appliances and non-federally-regulated 
            residential and commercial appliances including water heaters, 








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            clothes washers, dishwashers, traffic signals, lighting, and 
            heat and air conditioning systems to be sold in California.  
            Regulations adopted by CEC in this manner aim to achieve 
            significant energy savings state-wide that are feasible, 
            attainable, and do not result in added costs to the consumer 
            for the estimated lifetime of the regulated appliance.  

             Prior to January 1 of this year, CEC did not have the 
            authority to establish administrative civil penalties for 
            violations of appliance efficiency standards.  Chapter 591, 
            Statutes of 2011 (SB 454, Pavley) authorized CEC to establish 
            an administrative enforcement process.  A 2009 survey of 
            appliance efficiency standards compliance conducted by the 
            Heschong Mahone Group for CEC found that approximately half of 
            the appliances sold in California have not been properly 
            certified as meeting the standards.  

           2)This Bill  :  According to the author, "AB 1850 seeks to improve 
            the regulatory framework supporting energy efficiency with 
            respect to CEC and its focus on energy efficiency through 
            appliance efficiency standards.  CEC's authority regarding 
            appliance efficiency standards has not changed significantly 
            in more than 30 years, but the energy-using product and 
            equipment landscape certainly has."  The author states that 
            this bill provides "needed checks and balances, flexibility, 
            policy choice opportunities, and needed consideration of 
            economic impacts for today's competitive marketplace."  

           3)Arguments in Support  :  Supporters of this bill state that CEC 
            recently announced its intention to establish "additional and 
            questionable" standards for several product and equipment 
            categories, including game consoles, computers, servers, and 
            displays.  They go on to say, "as we work together to advance 
            energy efficiency, we must improve the appliance efficiency 
            standards process while avoiding additional, unnecessary 
            layers of regulation that hamper California businesses in a 
            challenging economy."  

           4)Arguments in Opposition  :  Opponents of this bill point out 
            that appliance efficiency standards can only be adopted after 
            they have undergone "an extensive public process and only if 
            they deliver demonstrable energy savings and pass strict cost 
            effectiveness tests.  These standards have saved Californians 
            nearly $30 billion since 1990."  They list four reasons for 
            their opposition:








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             a)   The bill shifts focus from standards to voluntary 
               programs.   

             b)   The bill requires CEC to use customer financing rates in 
               determining cost effectiveness, which assumes that 
               consumers purchase appliances on credit and pay credit card 
               interest rates.  This would "grossly inflate the 
               incremental cost of CEC's proposed energy saving 
               standards."  No other agency uses this method for 
               determining cost effectiveness.  

             c)   The bill doubles the time between adoption and effective 
               date for standards, from one year to two years.  

             d)   The bill directs CEC to give priority to products that 
               have a maximum allowable pay back of 3 years or less. 
               However, many large appliances with much longer useful 
               lives have the greatest potential for energy savings over 
               the life of the product.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Retailers Association
          Consumer Electronics Association
          Custom Electronic Design & Installation Association
          CTIA - The Wireless Association
          National Electrical Manufacturers Association
          Power Tool Institute
          Satellite Broadcasting & Communications Association
          Telecommunications Industry Association
          Toy Industry Association

           Opposition 
           
          American Lung Association in California
          Blue Green Alliance
          Breathe California
          Natural Resources Defense Council 
          Sierra Club California
          Seventh Generation Advisors
           









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          Analysis Prepared by  :  Elizabeth MacMillan / NAT. RES. / (916) 
          319-2092