BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1872
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          Date of Hearing:   April 10, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HUMAN SERVICES
                                Jim Beall Jr., Chair
                    AB 1872 (Alejo) - As Amended:  March 28, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :  Family day care homes:  nutrition

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes nutrition standards for family day care 
          homes.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)States legislative findings and declarations as follows:

             a)   Nearly 25% of children between 2 and 5 years of age in 
               California are overweight or obese and at risk of 
               developing chronic diseases that contribute to escalating 
               health costs.

             b)   Research demonstrates that:

               i)     Taste preferences and lifelong nutrition habits are 
                 formed in early childhood; and,

               ii)    The nutritional environment in child care facilities 
                 could be improved by encouraging appropriate portion size 
                 and a nutritionally balanced diet.

             c)   Recent changes to improve school nutrition should be 
               complemented with changes to the nutritional environment in 
               child care facilities.

             d)   More than 50% of nearly 50,000 licensed child care 
               centers and licensed family day care homes in California, 
               serving more than 500,000 children, do not participate in 
               the federal Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), 
               often because child care providers lack information about 
               this nutrition program.

             e)   Over 5,000 licensed child care centers and 5,000 
               licensed family day care homes do not receive available 
               CACFP reimbursements, at an overall loss in California of 
               tens of millions of dollars to these programs per year.

             f)   California has a strong policy and financial interest in 
               the licensed child care system and the safety of children 







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               in the system.

          2)Requires that, except as provided, a family day care home must 
            ensure that meals and snacks provided include, at a minimum, 
            the amount of food and the components that are specified in 
            the United States Department of Agriculture Child and Adult 
            Care Food Program (CACFP).

          3)Provides that the above CACFP standards do not apply:

             a)   If the child has a documented medical necessity that 
               includes the need for "medical food," to the extent 
               necessary to meet the child's medical needs; or,

             b)   To meals or snacks provided by a parent or legal 
               guardian for his or her child at a family day care home.

          4)Requires family day care homes, annually, to self-certify to 
            the Department of Social Services (DSS) whether the licensee 
            understands the nutrition standards required under this bill 
            and the home's progress toward compliance.

          5)Provides that DSS shall only review the status of compliance 
            with the requirements of this bill during regularly scheduled, 
            authorized monitoring inspections, and is not required to 
            conduct separate and independent visits.

          6)Requires that DSS, if it determines a family day care home is 
            noncompliant with the requirements of this bill to recommend 
            to the family day care home relevant nutrition information and 
            training. 

          7)Requires DSS to inform prospective and current providers about 
            the CACFP by posting information on its Internet Web site, and 
            by disseminating information by other means it deems 
            appropriate, which means may include, but are not limited to, 
            orientation materials, during regular inspections, and through 
            written communications to licensees.

          8)Provides that provisions under which willful or repeated 
            violations of the Child Day Care Facilities Act or 
            implementing rules and regulations constitute a misdemeanor 
            are not applicable to the provisions of this bill.

           EXISTING LAW  provides, under the Child Day Care Facilities Act, 







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          for the licensing and regulation of family day care homes by 
          DSS, Community Care Licensing Division.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to DSS statistics, as of March 6, 2012, 
          there are approximately 34,184 family day care homes in 
          California, with a capacity to serve 341,774 children.  

          In stating the need for this bill, the author says:

               Nearly 25% of children under the age of five are 
               overweight or obese.  These children have a higher 
               risk of developing chronic diseases like diabetes and 
               heart disease.  In California 37% of the children are 
               enrolled in child care centers and thousands more 
               spend time in family day care homes.  The child care 
               environment represents a great opportunity to promote 
               healthy eating and an arena to battle the obesity 
               epidemic.  This bill would be a step forward in our 
               state's effort to improve the nutrition quality of 
               meals served in the child care setting.  Additionally, 
               this bill would provide an opportunity for family day 
               care homes to get healthy food paid by an existing 
               federal program. 

          According to the author: 

               �M]ore than 50% of the nearly 50,000 licensed child 
               care centers and homes in California-serving over half 
               a million kids-don't participate �CACFP], a federal 
               nutrition program that provides reimbursement for 
               meals and snacks served that comply with the CACFP 
               meal pattern.  Often, child care providers don't 
               participate because of the lack of information about 
               the CACFP program and how to apply.   

          This bill would require family day care homes, with specified 
          exceptions, to follow the CACFP standards as a condition of 
          licensure.  It would also require licensing agencies to inform 
          family day care homes and child care centers about eligibility, 
          enrollment and reimbursement requirements under CACFP. 

          The author says that requiring family day care homes to follow 
          the CACFP meal pattern would not be burdensome.  He notes that 







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          the same requirement has been in force for decades for licensed 
          child care centers in California.  Moreover, the author points 
          out, other states, including Washington, Oregon, and Arizona, 
          require family day care homes to serve meals that comply with 
          the CACFP meal pattern.  "Parents should feel confident that 
          when they place their children in licensed child care-whether in 
          a center-based or home-based setting-the food served will be 
          nutritious."

          In support of this bill, the Community Child Care Council of 
          Santa Clara County (4C) notes that currently "no nutrition 
          standards exist for foods served in licensed family day care 
          homes in California.  By contrast, for decades, licensed child 
          care centers in California have been required to follow the 
          CACFP meal pattern."  4C says that "�i]nadequate information 
          about enrollment and eligibility and misconceptions about CACFP 
          administrative requirements are documented barriers to child 
          care providers' enrollment in the program."  This bill, 4C says, 
          "supports the development of healthy taste preferences and 
          habits at an early age and helps to alleviate adverse health 
          consequences down the road.

           Need for further clarification of enforcement provisions?   This 
          bill requires that family day care homes ensure that provided 
          meals meet specified nutritional standards.  It requires that 
          DSS review the status of compliance with this bill's 
          requirements and, if the home is out of compliance, recommend 
          relevant nutrition information and training.  It is unclear, 
          however, how DSS would evaluate compliance.  For example, 
          because care is provided in family homes, it may not be possible 
          to determine if the food provided to the children in day care 
          meets the nutritional standards.  Unlike a day care facility, 
          food provided for the children in a family day care home is not 
          necessarily distinguishable upon inspection from the food for 
          the family who reside in the home.  The refrigerator in a day 
          care facility would not be stocked with beer, for example; the 
          refrigerator in a family day care home, on the other hand, might 
          be.

           Prior legislation  :  AB 2084 (Brownley), Chapter 593, Statutes of 
          2010, requires a licensed child day care facility, as of January 
          1, 2012, to follow specified requirements relating to the 
          provision of beverages.

           RECOMMENDED TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS







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           Should this bill be passed by the Committee, the following 
          technical amendments should be made:

          On page 2, lines 16-21, amend (e) as follows:

               (e)  More than   Almost  50 percent of the  nearly   approximately  
               50,000 licensed child care centers and licensed family day 
               care homes in California, which serve more than 500,000 
               children, do not participate in the federal Child and Adult 
               Care Food Program (CAFP) often because child care providers 
               lack adequate information about this nutrition program.

          On page 2, line 22 through page 3, line 3, amend (f) as follows:

               (f) Child care centers and family day care homes may 
               receive up to $1,200 per child and $1,100 per child, 
               respectively, in federal CACFP reimbursements each year, 
               but over 5,000 licensed child care centers and  5,000   16,000  
               licensed family day care homes do not receive these much 
               needed reimbursements. ?

          Amend Section 1597.50(f), page 3, line 39 - page 4, line 8, as 
          follows:

               (f) For the purposes of improving nutrition in family day 
               care homes and child day care facilities  generally  and 
               increasing providers' capacity to serve healthy foods, the 
               department shall inform prospective and current providers 
               about the CACFP by posting information relating to 
               eligibility, enrollment, and reimbursement on the 
               department's Internet Web site, and by disseminating 
               information by other means deemed appropriate by the 
               department. ?

          Amend Section 1597(g), page 4, lines 9-12, as follows:

               (g) Sections  1596.56   1597.56  ,  1596.62   1597.62  , and 1596.890 
               shall not apply to this section. The compliance procedures 
               described in subdivision (e) shall supersede any other 
               compliance procedures required by this chapter.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           







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          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees 
          (AFSCME)
          American Heart Association 
          CA WIC Association
          California Food Policy Advocates
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          Child Care Food Program Roundtable
          Children Now
          Choices for Children
          Community Child Care Council of Santa Clara County (4C)
          Del Norte Child Care Council
          Family Child Care Council
          First 5 Shasta
          Imperial County Children and Families First Commission
          North Coast Opportunities, Inc.
          Options A Child Care and Human Services Agency
          Solano Family & Children's Services
          The Atkins Center for Weight and Health, UC Berkeley
          Valley Oak Children's Services

           Opposition 
           
          California Right to Life Committee
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Gelber / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089