BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                            2011-2012 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 1903
          AUTHOR:        Buchanan
          AMENDED:       May 2, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 20, 2012
          URGENCY:       Yes            CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Level 3 Developer Fees.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill, an urgency measure, temporarily suspends 
          provisions of current law that authorize school districts to 
          levy Level 3 developer fees if the State Allocation Board 
          (SAB) is no longer approving apportionments for new 
          construction due to a lack of funds available for that 
          purpose.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Under current law funding for new construction and 
          modernization of school facilities comes from both state and 
          local sources.  Current law establishes the School Facility 
          Program (SFP) under which the state provides general 
          obligation bond funding for various school construction 
          projects.  Local funding comes from a variety of sources 
          including local General Obligation bonds, Mello-Roos bonds 
          and developer fees.

          SB 50 (Green, Chapter, Statutes of 1998) in addition to 
          authorizing a $9.2 billion education bond, revised developer 
          fee procedures for school facility purposes.  SB 50 
          authorized three different levels of developer fees to be 
          assessed under specified conditions:

          1)   Level 1 - A district is authorized to levy per square 
               footage fees of $1.93 per square foot for residential 
               construction and $0.31 for commercial or   industrial 
               construction to be adjusted for inflation every two 
               years according to the class B construction index as 
               determined by the SAB at its annual January meeting.  
               This fee level is currently at $2.97 per square foot for 




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               residential construction, and is assessed if the 
               district conducts a Justification Study that establishes 
               the connection between the development coming into the 
               district and the assessment of fees to pay for the cost 
               of the facilities needed to house future students.  

          2)   Level 2 - A district may levy Level 2 fees if it has 
               conducted a needs analysis, as specified, has SAB 
               approval of eligibility for state funding and meets two 
               of the following four conditions:


                a)        The district has attempted to pass a local 
                    bond at least once during
                    the last four years and received approval by the 
                    voters of 50 percent plus one.

                b)        For a K-6 district, it has at least 30 
                    percent of its enrollment on a 
                    multi-track year round schedule (MTYRE).  For a 
                    high school district, it has at least 30 percent of 
                    its enrollment, or 40 percent of the K-12 students 
                    within the high school attendance area, in MTYRE 
                    schools.

                c)        The district has issued debt or incurred 
                    obligations for capital outlay 
                    equal to 15% of the district's local bonding 
                    capacity for indebtedness approved by voters before 
                    November 4, or 30% of capacity for indebtedness 
                    approved by voters after November 4, 1998.

                d)        Twenty percent of the teaching stations in 
                    the district are in 
                    re-locatable classrooms.

          3)   The fee may not exceed 50% of construction and site 
               acquisition and development costs.

          4)   Level 3 - A district is authorized to seek 100 percent 
               of school facilities costs if the state has exhausted 
               state school bond funds and the State Allocation Board 
               (SAB) is no longer approving apportionments for new 
               construction projects. (Government Code � 65995.5)

          Current law provides that state funds are not available if 




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          the State Allocation Board is no longer approving 
          apportionments for new construction due to a lack of funds 
          available for this purpose. (Government Code �65995.7)
           
          ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  temporarily suspends provisions of current law that 
          authorize school districts to levy Level 3 developer fees.  
          More specifically it:

          1)   Suspends the authority of school districts to impose 
               level 3 developer fees upon the bill's enactment and 
               until December 31, 2014, after which time Level 3 
               developer fees resume unless:

                    a)             A statewide school facilities bond 
                    passes prior to December 31, 2014, in which case 
                    Level 3 developer fees become operative upon 
                    certification of the election in which the bond was 
                    approved.

                    b)             By August 31, 2014, no statewide 
                    school facilities bond has been placed on the 
                    ballot for the November 14, 2014, general election, 
                    in which case Level 3 developer fees become 
                    operative on September 1, 2014.

          2)   Declares the bill to be an urgency statute.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, home 
               builders have been hit hard by the current recession and 
               home values have dropped dramatically.  The author 
               contends that industry experts predict that the 
               imposition of level 3 developer fees could bring the 
               already shaky new housing development industry to a 
               halt. According to the sponsors of the bill, the 
               California Building Industry Association, if this bill 
               is not enacted, the level of school fees associated with 
               the construction of a new home could double. This bill 
               ensures that homebuilders, and ultimately new 
               homebuyers, are protected until December 31, 2014, from 
               having to cover the state's portion of costs associated 
               with the construction of new school facilities.





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           2)   History  .  Cities and counties are generally charged with 
               responsibility for local land use decisions within their 
               respective jurisdictions.  Landowners apply to cities 
               and counties for authorizations to develop their 
               property.   Local officials must comply with the 
               California Environmental Quality Act to mitigate project 
               impacts, and subsequently set conditions, which may 
               include fees, to mitigate the effects of development as 
               a condition of approval.  

               In 1986, the Legislature enacted statutes that 
               authorized school districts to directly levy a fee on 
               new residential development at specified rates, adjusted 
               for inflation increases.  Beginning in 1988, a series of 
               appellate court decisions found that cities and counties 
               were not bound by these limitations and could consider 
               the adequacy of school facilities "legislative" land use 
               decisions such as general and specific plan adoptions 
               and amendments, and zoning changes.  Sometimes referred 
               to as the "Mira" cases, the actual case titles are Mira 
               Development Corp. v City of San Diego, (1988); William S 
               Hart Union High School District v Regional Planning 
               Commission, (1991); and Murrieta Valley Unified School 
               District v County of Riverside, (1991).

               In response, with the enactment of SB 50 (Greene, 1998), 
               a negotiated agreement between the development and 
               education communities and the State of California 
               resulted in the authorization of three different levels 
               of developer fees to be levied under specified 
               conditions and subject to specified calculations.  This 
               bill temporarily suspends the authority of school 
               districts to levy the highest fee level which school 
               districts are authorized to impose when the state is 
               unable to provide for a share of the costs of school 
               construction, thereby modifying an element of the 
               agreement reached in SB 50.   

           3)   Need for clarification  . As currently drafted, the bill 
               appears to create a condition which must be met in order 
               for level 3 developer fees to become operative again.  
               Consistent with the author's intent, the bill should be 
               amended to more clearly articulate the bill's intent, 
               that failure to place a bond before voters in November 
               2014, or the passage of a bond initiative in November 
               2014, would result in the statutes authorizing level 3 




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               developer fees becoming operative  sooner  than January 1, 
               2015. Staff recommends the bill be amended on Page 3, 
               lines 8 and 9, to delete "except upon either of the 
               following circumstances:" and insert "except that it may 
               become operative sooner in either of the following 
               circumstances:" 

           4)   Current status of bond funds  .  According to the April 
               2012 agenda of the State Allocation Board meeting, there 
               is $228.5 million in bond authority remaining in new 
               construction. It is unclear when bond authority for new 
               construction funds will be exhausted and level 3 
               developer fees triggered. 

           5)   Consistent with SAB activity  .  In February 2012, the 
               State Allocation Board considered the recommendations 
               from the State Allocation Board Subcommittee on New 
               Construction concerning the future of the School 
               Facility Program (SFP). The Sub-committee discussed and 
               made recommendations on several topics, including level 
               3 developer fees. The SAB subsequently adopted the 
               recommendation of the Sub-committee and voted to request 
               that the Legislature suspend the Level 3 developer fees 
               through December 31, 2014. 

           6)   Related budget activity  .  In his 2012-13 proposed 
               budget, the Governor proposed a shift of existing School 
               Facilities Program bond authority from the Overcrowding 
               Relief Grant Program to the New Construction program and 
               to regulate the allocation of new construction and 
               modernization funds to ensure continued construction of 
               new classrooms and modernization of
               existing classrooms.  The Governor indicated his intent 
               to delay local authority to impose a level 3 
               construction fee while continuing construction of new 
               classrooms using bond proceeds, fee revenues and local 
               funds.  

           7)   Prior legislation  .  Previous attempts to modify elements 
               of the agreement reached in SB 50 have included the 
               following:

               AB 2173 (Caballero, 2008) would have revised 
               requirements for assessing developer fees for the 
               construction of school facilities. AB 2173 was 
               ultimately vetoed by the Governor, whose message read:




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                    The historic delay in passing the 2008-2009 State 
                    Budget has forced me to prioritize the bills sent 
                    to my desk at the end of the year's legislative 
                    session.  Given the delay, I am only signing bills 
                    that are the highest priority for California.  This 
                    bill does not meet that standard and I cannot sign 
                    it at this time.

               AB 1716 (Torlakson, 2010) expanded the authority of a 
               governing board to reimburse the portion of the fees 
               triggered by Level 3 developer fees if the district 
               receives future state funds for the construction 
               projects for which the supplemental fees were provided 
               to additionally include any interest on the supplemental 
               amount accrued between the payment of the fees and 
               receipt of state funds, as determined by the school 
               district.  The hearing on this bill was postponed by, 
               and ultimately withdrawn from the committee.


           SUPPORT  

          California Building Industry Association
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          California Housing Consortium
          Contra Costa County Superintendents' Coalition

           OPPOSITION
           
          California Association of School Business Officials (CASBO)
          California School Boards Association
          California's Coalition for Adequate School Housing
          County School Facilities Consortium
          Irvine Unified School District
          Riverside County School Superintendents' Association (RCSSA)
          Salinas Union High School District
          San Francisco Unified School District
          Small School District Association
          Western Placer Unified School District