BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1963
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  May 7, 2012

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON REVENUE AND TAXATION
                                Henry T. Perea, Chair
                    AB 1963 (Huber) - As Amended:  April 25, 2012

          Majority vote.  
           
          SUBJECT  :  Personal Income Tax Law:  Sales and Use Tax Law:  
          Legislative Analyst's Office:  report

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) to 
          assess the changes to the Personal Income Tax (PIT) Law and the 
          Sales and Use Tax (SUT) Law proposed in the introduced version 
          of this bill (Introduced Proposal).  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires the LAO to make recommendations on both of the 
            following:

             a)   How the state could "diversify, in a revenue-neutral 
               manner, the tax revenue it would have received as a result 
               of" the Introduced Proposal, so that annual state tax 
               revenues are less subject to volatile fluctuations due to 
               economic upturns and downturns; and, 

             b)   The impact on state tax revenues of excluding the 
               following service categories from the service tax contained 
               in the Introduced Proposal:

               i)     Necessary medical services;

               ii)    Services related to education;

               iii)   Automotive repair services; 

               iv)    Tax preparation and filing services;

               v)     Licensed legal services;

               vi)    Services relating to agriculture and livestock; and, 


               vii)   Services relating to housing, real estate, and 
                 banking.  









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          2)Requires these recommendations to be issued in a report to the 
            Legislature on or before July 1, 2013.  

           EXISTING LAW  imposes:

          1)Taxes under the PIT Law based upon taxable income, at 
            specified rates, and allows a taxpayer to elect to take a 
            standard deduction, as provided.  

          2)A sales tax on retailers for the privilege of selling tangible 
            personal property (TPP), absent a specific exemption.  The tax 
            is based upon the retailer's gross receipts from TPP sales in 
            this state.  

          3)A complementary use tax on the storage, use, or other 
            consumption in this state of TPP purchased from any retailer.  
            The use tax is imposed on the purchaser, and unless the 
            purchaser pays the use tax to a retailer registered to collect 
            California's use tax, the purchaser remains liable for the 
            tax, unless the use is exempted.  The use tax is set at the 
            same rate as the state's sales tax and must generally be 
            remitted to the State Board of Equalization.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Committee staff estimates that this bill would 
          have no impact on General Fund revenues.  

           COMMENTS  :   

          1)The author has provided the following statement in support of 
            this bill:

               According to the Legislative Analyst's Office, the basic 
               elements of California's current state tax system were put 
               in place in the late 1920s and early 1930s.  With the 
               exception of Prop 13, California's tax system has remained 
               largely unchanged. 

               Approximately 80 percent of the state's own-source revenue 
               comes from three sources: the personal income tax (PIT), 
               the sales and use tax (SUT) and the corporation tax (CT), 
               with the largest source of �General Fund] dollars being 
               derived from the PIT. 

               As a result, the current tax system has failed to adapt to 
               a "21st Century" economy where services and E-commerce play 








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               a major role.  The �General Fund] has become heavily 
               dependent upon the PIT, which accounts for roughly 40 
               percent of all state revenues and one-half of General Fund 
               revenues.  This is problematic because most of the PIT is 
               generated by a relatively small number of taxpayers with 
               the highest incomes, thus making the PIT revenue stream 
               very volatile - producing huge surpluses in the good 
               economic times and huge deficits when the economy take�s] a 
               turn for the worse.

               AB 1963 seeks to examine what effect diversifying and 
               stabilizing the state's revenue stream would have on 
               stabilizing our manic tax revenue structure.  Specifically, 
               this bill requires the Legislative �Analyst's] Office to 
               (1) assess the tax reforms proposed by the introduced 
               version of AB 1963 (lowering the personal income tax, 
               lowering the sales tax and extending sales taxes to 
               services), (2) make recommendations on how the state could 
               diversify, in a revenue neutral manner, the tax revenue it 
               would have received as a result of those proposed tax 
               reforms so that annual state tax revenues are less subject 
               to volatile fluctuations due to economic upturns and 
               downturns and (3) make recommendations on the impact 
               exempting various services from the proposed sales tax on 
               services would have on state revenues. 

               By making the revenue stream more static, huge deficits can 
               be avoided in the future.  It would also alleviate some of 
               the temptation the future Legislatures may have to 
               significantly increase spending in good economic years.  By 
               avoiding extreme increases and decreases in revenue, 
               California would have a revenue trend that corresponds with 
               the state of the economy.  This ensures that private 
               vendors, schools, public safety groups, and various state 
               programs will be able to rely on more stable and 
               predictable budgets.

          2)Committee Staff Comments:

              a)   What does this bill do?  :  This bill would require the 
               LAO to assess the changes to both the PIT Law and the SUT 
               Law contained in the Introduced Proposal.  Specifically, 
               this bill would require the LAO to make recommendations on 
               "�h]ow the state could diversify, in a revenue-neutral 
               manner, the tax revenue it would have received as a result 








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               of" the Introduced Proposal, so that annual state tax 
               revenues are less volatile.  The LAO would also be required 
               to "make recommendations" on the state revenue impact of 
               excluding various service categories from the Introduced 
               Proposal's broad-based service tax.  Finally, the LAO would 
               have to issue these recommendations in a report to the 
               Legislature on or before July 1, 2013.  
              
             b)   The Introduced Proposal  :  The Introduced Proposal would 
               have modified the state's tax laws in numerous respects.  
               First, the Introduced Proposal would have collapsed the 
               state's six PIT rates into two rates (2.75% and 6.5%), 
               while increasing the standard deduction.  Second, the 
               Introduced Proposal would have reduced the rate of the 
               state SUT to 4%.  Finally, the Introduced Proposal would 
               have imposed a broad-based 4% state SUT on services, with 
               an exemption for the following service categories:  
               necessary medical services, services related to education, 
               automotive repair services, tax preparation and filing 
               services, licensed legal services, and services relating to 
               agriculture and livestock.   

             c)   Clarifying amendments may be useful  :  This bill could 
               potentially benefit from amendments clarifying the precise 
               scope of the LAO report.  For example, this bill would 
               require the LAO to make recommendations on "�h]ow the state 
               could diversify, in a revenue-neutral manner, the tax 
               revenue it would have received as a result of" the 
               Introduced Proposal.  Does this mean that the LAO would 
               first have to estimate the combined revenue impact of the 
               Introduced Proposal and then suggest additional 
               modifications to the state's tax laws to achieve even 
               greater revenue stability in a revenue-neutral manner?  
               Moreover, what does the term "revenue-neutral" mean in this 
               context?  

             This bill also requires the LAO to "make recommendations" on 
               the state revenue impact of excluding various service 
               categories from the Introduced Proposal's broad-based 
               service tax.  Is the LAO to confine its analysis to the 
               projected fiscal impact of these exemptions, or is the LAO 
               to make policy recommendations on whether the individual 
               service categories should be exempted?  In addition, the 
               service categories contained in the Introduced Proposal 
               were rather vague and could make any attempt to estimate 








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               revenues difficult.  For example, what services are 
               included within those "relating to agriculture and 
               livestock"?  Amendments clarifying these issues would 
               likely assist the LAO in providing a useful report.   
           
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file 

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  M. David Ruff / REV. & TAX. / (916) 
          319-2098