BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1964
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1964 (Yamada)
          As Amended  August 21, 2012
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |63-6 |(May 29, 2012)  |SENATE: |32-4 |(August 27,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2012)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    L. & E.  

           SUMMARY  :  Makes a number of changes to provisions of the Fair 
          Employment and Housing Act (FEHA) related to religious 
          accommodation in employment.  

           The Senate amendments  :

          1)Recast provisions of the bill to protect "religious dress and 
            grooming practices," rather than "wearing religious clothing 
            or a religious hairstyle" (as under the prior version of the 
            bill).

          2)Define "religious dress practice" to be construed broadly and 
            to include the wearing or carrying of religious clothing, head 
            or face coverings, jewelry, artifacts, and any other item that 
            is part of the observance by an individual of his or her 
            religious creed.

          3)Define "religious grooming practice" to be construed broadly 
            to include all forms of head, facial, and body hair that are 
            part of the observance by any individual of his or her 
            religious creed.

          4)Make related and conforming changes to the bill.

          5)Add a co-author.

          6)Avoid a chaptering out conflict with another pending bill that 
            amends the same provisions of existing law.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill:

          1)Specified that, for purposes of employment discrimination law 
            (including accommodation), "religious belief or observance" 








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            includes, but is not limited to, the practice of wearing 
            religious clothing or a religious hairstyle.

          2)Defined "wearing religious clothing or a religious hairstyle" 
            to be broadly construed and to include:

             a)   Wearing religious apparel that is part of the observance 
               of the religious faith practiced by the individual;

             b)   Wearing jewelry or an ornament that is part of the 
               observance of the religious faith practiced by the 
               individual;

             c)   Carrying an object that is part of the observance of the 
               religious faith practiced by the individual; and,

             d)   Adopting the presence, absence, or style of a person's 
               hair or beard that is part of the observance of the 
               religious faith practiced by the individual.

          3)Provided that an accommodation of an individual's wearing of 
            religious clothing or a religious hairstyle is not reasonable 
            if it requires segregation of an employee from other employees 
            or the general public.

          4)Provided that an accommodation is not required if it would 
            result in the violation of specified laws protecting civil 
            rights.

          5)Clarified that "undue hardship" for purposes of religious and 
            disability accommodation means as that term is defined 
            statutorily in FEHA.

          6)Added an additional factor for consideration of whether an 
            accommodation constitutes an undue hardship:  the safety and 
            health requirements in a facility, including requirements for 
            the safety of other employees and any other person whose 
            safety may be adversely impacted by the requested 
            accommodation.  

          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations 
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  The author states that this bill would correct 
          certain deficiencies in current law by clarifying that the FEHA 








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          definition of undue hardship applies to the FEHA religious 
          discrimination section (rather than the "de minimus" standard 
          under federal law).  This bill will also specify that 
          segregation is not a reasonable accommodation and that religious 
          dress and grooming are explicitly included as a religious belief 
          or observance.  The author argues that, in doing so, this bill 
          will provide clarity to ensure that all religions receive equal 
          protection under the law and that employees are not put in a 
          position where they cannot perform their job functions because 
          of their religious belief.

          This bill is sponsored by the Sikh Coalition, which argues 
          that Sikh Californians suffer high levels of employment 
          discrimination because of their Sikh identity, which 
          includes a turban, beard, and unshorn hair.  According to a 
          research report issued by the Sikh Coalition in 2010, over 
          one in ten Sikhs in the San Francisco Bay Area reported 
          suffering discrimination in employment.  The sponsor 
          contends that the California Department of Corrections and 
          Rehabilitation refuses to hire Sikhs to serve as security 
          guards unless they remove their religiously-mandated beards. 
           Similarly, police agencies in California have rejected 
          requests to hire Sikh police officers unless they remove 
          their turbans.  These California law enforcement agencies 
          refuse to hire Sikhs despite decisions by both the United 
          States Army and Federal Protective Service to begin 
          accommodating Sikhs in government service.  They contend 
          that the promise of this bill is that it will help eliminate 
          the false choice between one's faith and one's gainful 
          employment.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Ben Ebbink / L. & E. / (916) 319-2091 
          FN: 
          0005360