BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       AB 1970                                     
          A
          AUTHOR:        Skinner                                     
          B
          VERSION:       June 4, 2012
          HEARING DATE:  June 12, 2012                               
          1
          FISCAL:        Yes                                         
          9
                                                                     
          7
          CONSULTANT:    Mareva Brown                                
          0
                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
            Social Services Modernization and Efficiency Act of 2012

                                     SUMMARY  

          Requires final state operational plans submitted to the 
          federal government by any department within the California 
          Health and Human Services agency be posted on the Internet; 
          requires the Department of Social Services to promulgate 
          regulations for electronic communications to recipients; 
          prohibits a county from requiring an applicant or recipient 
          of public benefits to verify the information they provide 
          to the county, except when federally required; requires 
          county human service departments to maximize electronic 
          means of verifying applicant information; revises the 
          various application interview processes; deems a recipient 
          in compliance with state requirements if they meet minimum 
          federal welfare-to-work requirements; requires DSS to 
          implement a transitional CalFresh benefit program, makes 
          technical changes.

                                     ABSTRACT  

           Existing law

                                                         Continued---



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              1.   Establishes public social service programs in 
               California to provide for protection, care, and 
               assistance to the people of the state in need, and to 
               promote the welfare and happiness of all of the people 
               of the state by providing appropriate aid and services 
               to all of its needy and distressed. 

             2.   Establishes various requirements for providing 
               notices to participants in public social services 
               programs. 

             3.   Provides in federal and state law that public 
               social services shall be administered fairly, that all 
               persons who are eligible and apply for such public 
               social services shall receive the assistance to which 
               they are entitled promptly, with due consideration for 
               the needs of applicants and the safeguarding of public 
               funds.

             4.   Establishes in federal law that states shall set 
               forth objective criteria for the delivery of benefits 
               and the determination of eligibility and for fair and 
               equitable treatment of applicants for aid under the 
               Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, 
               administered in California as CalWORKs. 

             5.   Establishes in federal law specific criteria to 
               determine eligibility for the Supplemental Nutrition 
               Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly called food stamps 
               and administered in California as CalFresh.

             6.   Requires county welfare departments, to the extent 
               provided by federal law, to provide CalFresh benefits 
               on an expedited basis to households determined to be 
               in immediate need of food assistance.

             7.   Establishes work participation requirements for 
               individuals participating in the CalWORKs program, as 
               specified.
           
          This bill

              1.   Requires that any operational state plan submitted 
               by any department administered by the Secretary of the 
               California Health and Human Services agency to any 




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               federal agency, and any approved waiver requested or 
               received by any department shall be electronically 
               available to the public at all times on the relevant 
               department's Internet web site.

             2.   Requires, pending approval of necessary federal 
               waivers, that DSS promulgate regulations to allow for 
               delivery of notices and communications pertaining to 
               CalFresh and CalWORKs eligibility and benefit 
               issuance. 

             3.   Requires DSS establish a process, in consultation 
               with stakeholders, that allows applicants and 
               recipients to affirmatively choose to receive notice 
               of actions electronically, and to opt out, as 
               specified. 

             4.   Requires that administering agencies respond to 
               undeliverable or rejected electronic communications by 
               unsubscribing recipients and reinstating postal 
               services, as specified.

             5.   Requires administering agencies to establish a 
               process for timely delivery of case-related 
               information when an applicant or recipient has 
               indicated a preference for electronic communication, 
               but electronic communication fails or is rejected.

             6.   Defines delivery, storage and deletion requirements 
               for electronic notices.

             7.   Prohibits county welfare departments from requiring 
               applicants to provide verification of information, 
               except for fingerprint imaging and other verification 
               required only for CalWORKs, unless that verification 
               is federally required and necessary to determine 
               CalWORKs eligibility or compute the appropriate amount 
               of aid, and verification is not already available to 
               the county eligibility worker, as specified. Permits 
               the county to ask for additional information not 
               required by federal law, but prohibits the county from 
               delaying, denying or terminating aid based on failure 
               to provide information. 

             8.   Requires DSS, with specified stakeholders, to 




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               establish a statewide protocol enabling the use for 
               public social service programs of the California 
               Healthcare Eligibility, Enrollment and Retention 
               System (CalHEERs) electronic database that is being 
               developed to verify eligibility for health coverage in 
               accordance with the federal Patient Protection and 
               Affordable Care Act of 2010. 

             9.   Requires that applicants and recipients of aid 
               whose information is electronically verified be given 
               the opportunity to review the information obtained 
               electronically and make corrections, as necessary, as 
               specified.

             10.  Permits application and recertification interviews 
               to be conducted in person, via telephone or through 
               other electronic means to provide for administrative 
               efficiency and requires that when a county welfare 
               department schedules an interview that is not 
               in-person, it also provide an appointment time for a 
               face-to-face interview. Requires an interview be 
               conducted within 30 minutes of the scheduled time, as 
               specified, and permits DSS to apply for a federal 
               waiver if necessary for implementation.

             11.  Establishes that an adult recipient of CalWORKs who 
               meets minimum federal work requirements be deemed in 
               compliance with state requirements.

             12.  Requires DSS, as it establishes policy to 
               transition households receiving CalFresh transitional 
               benefits to CalFresh regular benefits, to do so in a 
               way that maximizes participants' continued enrollment 
               in the regular CalFresh program. 

             13.  Requires DSS to seek federal waivers allowing 
               expedited service interviews for CalFresh benefits be 
               postponed and subsequently conducted at the same time 
               as the interview for regular CalFresh benefits if the 
               state or county welfare department has no verifiable 
               information indicating the applicant is ineligible for 
               expedited service. 


                                  FISCAL IMPACT  




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          According to the Assembly Appropriations committee, costs 
          associated with this legislation should be minor and 
          absorbable within existing DSS resources. Current updates 
          to the Statewide Automated Welfare System (SAWS) include 
          the capacity to deliver notices electronically.  It is 
          expected that CalHEERs will include the capability to 
          determine eligibility for the CalFresh program.  Therefore, 
          all automation changes are underway.  In addition, this 
          legislation primarily authorizes counties to deliver 
          notices electronically and establishes client protections 
          should they choose to do so.  It does not require counties 
          to provide electronic notices. 






                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Purpose of the bill

           According to the author, an unprecedented demand for 
          services during the recent economic downturn combined with 
          declining state and county administrative resources 
          highlights the need to modernize social service programs. 
          The author states: 
               "(Many) California families' health and 
               well-being have been threatened as an effect of 
               the economic crisis, and are now seeking 
               assistance through the state to stabilize their 
               livelihood.  It is imperative that we remove 
               unnecessary barriers to social services programs 
               to help guarantee that the neediest in our 
               communities have greater access to these 
               programs."   

          Counties and advocacy groups say streamlining the 
          application and recertification processes, including 
          permitting electronic communication, would remove barriers 
          for individuals who need assistance and relieve counties of 
          administrative duties at a time when they are under 
          resourced. The bill also seeks to establish alternatives to 
          in-person interviews for applications and redeterminations 




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          at the option of the applicant or recipient.  

          This bill was developed following months of meetings among 
          stakeholders and the Department of Social Services which 
          were intended to find options for additional program 
          simplification, barrier removal for applicants, reductions 
          in administrative complexity and additional coordination 
          among other state assistance programs. It reflects the 
          intent of those conversations; however the department has 
          expressed concern about certain provisions of this bill. 
          The bill is jointly sponsored by County Welfare Directors 
          Association, Western Center on Law and Poverty, SEIU and 
          the California Coalition for Welfare Rights.

           Transitional CalFresh benefits

           The bill requires DSS to ensure a more seamless transition 
          from families receiving transitional CalFresh benefits to 
          regular CalFresh benefits. Current law provides for 
          transitional CalFresh benefits to be provided to households 
          that are exiting CalWORKs. They are intended to smooth the 
          transition from welfare to work, recognizing that when 
          families leave cash aid, they often forego other benefits 
          such as CalFresh for which they are eligible.  Transitional 
          CalFresh benefits are provided to families for five months 
          upon exiting the CalWORKs program, at which point 
          recipients must apply to receive regular CalFresh benefits 
          to continue in the program. This bill requires that the 
          state maximize continued enrollment of eligible recipients, 
          pursuant to federal law.

           Verification

           This bill would prohibit counties from requiring applicants 
          and beneficiaries to provide more than what is minimally 
          federally required in seeking CalWORKs and CalFresh 
          benefits. Verification requirements differ in these two 
          programs. The TANF program, which governs CalWORKs, 
          requires basic identification to be verified, but permits 
          that the state establish eligibility criteria in its 
          mandatory state plan.  In California, DSS has chosen to 
          limit eligibility to those who possess limited assets, 
          including one car worth $4,650, personal savings of $2,000 
          or less, and other specified limitations. CalFresh, 
          governed by the federal Supplemental Assistance Nutrition 




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          Program (SNAP), has prescriptive eligibility requirements 
          that provide mechanisms for applicants to receive 
          deductions, and therefore additional aid, for such things 
          as dependent care, household size, some medical expenses, 
          child support payments, and other items. 

          Removing counties' ability to require verification beyond 
          the federal minimum from applicants in the CalFresh program 
          would have little effect on eligibility. However removing 
          that ability in the CalWORKs program could affect the 
          state's ability to set policy, including asset limits. 
           
          Pending federal waivers

           California currently has two waivers pending with the 
          federal government relevant to language in this bill:
             1.   A request to postpone the expedited service 
               interview when the state has attempted but was unable 
               to contact the applicant household for an interview 
               and the household meets expedited service criteria, as 
               specified. This request, dated April 27, 2012, is 
               similar to language in approved waivers in Florida, 
               Indiana and Wisconsin. A previously approved federal 
               waiver allows California to waive the face-to-face 
               interview for initial and recertification processes. 
               More than 20 percent of eligible households would 
               qualify for expedited service for CalFresh benefits, 
               yet approximately one-third of them do not receive 
               benefits within the federal expedited time frame.
                
             2.   A request to waive the federal requirement that 
               notices to households be provided in written form, 
               allowing recipient households to receive notices 
               electronically. The waiver language would provide that 
               participants could opt out of electronic 
               correspondence at any time and would permit those who 
               opt for electronic communication to receive 
               correspondence through an electronic notification 
               system consisting of an email and customer account in 
               the automated consortia system. This request, also 
               dated April 27, 2012, is similar to waivers that were 
               approved in Utah and Mississippi.

           Related legislation





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           AB 231 (Steinberg), Chapter 743, Statutes of 2003 
          established the Transitional Food Stamp Program to improve 
          nutritional outcomes and increase Food Stamp participation. 
           

          AB 808 (Skinner) 2011 would have streamlined the 
          re-application process for former CalWORKs recipients who 
          need to continue their CalFresh  benefits when their 
          CalFresh transitional benefits are about to expire. The 
          bill was gutted and amended to a different policy area.

           Arguments in support

           The County Welfare Directors Association of California 
          writes that millions of additional cases have been added to 
          the CalFresh, CalWORKs and Medi-Cal programs in the last 
          few years due to the economic downturn. At one point during 
          the recession, county human services departments were 
          receiving an average of 400,000 applications per month. At 
          the same time, severe fiscal constraints have forced the 
          state and counties to cut administration costs for these 
          programs, leaving them underfunded. "Because of this, it is 
          imperative that we continue modernizing our eligibility 
          systems and procedures to ensure these cases are handled as 
          quickly as possible by our eligibility staff and that 
          struggling Californians are enrolled expeditiously into the 
          programs for which they are eligible." 

           Arguments in opposition

           The California District Attorneys Association writes that 
          allowing application and recertification interviews to be 
          conducted via telephone or other electronic means reduces 
          hurdles for applicants, but "we fear that such processes 
          invite more fraud into these systems." The association also 
          expressed concern that a county would be prohibited from 
          requiring an applicant or re-applicant to verify 
          information unless it is federally required. "Counties may 
          individually require more information from an applicant or 
          recipient based on certain circumstances and we feel it is 
          inappropriate to legislatively mandate that such local 
          processes be denied. Ensuring program integrity should be a 
          hallmark of public assistance programs and this bill 
          frustrates the state's ability to do so."





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           Comments

           These proposals arise from stakeholder meetings that 
          included the sponsors and the Department of Social Services 
          and were intended to move the state toward efficiency 
          through the use of technology. As a result of those 
          conversations, DSS submitted waivers that would permit the 
          use of electronic communication with beneficiaries and 
          allow a postponement of an interview for CalFresh under 
          certain conditions. 

          The administration has raised concerns that this bill may 
          be too prescriptive and could be in conflict with the 
          waivers pending with the federal government. DSS and the 
          bill's sponsors plan to continue working on amendments to 
          address these concerns. This analysis reflects language in 
          the bill that is currently in print, rather than those 
          proposed amendments. 
                                         
                                  PRIOR VOTES
           
          Assembly Floor:     48 - 24
          Assembly Appropriations:12 - 4
          Assembly Human Services:  4 - 2 

                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:       California Coalition of Welfare Rights 
          Organizations (sponsor)
                         County Welfare Directors Association of 
                         California (sponsor)
                         Service Employees International Union 
                         (sponsor)
                         Western Center on Law and Poverty (sponsor)
                         Alameda County Community Food Bank
                         Asian Law Alliance
                         California Catholic Conference, Inc.
                         California Food Policy Advocates 
                         California Grocers Association
                         California Hunger Action Coalition
                         California State Association of Counties
                         City and County of San Francisco
                         Humboldt County Department of Health and 
                         Human Services
                         Laborers' Local 777




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                         Laborers' Local 792
                         Legal Services of Northern California
                         Monterey County Board of Supervisors
                         Regional Council of Rural Counties
                         Riverside County Department of Public Social 
                         Services
                         St. Anthony Foundation of San Francisco
                         Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors
                         Stanislaus County Community Services Agency
                         Ventura County Board of Supervisors


          Oppose:   California District Attorneys Association



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