BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1971|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1971
          Author:   Buchanan (D)
          Amended:  4/30/12 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 6/12/12
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Harman, Liu, Price, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  76-0, 5/14/12 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Theft:  junk, metals, and secondhand materials

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill (1) increases the maximum fine for 
          junk and second-hand dealers who knowingly purchase metals 
          used in transportation or public utility services without 
          due diligence from $250 to $1,000; (2) clarifies that, for 
          purposes of the vandalism statute, "damages" includes 
          damage caused to public transit properties and facilities, 
          public park properties and facilities, and public utilities 
          and water properties and facilities; and (3) makes 
          specified findings and declarations.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law states that every person who, 
          being a dealer in or collector of junk, metals or 
          secondhand materials, or the agent, employee, or 
          representative of such dealer or collector, buys or 
          receives any wire, cable, copper, lead, solder, mercury, 
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          iron or brass which he or she knows or reasonably should 
          know is ordinarily used by or ordinarily belongs to a 
          railroad or other transportation, telephone, telegraph, 
          gas, water or electric light company or county, city, city 
          and county or other political subdivision of this state 
          engaged in furnishing public utility service without using 
          due diligence to ascertain that the person selling or 
          delivering the same has a legal right to do so, is guilty 
          of criminally receiving that property, and is punishable, 
          by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one 
          year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of 
          Section 1170, or by a fine of not more than $250, or by 
          both that fine and imprisonment.

          Any person buying or receiving material described above 
          shall obtain evidence of his or her identity from the 
          seller including, but not limited to, that person's full 
          name, signature, address, driver's license number, vehicle 
          license number, and the license number of the vehicle 
          delivering the material.

          The record of the transaction shall include an appropriate 
          description of the material purchased and such record shall 
          be maintained pursuant to Section 21607 of the Business and 
          Professions Code.  (Penal Code Section 496a)

          Existing law states that every person who steals, takes, or 
          carries away copper materials of another, including, but 
          not limited to, copper wire, copper cable, copper tubing, 
          and copper piping, which are of a value exceeding $950 is 
          guilty of grand theft.  Grand theft of copper shall be 
          punishable as a misdemeanor, by a fine not exceeding 
          $2,500, by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one 
          year, or by both that fine and imprisonment, or as a 
          felony, punishable by 16 months, two or three years in the 
          county jail, pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 
          and a fine not exceeding $10,000.

          Existing law provides that every junk dealer and every 
          recycler, as defined, in this state is required to keep a 
          written record of all sales and purchases made in the 
          course of his or her business.  (Business and Professions 
          Code (BPC) Section 21605.)  Those records must include:


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          1.The place and date of each sale or purchase of junk made 
            in the conduct of his or her business as a junk dealer or 
            recycler.

          2.The name, valid driver's license number and state of 
            issue or California-issued identification card number, 
            and vehicle license number including the state of issue 
            of any motor vehicle used in transporting the junk to the 
            junk dealer's or recycler's place of business.

          3.The name and address of each person to whom junk is sold 
            or disposed of, and the license number of any motor 
            vehicle used in transporting the junk from the junk 
            dealer's or recycler's place of business.

          4.A description of the item or items of junk purchased or 
            sold, including the item type and quantity, and 
            identification number, if visible.

          5.A statement indicating either that the seller of the junk 
            is the owner of it, or the name of the person he or she 
            obtained it from, as shown on a signed transfer document.

          6.Any person who makes, or causes to be made, any false or 
            fictitious statement regarding any information required 
            by this section, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

          7.Every junk dealer and every recycler shall report the 
            above information to the chief of police, if the dealer's 
            or recycler's business is located in a city, or to the 
            sheriff, if the dealer's or recycler's business is 
            located in an unincorporated part of a county, upon 
            request of the chief of police or sheriff and on a 
            monthly basis, except:

          8.The chief of police or sheriff may request the report 
            described in this section on a weekly basis if there is 
            an ongoing investigation of the junk dealer or recycler 
            concerning possible criminal activity.  The chief of 
            police or sheriff may request weekly reports for no more 
            than a two-month period unless the investigation of the 
            junk dealer or recycler continues and the chief of police 
            or sheriff makes a subsequent request for weekly reports 
            for an additional two-month period or part thereof.  (BPC 

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            Section 21606)

          Existing law provides that any junk dealer or recycler who 
          fails to keep the required written records, or who refuses, 
          upon demand, as specified, to exhibit the required written 
          record, or who destroys that record within two years after 
          making the final entry of any purchase or sale of junk 
          therein is guilty of a misdemeanor.  (BPC Section 21608 
          (a).)  Violations are punishable as follows:

          1.For a first offense, by a fine of not less than $500, or 
            by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 30 
            days, or both.

          2.For a second offense, by a fine of not less than $1,000, 
            or by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than 
            30 days, or both.  In addition to any other sentence 
            imposed pursuant to this paragraph, the court may order 
            the defendant to stop engaging in business as a junk 
            dealer or recycler for a period not to exceed 30 days.

          3.For a third or any subsequent offense, by a fine of not 
            less than $2,000, or by imprisonment in the county jail 
            for not less than six months, or both.  In addition to 
            any other sentence imposed pursuant to this paragraph, 
            the court shall order the defendant to stop engaging in 
            business as a junk dealer or recycler for a period of 30 
            days.  (BPC Section 21608 (b))

          Existing law defines a "secondhand dealer" as any person or 
          entity taking in pawn, accepting for sale of consignment, 
          trading, et cetera, any tangible personal property.  (BPC 
          Section 21625)

          Existing law defines a pawnbroker as a "person engaged in 
          the business of receiving goods in pledge for security for 
          a loan."  (Financial Code Section 21000)

          Existing law provides that, except as specified, a junk 
          dealer or recycler in this state shall not provide payment 
          for nonferrous material unless, in addition to meeting the 
          written record requirements of Sections 21605 and 21606, 
          all of the following requirements are met:


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          1.The payment for the material is made by cash or check.  
            The check may be mailed to the seller at a verified 
            address, as specified below, or the cash or check may be 
            collected by the seller from the junk dealer or recycler 
            on the third business day after the date of sale.

          2.At the time of sale, the junk dealer or recycler obtains 
            a clear photograph or video of the seller.

          3.Except as provided below, the junk dealer or recycler 
            obtains a copy of the valid driver's license of the 
            seller containing a photograph and an address of the 
            seller or a copy of a state or federal government-issued 
            identification card containing a photograph and an 
            address of the seller.

          4.If the seller prefers to have the check for the material 
            mailed to an alternative address other than a post office 
            box, the junk dealer or recycler shall obtain a copy of a 
            driver's license or identification card, as specified, 
            and a gas or electric utility bill addressed to the 
            seller at that alternative address with a payment due 
            date no more than two months prior to the date of sale.  
            For purposes of this paragraph, "alternative address" 
            means an address that is different from the address 
            appearing on the seller's driver's license or 
            identification card.

          5.The junk dealer or recycler obtains a clear photograph or 
            video of the nonferrous material being purchased.

          6.The junk dealer or recycler shall preserve the 
            information obtained pursuant to this paragraph for a 
            period of two years after the date of sale.

          7.The junk dealer or recycler obtains a thumbprint of the 
            seller, as prescribed by the Department of Justice (DOJ). 
             The junk dealer or recycler shall keep this thumbprint 
            with the information obtained under this subdivision and 
            shall preserve the thumbprint in either hardcopy or 
            electronic format for a period of two years after the 
            date of sale.

          8.Inspection or seizure of the thumbprint shall only be 

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            performed by a peace officer acting within the scope of 
            his/her authority in response to a criminal search 
            warrant signed by a magistrate and served on the junk 
            dealer or recycler by the peace officer.  Probable cause 
            for the issuance of that warrant must be based upon a 
            theft specifically involving the transaction for which 
            the thumbprint was given.  (BPC Section 21608.5)

          Existing law (subdivisions of BPC Section 21628) provides 
          that pawnbrokers and secondhand dealers shall report daily 
          on forms approved or provided by DOJ, all personal property 
          purchased, taken in trade, taken in pawn, et cetera, to 
          local law enforcement.  The report shall include the 
          following information:

          1.The name and current address and identification of the 
            intended seller or pledgor of the property (subds. 
            (a)-(b));

          2.A complete and reasonably accurate description of 
            serialized or nonserialized property (subds. (c)-(d));

          3.A certification by the intended seller or pledgor that he 
            or she is the owner of the property, or has the authority 
            of the owner to sell or pledge the property and that any 
            information provided is true and complete (subds. 
            (e)-(f)); and

          4.A legible fingerprint taken from the intended seller or 
            pledgor (subd. (g)).

          Existing law provides that DOJ shall, in consultation with 
          local law enforcement, develop clear and comprehensive 
          categories of property subject to reporting requirements in 
          BPC Section 21628.  The categories shall be incorporated by 
          secondhand dealers and coin dealers (BPC Section 21626) for 
          reporting requirements.  DOJ and local law enforcement, in 
          consultation with secondhand dealer and coin dealer 
          representatives, shall develop a standard statewide format 
          for electronic reporting.  Twelve months after the format 
          and the categories have been developed, each secondhand 
          dealer and coin dealer shall make reports electronically.  
          Until that time, each secondhand dealer and coin dealer may 
          either continue to report this information using existing 

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          forms and procedures or may begin electronically reporting 
          this information under the reporting categories and using 
          the new format when it has been developed.  (BPC Section 
          21628)

          Existing law requires a secondhand dealer to make acquired 
          property available for law enforcement inspection for 
          specified time periods.  (BPC Section 21636)

          This bill increases the maximum fine for junk and 
          secondhand dealers who knowingly purchase metals used in 
          transportation or public utility services without due 
          diligence from $250 to $1,000.

          This bill clarifies that, for purposes of the vandalism 
          statute, "damages" includes damage caused to public transit 
          properties and facilities, public park properties and 
          facilities, and public utilities and water properties and 
          facilities.

          This bill makes various findings and declarations.

           Previous Legislation to Curb Metal Thef  t

          SB 1387 (Emmerson), which passed the Senate (37-0) on May 
          14, 2012, prohibits junk dealers and recyclers from 
          possessing any fire hydrant, fire department connection, 
          manhole cover or backflow device without a written 
          certification on the letterhead of the agency previously 
          owning the material, and adds fire hydrants, manhole covers 
          and backflow devices to the list of items which, if any 
          person possesses, knowing they were stolen, would receive 
          an additional fine of up to $3,000.  The bill is in the 
          Assembly Business, Professions and Consumer Protection 
          Committee.

          In 2011, the Legislature created a separate offense of 
          grand theft of copper material.  (AB 316 (Carter), Chapter 
          317, Statutes of 2011)  

          In 2009, the Legislature passed the following measures to 
          address the growing problem of metal theft:

           SB 447 (Maldonado), Chapter 732, Statutes of 2009, 

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            assists local law enforcement officials in quickly 
            investigating stolen metal and apprehending thieves by 
            requiring scrap metal dealers and recyclers to report 
            what materials are being scraped at their facilities and 
            by whom on a daily basis.  These rules already apply to 
            pawn shop dealers.

           SB 691 (Calderon), Chapter 720, Statutes of 2009, 
            requires junk dealers and recyclers to take thumbprints 
            of individuals selling copper, copper alloys, aluminum, 
            and stainless steel.  Sellers must also show a government 
            identification (ID) and proof of their current address.  
            Recyclers who violate the law face suspension or 
            revocation of their business license and increased fines 
            and jail time. 

           AB 844 (Berryhill), Chapter 731, Statutes of 2009, 
            requires recyclers to hold payment for three days, check 
            a photo ID and take a thumbprint of anyone selling scrap 
            metals.  AB 844 also requires any person convicted of 
            metal theft to pay restitution for the materials stolen 
            and for any collateral damage caused during the theft. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/13/12)

          AT&T
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Railroad Industry
          California Transit Association
          Central Valley Flood Control Association
          East Valley Water District
          Eastern Municipal Water District
          El Dorado Irrigation District
          Orchard Dale Water District
          Rowland Water District
          San Diego County Board of Supervisors
          San Gabriel Valley Water Association
          Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority
          Southern California Edison

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Santa Clara Valley 

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          Transportation Authority states, "Since 2008, a series of 
          bills have been enacted at the state level to combat metal 
          theft generally.  These measures have focused on placing 
          reporting requirements on junk dealers and recyclers 
          comparable to those that exist for pawnbrokers and 
          secondhand dealers, and on enhancing certain fines and 
          other penalties for metal theft.  However, the recent rise 
          in scrap metal values has made the theft and sale of these 
          materials increasingly profitable and, therefore, metal 
          theft continues to be a problem.  AB 1971 will address an 
          inconsistency in the fine pertaining to certain acts 
          undertaken by a buyer of copper, and will ensure that 
          copper wiring theft resulting in damage to the property and 
          facilities of public transit agencies, as well as to 
          certain other public property and facilities, can be 
          prosecuted as vandalism."


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR :  76-0, 5/14/12
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Beall, Bill 
            Berryhill, Block, Blumenfield, Bonilla, Bradford, 
            Brownley, Buchanan, Butler, Charles Calderon, Campos, 
            Carter, Cedillo, Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Davis, Dickinson, 
            Donnelly, Eng, Feuer, Fong, Fuentes, Furutani, Beth 
            Gaines, Galgiani, Garrick, Gatto, Gordon, Gorell, Grove, 
            Hagman, Halderman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi, Roger 
            Hern�ndez, Hill, Huber, Hueso, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, 
            Knight, Lara, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mansoor, 
            Mendoza, Miller, Mitchell, Monning, Morrell, Nestande, 
            Nielsen, Norby, Olsen, Pan, V. Manuel P�rez, Portantino, 
            Silva, Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Swanson, Torres, Wagner, 
            Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, John A. P�rez
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Atkins, Fletcher, Perea, Valadao


          RJG:do  6/13/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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